Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion.

Malunggay Leaves (Moringa Oleifera) as the main component

in making Body Lotion

Elec, Norielesse R.

8- STEM Diamond

Looc Integrated School

March 2020
Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion. 1

CHAPTER I

Introduction

Do we all think just by washing and scrubbing would be all enough to provide the

best care to our skin? Due to the low level of sebum and being prone to sensitivity is the cause of

dry skin. Where in the skin has a parched look caused by it’s inability to retain moisture. So

therefore, Body Lotion would be highly needed to gain back the moisture of our skin. Body

Lotions were developed to restore the suppleness and hydration of your skin. Since many Lotion

can be found nowhere, most of them contains toxic contents like paraben that can irritate/harm

skin.

Malunggay also known as Moringa Oleifera is classified as a tropical plant that

abundantly grows in Philippines, India and Africa, which can be easily found. Every part

of Moringa oleifera is a storehouse of important nutrients and anti-nutrients. The leaves of M.

oleifera are rich in minerals like calcium, potassium, zinc, magnesium, iron and copper. Pods

have 30% of amino acid content, the leaves have 44% and flowers have 31%. The immature

pods and flowers showed similar amounts of palmitic, linolenic, linoleic and oleic

acids .Moringa has lot of minerals that are essential for growth and development among which,

calcium is considered as one of the important minerals for human growth.

Malunggay Leaves are loaded with nutrients, especially vitamins and minerals. In

terms of skincare benefits, moringa extract have a hydrating and antioxidant effects that helps in
neutralizing harmful pollutants, prevent wrinkles and slowdown aging. It’s also packed with

moisture magnet and antioxidant vitamin E, which makes it perfect for flaky and dry skin.

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion. 2

That’s why the researcher came up with the idea of using malunggay leaves to

determine if it can be use as the main component in making body lotion. The researcher also aim

that it can be beneficial for everyone, since it’s non-toxic and naturally-made.

Statement of the Problem

The researcher wants to produce a Body Lotion out of Malunggay Leaves.

Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions:

1. Does Malunggay Leaves can be use as the main component in making body

Lotion?

2. Does the quality of Malunggay Body Lotion is better than store-bought lotion?

3. What are the characteristics of Malunggay Body Lotion in terms of:

3.1 Texture

3.2 Appearance

3.3 Viscosity

3.4 Odor

Hypotheses

Ha- The Malunggay Leaves can be use as the main component in making Body Lotion.

Ho- The Malunggay Leaves can’t be use as the main component in making Body Lotion.
Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 3

Significance of the Study

Community. It can help the people to reduce the risk of having common skin

problems. The researcher also uses malunggay, because it is very convenient, and can easily

make a lotion. Malunggay can be found everywhere, it would be eco-friendly for our

environment. It will be more natural because of it’s main component unlike store-bought lotions.

School. It can also help the students, teachers or everyone else in the school to

lessen their worry about skin problems, and boost their confidence.

Future Researchers. They also can gain significance in this study. It may serves

this as their guidance to gather information, and in building blocks to have bigger study.

Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study focuses in producing lotion out of malunggay leaves. The malunggay

will be gathered at the vicinity of L.E. Village, Lingga, Calamba City, that will serve as the main

component; while the samplings will be conducted at the Science Laboratory of Looc Integrated

School.

This study will form into a three treatments. The first one contain 15ml of

malunggay extract, the second one contains 22.5ml of malunggay extract, the third one contains
30ml of malunggay extract, while the rest of the ingredients are constant. The viscosity,

appearance, texture and odor of the product will be tested by the participants and will evaluate it.

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 4

Definition of Terms

Malunggay – A leafy green plant that has many health benefits. The healing effects of this herb

prevent the development of skin lesions and inhibit the formation of plaque caused by the

infecting virus. 

Paraben – A type of preservatives use in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. They are highly

effective in preventing the growth of fungi, bacteria and yeast that can cause products to spoil.

Abundant – Having a large amount or quantities of something. Since malunggay grows at large

parts of Philippines, Africa and India, which was considered abundant.

Neutralize – To kill or to lessen. Since Moringa extract neutralizes harmful pollutants to prevent

wrinkles and slowdown aging.

Flaky – Breaking or separation from small thin pieces.  may be caused by external factors, like

cold temperatures, low humidity, harsh soaps, and certain medications.

Sebum - It is a light yellow, oily substance that is secreted by the sebaceous glands that help

keep the skin and hair moisturized. 

Microbes – Are microorganisms that causes disease. It possesses antibacterial, antifungal, and

antimicrobial properties, and is effective against the growth of disease-causing microbes.

purifying and therapeutic benefits.

Antifungal – A drug use to prevent fungi. Moringa was not considered as drug but it possesses

antifungal properties.

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 5

Conceptual Framework

Independent: Dependent:
Malunggay Leaves: Characteristics of Body Lotion
in terms of:
a. 15ml
b. 22.5ml a. Texture
c. 30ml b. Appearance
c. Viscosity
d. Odor

Paradigm of the Study

The diagram above shows the relationship between the independent and dependent

variable. The amount of Malunggay Leaves which is 15ml, 22.5ml, and 30ml is the independent

variable; while the characteristics of body lotion in terms of texture, appearance, viscosity and

odor is the dependent variable.

CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature

This chapter indicates the review of related literature, where in there are studies taken

from books, journals, and unpublished thesis. This study contains the most relevant up to date

information that supports the study of lived Experience on how jeepney phase out influenced the grade

11 commuters in Calamba City Science Integrated School. of Malunggay as a body lotion and how to

utilize and to be accepted in the selection area of Calamba, Laguna.

Moringa leaves and pods are a nutritional powerhouse that provides a great range

and amount of essential proteins, vitamins, and minerals. It is a rich source of essential amino

acids, which are the building blocks of proteins. Moringa seed oil is beneficial for the skin and

hair and is effective against the infection caused by the herpes simplex virus. The healing effects

of this herb prevent the development of skin lesions and inhibit the formation of plaque caused

by the infecting virus. The hydrating and antioxidant effects of moringa extracts help in

neutralizing the effects of harmful pollutants, prevent wrinkles and slowdown aging. It possesses

antibacterial, antifungal, and antimicrobial properties, and is effective against the growth of

disease-causing microbes.

With all the health benefits of moringa, it can easily be termed as the most nutritious

plant on the face of the earth. Moringa oil or ben oil has plant hormones called cytokinins that
help promote cellular growth and prevent destruction of skin tissues. The natural vitamin C in

moringa oil boosts collagen, helping reduce fine lines, wrinkles and sagging skin. (Alonto, 2012:

21-30)

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 7

The vitamin-rich and nutrient-dense moringa oil makes for an excellent active

ingredient in skin-care products, thanks to its antioxidants, antibacterial, and nourishing

properties. Its high concentration of behenic acid (thus the name “ben oil”) makes moringa oil a

top anti-aging weapon, and the fatty acid’s deep moisturizing properties also offer added benefits

for the hair.

Rosenthal adds that use of moringa extract also helps clear minor skin problems

such as blackheads and pimples and minimizes dark spots, and its anti-inflammatory properties

have been known to help in both external and low-level internal inflammations. Dry skin has a

low level of sebum and can be prone to sensitivity. The skin has a parched look caused by its

inability to retain moisture. It usually feels "tight" and uncomfortable after washing unless some

type of moisturizer or skin cream is applied. Ben oil extracted from Moringa seeds is added to

baby creams to keep their skin soft and smooth. The same ingredient is used in preparing the lotion

that moisturizes scaly skin and protects it from drying.

Enriched with multivitamins, anti-oxidants, and other minerals, the body lotion is

suitable for dry and sensitive skin. Proteins like Collagen and Keratin impart flexibility and
strength to the skin. Both these proteins have sulfur as their main constituent. Being a rich source

of sulfur, Moringa lotion helps restore the suppleness of your skin and keeps it healthy. Moringa is

used in cosmetics as it offers skin purifying and therapeutic benefits. The lotion removes impurities

and leaves your skin revitalized and detoxified. It helps in restoring your natural skin color and

makes you look fairer. (Leito, Ubalde, 2010: 56-64)

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 8

The seed extract present in the lotion prevents smoke and pollution from sticking to

your skin. The cleansing power of moringa keeps your skin radiant and pure.Moringa contains

antioxidants (around 30), anti-inflammatory compounds and vitamins (A, B1, C, E and

bioflavonoid) in abundance. Free radicals present in your body can trigger skin aging but

antioxidants in Moringa lotion control free radicals and rejuvenate your skin. It is a useful anti-

aging lotion as it smoothens the wrinkles and lightens the skin. Anti-oxidant rich olive oil is

another ingredient used in the lotion that allows it to work as a skin moisturizer, cleanser, and

protector. Using this lotion can keep your skin youthful .Moringa tree, is packed with nutrients

(such as calcium), vitamins (A, B, C, D, E), and minerals (magnesium, manganese, copper, iron,

silica and zinc).

This makes Malunggay highly nourishing with hydrating and cleansing

properties for the scalp, skin and hair. Moringa oleifera presents interesting features that could

be relevant for topical application in undesirable skin sebum during winter season and eventu-

ally unpleasant oiliness. A number of skin diseases are believed to be associated with
oxidative stress, including psoriasis, and acne. Hence, it is suggested that Moringa oleifera may

speculate the results against acne vulgaris, acne rosocca, acne infantum, acne tarda and others.

It has an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory property that help address minor skin complaints like

cuts, bruises, burns,insect bites and rashes. It also has an antibacterial property, which helps

minimize pimples, acne, blackheads and whiteheads. (Roldan, 2006: 12-21)

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 9

Moringa can withstand both severe drought and mild frost conditions and hence

widely cultivated across the world. With its high nutritive values, every part of the tree is suitable

for either nutritional or commercial purposes. The leaves are rich in minerals, vitamins and other

essential phytochemicals. Extracts from the leaves are used to treat malnutrition, augment breast

milk in lactating mothers. It is used as potential antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory,

antidiabetic and antimicrobial agent. M. oleifera seed, a natural coagulant is extensively used in

water treatment. The scientific effort of this research provides insights on the use of moringa as a

cure for diabetes and cancer and fortification of moringa in commercial products. This review

explores the use of moringa across disciplines for its medicinal value and deals with cultivation,

nutrition, commercial and prominent pharmacological properties of this “Miracle Tree”.

 for malnutrition. Moringa is rich in nutrition owing to the presence of a variety of

essential phytochemicals present in its leaves, pods and seeds. In fact, moringa is said to provide

7 times more vitamin C than oranges, 10 times more vitamin A than carrots, 17 times more

calcium than milk, 9 times more protein than yoghurt, 15 times more potassium than bananas
and 25 times more iron than spinach . The fact that moringa is easily cultivable makes it a

sustainable remedy for malnutrition. Countries like Senegal and Benin treat children with

moringa . Children deprived of breast milk tend to show symptoms of malnutrition. Lactogogues

are generally prescribed to lactating mothers to augment milk production. The lactogogue, made

of phytosterols, acts as a precursor for hormones required for reproductive growth. Moringa is

rich in phytosterols like stigmasterol, sitosterol and kampesterol which are precursors for

hormones. (Edwards, 2017: 91-111)

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 10

Every part of M. oleifera is a storehouse of important nutrients and antinutrients.

The leaves of M. oleifera are rich in minerals like calcium, potassium, zinc, magnesium, iron and

copper . Vitamins like beta-carotene of vitamin A, vitamin B such as folicacid, pyridoxine and

nicotinic acid, vitamin C, D and E also present in M. oleifera . Phytochemicals such

as tannins, sterols, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones, alkaloids and reducing

sugar present along with anti-cancerous agents.

Leaves of Moringa oleifera are reported potent antioxidants than other parts .

Leave are used as Purgative, applied as poultice to sores, rubbed on the temples for

headaches, used for piles, fevers, sore throat, bronchitis, eye and ear infections, scurvy and

catarrh; leaf juice is believed to control glucose levels, applied to Reduce glandular.

Oily skin is a common condition affecting men and women,

characteristically between puberty and about 60 years of age. Gernerally, men exhibit a higher

rate of sebum secretion compared to women. In humans, the highest rate of sebaceous glands,

with 300–1500 glands ⁄cm2 is found on the face . Although excessive sebum production
has minimal physical impact on body function, chronic oily skin can cause significant concern

for people who have the condition. Oily skin appears greasy and shiny, adds to the growth of

acne, and is commonly accompanied by large pores on the face. (Cavender, 2009: 34- 42)

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 11

Surveys have also originated that sufferers feel unpleasant, rough and irritated

by the state . Also, a number of skin diseases are thought to be connected with oxidative stress,

including psoriasis, acne and cutaneous vasculitis . Therefore, the present study was planned to

test the effi-cacy of Moringa oleifera grown to reduce undesirable skin sebum secretions

from this region during winter season in humans.

 Malunggay  has been used as herbal medicine in many cultures for hundreds of

years, Malunggay is known as a very nutritious plant where it is used to combat malnutrition in

third world countries especially for infants and nursing mothers.The malunggay pods are the

most valued and widely used part of the plant. Malunggay pods contains essential amino acids,

vitamins and other nutrients.

Malunggay pods may be eaten raw or may be prepared or cooked. Malunggay

pods may be fried and may produce a clear, odorless and sweet oil mostly called - Ben

Oil.Malunggay leaves may be eaten as greens, in salads and as vegetable ingredients for soups

and other tropical viands. Malunggay flowers are cooked and eaten either mixed with other foods
or fried in batter.Eating one cup of malunggay leaves everyday can help strengthens the immune

system.Can help restores skin condition, controls blood pressure, relieve headaches and

migraines.

Malunggay tea can help strengthen the eye muscles.Malunggay tea can help heal

inflammation of the joints and tendons.Eating one to two cups of malunggay leaves during

dinnertime can help cure constipation. (Galinda, Lee, 2003: 71-89)

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 12

Malunggay leaves poultice can help stop bleeding when applied directly to

bleeding wound.Malunggay tea can prevent intestinal worms..Can help increase semen

count.Can help normalize blood sugar level therefore preventing diabetes. Has anti-cancer

compounds (phytochemicals) that help stop the growth of cancer cells. Malunggay helps

promote good night sleep.

Malunggay tea is used to treat fever and asthma..Malunggay help heals ulcers.

Malunggay leaves are proven to increase the flow of  milk among lactating mothers. For

insufficient breast milk production take one cup of leaves at least once a day. The young

malunggay leaves can also be boiled and taken as tea. Malunggay Root Medicinal Uses; The

roots is used to make tea, while the trunk, after it’s scraped and squeezed for its juice is used to

clean wounds.Decoction of malunggay roots is taken to increase the amount of urine. It can also

be use as mouthwash to help tighten the gums. Poultice applied to snake bites and skin

irritations.Malunggay Seeds.
 Medicinal Uses;Malunggay seed is used to clean dirty or polluted water.

According to German research, malunggay seeds are able to clean water of low and

medium turbidity (cloudiness) with 98% – 99% reduction in bacteria that cause gastrointestinal

disorders.Malunggay seed can help cure rheumatism. Just roast seeds, powder and apply on

affected joints. (Darwin, 2015; 61-69)

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 13

Since the beginning of human civilization, medicinal plants have been used by

mankind for its therapeutic value. Nature has been a source of medicinal agents for thousands of

years and an impressive number of modern drugs have been isolated from natural sources. Many

of these isolations were based on the uses of the agents in traditional medicine. The plant-based,

traditional medicine systems continues to play an essential role in health care, with about 80% of

the world’s inhabitants relying mainly on traditional medicines for their primary health care.

The vital minerals present in Moringa 10 include Calcium, Copper, Iron,

Potassium, Magnesium, Manganese and Zinc. It has more than 40 natural anti-oxidants. Moringa

has been used since 150B.C. by ancient kings and queens in their diet for mental alertness and

healthy skin. The leaves, pods, seeds, gums, bark and flowers of Moringa are used in more than

80 countries to relieve mineral and vitamin deficiencies, support a healthy cardiovascular system,

promote normal blood-glucose levels, neutralize free radicals, provide excellent support of the

body's anit-flammatory mechanisms, enrich anemic blood and support immune system.
 It also improves eyesight, mental alertness and bone strength. It has potential

benefit in malnutrition, general weakness, lactating mothers, menopause, depression and

osteoporosis. It is also used to make an efficient fuel, fertilizer and livestock feed. Moringa leaf

has been purported to be a good source of nutrition and a naturally organic health supplement

that can be used in many therapeutic ways. The Moringa seeds exhibited an oil yield of 34.80%.

Protein, fiber, moisture and ash contents were 31.65, 7.54, 8.90 and 6.53%, respectively.

(McBurneys, 2010: 67-74)

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 14

Moringa was highly valued in the ancient world. The Romans, Greeks and

Egyptians extracted edible oil from the seeds and used it for perfume and skin lotion. In the 19th

century, plantations of Moringa in the West Indies exported the oil to Europe for perfumes and

lubricants for machinery. People in the Indian sub-continent have long used Moringa pods for

food. The edible leaves are eaten throughout West Africa and parts of Asia.

For centuries, people in many countries have used Moringa leaves as traditional

medicine for common ailments. Clinical studies have begun to suggest that at least some of these

claims are valid. With such great medicinal value being suggested by traditional medicine,

further clinical testing is very much needed. A study was done in Pakistan to examine the

physico-chemical characteristics of M. oleifera seeds and seed oil from a wild provenance of

Pakistan.

Nikolaus Foidl and Dr. Gabrielle Foidl, two Austrian scientists living in

Nicaragua, have developed intensive methods of cultivating Moringa. They along with their
associate Leonardo Mayorga, have been conducting their research in Nicaragua since the early

1990s. They have collaborated with the University of Hohenheim, Germany and with Dr.

Michael Kreuzer, ETH (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology) Zurich, Switzerland. Their

intensive cultivation methods were developed under experimental conditions on plots ranging in

size from 0.5 to 4 hectares. Foidl and his associates have experimented with various uses of

Moringa leaves and green stems, including their use in cattle fodder. (DanMalam, 2012: 36-45)

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 15

Moringa leaves are used as feed for cattle, pigs and poultry. When Moringa leaves

constituted 40 to 50% of feed, it was found in research studies that milk yields for dairy cows

and daily weight gains for beef cattle increased by 30%. The birth weight of calves increased by

3 to 5 kg. Some animals, such as chickens will not voluntarily consume Moringa leaves or

Moringa leaf powder (Price, 2000). The seed of M. oleifera contains high quality edible oil (up

to 40% by weight). In Haiti, the oil has been used as general culinary and salad oil. It resembles

olive oil in its fatty acid composition (Abdulkarim et al., 2005).

Moreover, the oil has the capacity to absorb and retain volatile substance and is

therefore valuable in the perfume industry. After oil extraction of Moringa oleifera seeds, the left

press cake contains water soluble proteins that act as effective coagulants for water purification.

One to two seeds per litre are required for water purification. Seed powders are mixed with

water, after hours, the water is filtered to get purified water. The charged protein molecules can

serve as nontoxic natural polypeptide to settle mineral particles and organics in the purification
 of drinking water, vegetable oil, depositing juice (sugarcane) and beer (Foidl et al., 2001).

Recently, there is an increasing trend to evaluate some indigenous cheaper material for

wastewater treatment.

Current studies report that Moringa seeds and pots are effective sorbets for

removal of heavy mental and volatile organic compounds in the 15 aqueous system (Akhtar et

al., 2006, Sharma et al., 2006). It can be added in oxidation lagoons of wastewater treatment

units to coagulate algae as well. The algae are removed by sedimentation, dried and pulverized,

and then are used as protein supplement for livestock.(Foidl et al., 2001: 51-67)

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 16

CHAPTER III

This chapter indicates how the study was done and focuses on the step by step

procedures that were executed in the experimentation. It also includes the measurements of the

materials and the type of scale that was used to determine the characteristics of Body Lotion.

Methodology

A .Materials

A1. Malunggay – It will serve as A2. Coconut Oil – To form A3. Beeswax – To thicken the
the main component. It provides malunggay extract and to consistency of the lotion.
hydrating and moisturizing support the moisturizing
properties. component of malunggay.
 A4. Measuring Spoon- To have A5. Bowl- Use for setting aside A6. Spoon- For stirring
accurate measurements of each mixtures. mixtures.
ingredients.

A7. Strainer- Use for filtering A8. Container- It is where to put

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 17

B. Procedures

B1. Prepare all the materials B2. Clean the malunggay leaves B3. Put coconut oil in the
needed. first, to remove the dirt. cleaned malunggay leaves.

B6. After heating, filter the B5. Put it in boiling water so the B4. Crush the malunggay in a
excess leaves with a strainer. extract will mix with oil bowl so the extract will mix
properly. with the oil.
B7. Put all the left ingredients in B8. If the mixture is already B9. After getting the zest, put
the bowl along with the extract , liquid, then let it warm for a the finished product in an empty
and heat it again. while. container.

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 18

Research Design

Malunggay( w/ Beeswax Essential Oil

Treatment 2 22.5ml 1/2tsp 20 drops

Treatment 3 30ml 1/2tsp 20 drops

The table above shows the accurate measurements of materials that was used for

the three treatments.

Likert Scale

5 – Excellent

4 – Good
 3 – Fair

2 – Poor

1 – Very Poor

The presented scale above shows a 5-point Likert scale, that was used to determine

the characteristics of Malunggay Body Lotion.

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 19

CHAPTER IV

This chapter discusses the opinion of respondents about the quality of the Body

Lotion in terms of Texture, Odor, Appearance and Viscosity of the product.

Data Interpretation

Table 1: Texture

Mean Interpretation

Treatment 1 4.4 Good

Treatment 2 4.8 Good

Treatment 3 3.66 Fair

The table shows, the basis of the product according to it’s texture. Treatment 1& 2
With a good interpretation have a mean of 4.4 and 4.8: While treatment 3 with a mean of 3.66

states a fair interpretation, which means that treatment 1& 2 are the best in terms of texture.

Table 2: Odor

Mean Interpretation

Treatment 1 4.46 Good

Treatment 2 4 Good

Treatment 3 4.73 Good

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 20

The table shows the basis of the product according to its odor. Treatment 1, 2, and

3 states a good interpretation with a mean of 4.46, 4, 4.73. Which means all treatments are

applicable in terms of Odor.

Table 3: Appearance

Mean Interpretation

Treatment 1 3.8 Fair

Treatment 2 4.8 Good

Treatment 3 3.46 Fair

The table shows the basis of product according to it’s appearance . Treatment

1with a mean of 3.8 states a fair interpretation, Treatment 2 have a mean of 4.8 that states a good

one; While treatment 3 that have 3.46 mean states a fair interpretation, which means Treatment 2

have the best appearance among of all treatments.

Mean Interpretation

Treatment 1 4.33 Fair

Treatment 2 4.66 Good

Treatment 3 2.86 Poor

Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 21

The table shows the basis of the product according to it’s viscosity. Treatment

1 with a mean of 4.33 states a good interpretation, same with treatment 2 with a mean of 4.66:

and treatment 3 with a 2.86 mean have a poor interpretation. Which means treatment 1& 2 are

the best interms of viscosity,and treatment 3 with a least one

Summary of Data Interpretation

Texture Odor Appearance Viscosity

Treatment 1 4.4 4.46 3.8 4.33

Treatment 2 4.8 4 4.8 4.66

Treatment 3 3.66 4.73 3.46 2.86

The table above shows the overall mean for the characteristics of each treatment

in terms of Texture, Odor, Appearance and Viscosity.

CHAPTER V

Conclusion and Recommendation

Results from the study showed that Malunggay can be use as the main component

in making Body Lotion, though it’s still not proven and not dermatologically tested due to sort of

financial problems. For the Recommendation, the researcher would recommend to use

emulsifying wax rather than beeswax, the researcher could not just find any near available store

to buy emulsifying wax, that’s why the researcher came up of using beeswax as an alternative.

When you use beeswax to mix with oil which will mix well but the final outcome

of the product will be too waxy and greasy. There’s nothing to smooth out the consistency which

is what emulsifying wax does in a lotion. And make sure first, before to try out the lotion,

consult first the dermatologist to know your skin type and advices before using any cosmetics.
Malunggay Leaves as the main component in making Body Lotion 23

CHAPTER VI
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