MATHEMATICS UNIT 1 MUF0091

1/2016 (J)

FINAL EXAMINATION SOLUTIONS

© Monash College Pty Ltd, 2016

Level 7, 271 Collins Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000 Australia
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means without the prior permission of the Monash College
Pty Ltd.
 GUIDELINES FOR MARKING

1) If necessary, ½ marks can be awarded throughout the paper for partial method shown
or partial correct answer - use marker judgment with respect to the intention of the
allocated marks in the mark scheme. (Note, however, that specific penalties for
accuracy of answers and correct use of notation will be given in the mark scheme
where relevant, so only penalize these as instructed.)

2) Consequential marking is to be used throughout, including for final answers – i.e. we

generally penalize only once per mistake in each question, so if all subsequent
working is correct, give full marks for remainder of the working.

3) We penalize 1 mark per error UNLESS the error makes subsequent calculations too
easy, in which case use marker judgment by comparison with marks allocated in the
mark scheme.

Page 2 of 17
Question 1
(a)

1 mark correct
translation

1 correct intercepts
(0.5+0.5)

(b)

2 marks
for accurately
showing 4 correct
points on the
transformed graph
eg (0, 3) (-3, 6) or
other significant
points
(0.5 each)

Page 3 of 17
(c)

1 correct dilation

1 correct intercepts
(0.5+0.5)

2+2+2=6
marks

Page 4 of 17
Question 2
(a)
5
i. Find f ′( x) if f ( x ) = 3 + 4 x − 3 .
x
4 15 2 1 +1 each term
f ′( x ) =
−15 x −4 + 1
=
− 4+ (any form)
2
x x
2x
ii. Hence, find f ′(4) .

15 2 241
f ′(4) =
− 4+ =
4 4 256 1 answer
sin(2 x ) dy
(b) Given that y = 3x
, find in simplest form.
e dx
dy 2 cos(2 x ) × e3 x − sin(2 x ) × 3e3 x 1 quotient rule
=
dx e6 x
e3 x (2 cos(2 x ) − 3sin(2 x )) 1 numerator
=
e6 x (0.5+0.5)
2 cos(2 x ) − 3sin(2 x )
=
e3 x 1 simplified answer
dy
=
Accept also (2 cos(2 x ) − 3sin(2 x ))e −3 x
dx
x
−
(c) Given that f ′(=
x) e 2
+ 2 cos(3x ) and f (0) = −1 , find f ( x ) .
x x 1 method
− − 2
∫e 2
+ 2 cos(3x ) dx =
−2e 2
+ sin(3x ) + c
3
(use integration)
1 each part of
Using f (0) = −1 antiderivative
2
−1 =−2e0 + sin 0 + c ⇒ c =1
3 1 substitution
x
− 2
f ( x) =
−2 e 2
+ sin(3x ) + 1 1 final answer
3
(2 + 1) + 3 + 4 = 10
marks

Page 5 of 17
Question 3
(a) The normal to the parabola at the origin meets the graph

again at point . Show that the coordinates of this point are .

dy dy
= 2 − 2x At the origin =2 1 derivative
dx dx
1
Gradient of normal is m= −
2
1 1 1 equation of normal
Equation of the normal at the origin y − 0 =− ( x − 0) or y = − x
2 2
1
Solving y= − x and =
y 2 x − x 2 simultaneously gives
2
1
2 x − x2 = − x
2
1 method (sim eqns)
5 5 
x − x 2 =0 ⇒ x  − x  =0
2 2 
5
=x 0= or x
2
5
Substituting x= into one of the 2 equations gives the y coordinate at point P.
2 1 substitution to find
5 y
of y= −
4
(b) Use integration to find the exact area bounded by the parabola and the
normal line. Show your working in full.
5 5

 1  5 
2 2
1 expression for area
= ∫ (2 x −x ) −  − x  dx
= ∫  2 x − x
2 2
Area dx
0  2  0 
3
5 x 5 25 125 125 125 125
=
[ x 2 − ]02.5 =× − = − = sq units 1 antiderivative
4 3 4 4 24 16 24 48

1 exact answer
(-0.5 if correct but
not exact)
4 + 3 =7 marks

Page 6 of 17
Question 4
(a) Solve the following equations for , giving all of your answers as exact values.
i. , given

3(1 − cos2 2 x ) − 7 cos 2 x − 3 =0

3 − 3cos2 2 x − 7 cos 2 x − 3 =0 1 use of identity
7
3cos 2 x (cos 2 x − ) =
0
3 1 factors
7
=
cos 2 x 0 cos 2 x ≠
3
π 3π 5π 7π 1 first 2 answers
2x = , , ,
2 2 2 2 1 second 2 answers
π 3π 5π 7π
x= , , ,
4 4 4 4 (-0.5 mark if values
are given outside of
given domain)

ii.

log10 (35 − =
x 3 ) 3log10 (5 − x )
log10 (35 − x 3=
) log10 (5 − x )3 1 use of log laws

35 − x 3 = 125 − 75 x + 15 x 2 − x 3
1 expansion
15 x − 75 x + 90 =
2
0
x 2 − 5x + 6 = 0 1 answers
( x − 3)( x − 2) =0
=x 3= or x 2

Page 7 of 17
(b) The cubic polynomial has a linear factor .
Calculate the value of and hence solve the equation .

P( −3) =
0
2( −3)3 + 9a − 8( −3) + 3 =0 1 use of Factor

−54 + 9a + 24 + 3 = 0 Theorem
or any correct
9a = 27
working
a=3

1 value of a

P( x ) = 0
2 x 3 +3 x 2 − 8 x + 3 =0
( x + 3)(2 x 2 − 3x + 1) =0
1 quadratic factor
( x + 3)(2 x − 1)( x − 1) =
0
x1 = −3
1 1x=-3
x2 =
2
x3 = 1
1 other 2 answers

(4 + 3) + 5 = 12
marks

Page 8 of 17
Question 5
A continuous function with equation has the following properties:
, , ,
for
for

(a) State the values of for which has stationary points and use the given
information to find the nature of these stationary points.
1 st points
From the given properties we have 2 stationary points x = −1 and x = 2
Nature:
x x < −1 x = −1 −1 < x < 2 x=2 x>2 1 method to test
g ′( x ) − 0 − 0 + nature
slope

At x = −1 the function has an inflection point 1 statements

At x=2 the function has a local minimum point

(b) Sketch a possible curve for using the set of axes provided below.

1 shape

1 intercepts

1 st points

3+3=6
marks

Page 9 of 17
Question 6
An unstable gas is decomposing in such a way that the amount of gas present, units
at time minutes, is given by the equation .

(a) What is the initial amount of gas present?

t = 0 A = 100 1 answer

(b) If half the gas is left after 5 minutes, find the exact value of .
t = 5 A = 50
50 = 100e −5k
1 substitution
−5 k
0.5 = e
−5k = ln 0.5 1 answer
ln 0.5 − ln 2 ln 2 (any correct exact
=k = =
−5 −5 5 form)

k = 0.2 ln 2 [penalise 0.5 mark

if decimal answer

(c) When will the amount of gas present be 25 units? given (0.1386)]

A = 100e −0.2ln 2 t
Given A = 25
1 substitution
−0.2ln 2 t
25 = 100e
0.25 = e −0.2ln 2 t 1 answer

−0.2 ln 2t = ln 0.25
ln 0.25 ln 4 [do not penalise
=t = = 10 min
−0.2 ln 2 0.2 ln 2 here if decimal k
value was used]
Alternatively:
If half of the gas is left after 5 minutes, then 25 units is left after 10 minutes.
(d) At what rate is the gas decomposing when is 25 units?
dA
=100 × ( −0.2) × ln 5e −0.2ln5t =−20ln 5e −0.2ln5t 1 derivative
dt
1 answer (any
When t = 10
form)
dA
= −20ln 2e −0.2ln 2×10 =
−20ln 2e −2ln 2 1+2+2
dt +2=7
= −5ln 2 g / min ≈ −3.47 g / min marks

Decomposing at 3.47 g/min

Page 10 of 17
Question 7
(a) The graph of the function below has an equation in the form
. Use the space below the diagram to find the equation of
this graph.

Since x = −4 is the vertical asymptote, we have b=4

Using the y intercept (0,6) we have: 1 value of b

6 = a log 2 4
6 = 2a
a=3
1 equation
=
f ( x ) 3log 2 ( x + 4)

(b) Explain why exists as a function.

exists as a function because is one to one. 1 answer

Page 11 of 17
(c) Find the rule for and state its domain and range.

=y 3log 2 ( x + 4)
=x 3log 2 ( y + 4) 1 method
(swap_
x
= log 2 ( y + 4)
3
x
2 = y+4
3

x 1 rule for inverse

y =−4 + 2 3

x
−1
f ( x ) =−4 + 2 3
1 domain/range
(0.5+0.5)
Domain: R
Range: ( −4, ∞ )

(d) Use your graphics calculator to state the coordinates of the point(s) of
intersection of the two functions. 1 both points
There are 2 points of intersection
(0.5+0.5)

(12,12) and (3.56,3.56)

1 asymprote
(e) Sketch the graph of on the set of axes in part (a), labelling intercept(s)
y=-4
with the axes, asymptote(s) and point(s) of intersection.

1 intercepts
(6, 0) and (0, -3)

1 intersection
points

2+1+
3+1+
3 = 10
marks

Page 12 of 17
Question 8
A large pool at a hotel is made up of a rectangular swimming pool, with side lengths of
metres and metres, attached to a semicircular spa of radius metres.

The perimeter (shown in red) of the pool is 80 metres. (Hint: perimeter of a circle is
)
1 use of
(a) Express in terms of .
perimeter
π x + 2x + 2 y = 80
2 y = 80 − 2 x − π x 1 expression for
π y
y = 40 − x − x
2

(b) Show that the total surface area of the pool is given by the following equation:

1 expression for
π x2 area
=
A 2 xy +
2
π π x2
= 2 x (40 − x − x) +
2 2
2 πx
2 1 expanding and
= 80 x − 2 x − π x +
2

2 simplifying

πx 2
= 80 x − 2 x 2 −
2
2
x
=80 x − (4 + π )
2

Page 13 of 17
(c) Find the value of for which the total surface area of the pool is a maximum,
explaining why this value gives a maximum area. 1 method

dA
For max area =0
dx
1 value of x
dA
= 80 − x (4 + π ) = 0 (any form)
dx
80 x (4 + π )
=
80
x= 1 test for max
4 +π
Applying 1st derivative test or 2nd derivative test for max

d 2A
=−(4 + π ) < 0
dx 2
80
So x= maximises the area.
4 +π
(d) Hence find the total surface area of the semicircular spa.
1 answer
π x2
A= (any accuracy)
2
80
Substituting x= gives A ≈ 197 m 2
4 +π
(e) State the dimensions of the swimming pool, giving your answers to the nearest
metre. 1 answers
Dimensions y × 2x
Width is approximately 11 m
Length is approximately 22 m

2+2+3+1+
1 = 9 marks

Page 14 of 17
Question 9
At time hours after midnight, the velocity of the current in a tidal river is given by
, where is measured in kilometres per hour and .

(a) State the maximum and minimum values on the graph of the velocity .

vmin = −10
vmax = 10 1 answer
(0.5+0.5)
(b) Find the velocity of the current at 8.00 a.m.
At 8.00 a.m
10π 5π
t = 8 v (8) = 10cos = 10cos = −5 3 km / hr 1 answer
12 6
(any accuracy)

(c) Sketch the graph of using the set of axes below, showing all important
points.

1 end points
(any form)

1 x intercepts
(any form)

1 shape

Page 15 of 17
(d) It is not safe to swim in the river before 6.00 a.m. After 6 a.m. it is only safe
if the speed (magnitude of the velocity) of the current is less than 3 km per
hour. Find the times during which it is safe to swim, showing your working
and expressing you answer in hours and minutes (you may need to use your
graphics calculator).
We need
| v |< 3 and 6 < t < 24
Solving
1 method
π (t + 2)
10cos = ±3
12
π (t + 2)
cos =
±0.3 and t > 6 1 eqn
12
cos( ) = ±0.3
gives:

t1 = 14.83616
t2 = 17.16384
1 two values of t
Between 14:50 and 17:10
1 answer

(e) On any given day, what percentage of the time is it safe to swim? 1 method
17.16384 − 14.83616
× 100% ≈ 9.7%
24
1 answer
1+1+3+4+2
= 11 marks

Page 16 of 17
Question 10
(a) Differentiate and hence find an antiderivative of
.

d 3
( x ) ) 3x 2 ln 2 x + x=
1 1 derivative
=
x ln(2 3
× 3x 2 ln 2 x + x 2
dx x
1 method
∫ 3x ln 2 x + x 2 dx =
2
x 3 ln(2 x )
(antidif)

∫ 3x ln 2 x dx + ∫ x dx =
2 2 3
x ln(2 x ) 1 method
(split)
x3
∫ 3x =
ln 2 x dx x ln(2 x ) −
2 3
1 answer
3
Consider the function shown below.

1 expression for
area

1 antiderivative

1 answer
(b) Use the result of part (a) to calculate the area of the region enclosed
(any form)
by the graph of this function, the -axis and the line .

x3
∫ 3x ln(2= x ) dx x ln(2 x ) −
2 3

3 4+3=7
2
x3 2 marks
∫0.5 3x =ln(2 x )dx [ x ln(2 x ) − ]0.5
2 3

3
 8 1 1 
=  8ln 4 −  −  ln1 − 
 3  8 24 
21
= 16ln 2 − ≈ 8.465 sq units
8

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