Dec 2021:-

● Indian Coast Guard:-

○ Formation 18 August, 1978
○ Headquarter :- Delhi
○ Parent organization :- Ministry of Defence
○ Director General :- Virender Singh Pathania.
○ Indian Coast Guard ship ’Vajra’ commissioned formally into service on March
24th 2021. It is the 6th offshore patrol vessel to enhance coastal security.
■ Vajra has been indigenously designed and built by Larsen and Turbo.
■ Larsen and Turbo’s Headquarter:- Mumbai, Maharastra and its chairman
is Anil Manibhai Naik
● Good Governance Index:-
○ Good Governance day:- 25 Dec,
○ National Consumer right day :- 24 december. (15 March marks World Consumer
Rights Day)
○ Gujarat has topped in Group A, the composite ranking in the Good
Governance Index 2021 covering 10 sectors, followed by Maharashtra and Goa.
○ Madhya Pradesh tops in Group B the list followed by Rajasthan and
Chhattisgarh.
○ Himachal Pradesh topped in the North-East and Hill States, the list followed
by Mizoram and Uttarakhand.
○ Delhi tops the composite rank in the union territories registering a 14%
increase over the GGI 2019 indicators.
● National Security Council (NSC):-
○ Formation :- 19 Nov 1998, Headquarter - Delhi
○ National Security Advisor:- Ajit Doval
○ Deputy National Security Advisor :- Rajinder Khana(2018), Dattatray "Datta"
Padsalgikar(2019), Vikram Misri(2022), Anil Chauhan(Military advisor)
○ The NSC is the apex body of the three-tiered structure of the national security
management system in India
○ The three tiers are the Strategic Policy Group, the National Security Advisory
Board and a secretariat from the Joint Intelligence Committee.
■ Strategic Policy Group:- The Strategic Policy Group is the first level of
the three tier structure of the National Security Council. It forms the
 nucleus of the decision-making apparatus of the NSC. National Security
Advisor Ajit Doval is the chairman of the group
■ National Security Advisor Board:- The brainchild of the first National
Security Advisor (NSA), Brajesh Mishra, a former member of Indian
Foreign Service. The National Security Advisory Board (NSAB) consists
of a group of eminent national security experts outside of the government.
[6]
Members are usually senior retired officials, civilian as well as military,
academics and distinguished members of civil society drawn from and
having expertise in Internal and External Security, Foreign Affairs,
Defence, Science & Technology and Economic Affairs.
■ The Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC) of the Government of India
analyses intelligence data from the Intelligence Bureau, Research and
Analysis Wing and the Directorates of Military, Naval and Air Intelligence
and thus analyses both domestic and foreign intelligence. The JIC has its
own Secretariat that works under the Cabinet Secretariat.
○
● NITI Aayog:- National Institution for Transforming India
○ Formation :- 1 January 2015
○ Headquarter :- Delhi
○ Chairman :- PM Modi
○ Vice Chairman :- Suman Bery
○ CEO - Amitabh Kant
● Srinivasa Ramanujan:-
○ Born on 22 December 1887
■ National Mathematics Day - 22 December
○ In 1903 he secured a scholarship to the University of Madras but lost it the
following year because he neglected all other subjects in pursuit of mathematics.
○ In 1911 Ramanujan published the first of his papers in the Journal of the Indian
Mathematical Society.
○ In 1918 he was elected to the Royal Society of London. Ramanujan was one of
the youngest members of Britain's Royal Society and the first Indian to be elected
a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge University.
 ○ One of Ramanujan’s notebooks was discovered by George Andrews in 1976 in
the library at Trinity College. Later the contents of this notebook were
published as a book.
○ 1729 is known as the Ramanujan number.
■ 1729 is the sum of the cubes of 10 and 9 - cube of 10 is 1000 and cube
of 9 is 729 adding the two numbers results in 1729.
● Vijay Diwas:- December 16 to commemorate its victory over Pakistan in the 1971 war,
which led to the creation of Bangladesh.
○ On this day, the then Major-General in the Pakistan Army, Amir Abdullah Khan
Niazi, surrendered to the joint forces of Indian Army and Bangladesh’s Mukti
Bahini.
○ The ‘Instrument of Surrender’ was signed and accepted by Lieutenant General
Jagjit Singh Aurora, the then General Officer Commanding-in-Chief of India’s
Eastern Command.
● Central Vigilance Commission :-
○ is an apex Indian governmental body created in 1964 to address governmental
corruption.
○ The CVC was set up by the Government in February, 1964 on the
recommendations of the Committee on Prevention of Corruption, headed by
Shri K. Santhanam.
● Sardar vallabhbhai patel:-
○ 31st October 1875 in Nadiad, Gujarat.
○ First Home Minister and Deputy Prime Minister of India.
○ Patel’s father Jhaverbhai had been a soldier in the army of Rani Laxmibai of
Jhansi.
○ Headed various Committees of the Constituent Assembly of India, namely:
■ Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights.
■ Committee on Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas.
■ Provincial Constitution Committee
○ Integrated the farmer’s cause in Kheda Satyagraha (1918) and Bardoli
Satyagraha (1928) with the national freedom movement.
■ Women of Bardoli bestowed the title ‘Sardar’ on Vallabhbhai Patel,
which means ‘a Chief or a Leader’.
■ Mahatma Gandhi gave the title of ‘Sardar’ to Vallabhbhai Patel
 ■ Also known as ‘Bismarck of India”
● ‘Bismarck was German statesman and diplomat.
○ He was the President of the INC session held in Karachi in 1931.
■ He was the secretary of the Gujarat Sabha (Gujarat Wing of INC)
■ In 1920, he was elected the president of the Gujarat Pradesh Congress
Committee. He remained in that position till 1945
○ Remembered as the ‘Patron Saint of India’s Civil Servants’ as he established
the modern all-India services system.
■ Indian Civil Services day:- 21 April
○ Known as the “Iron Man of India”
○ Patel represented India on the Partition Council where the division of public
assets between the two new nations was overseen.
○ He was awarded the Bharat Ratna posthumously in 1991.
○ 15th December 1950 in Bombay.
○ In January 2020, Statue of Unity(182meter) was added to the ‘Eight Wonders’ of
the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO).
■ Shanghai Cooperation Organization:-
● Formation 15 June 2001
● Headquarter Beijing, China
● Has 8 members countries
● The SCO Charter was signed in 2002, and entered into force in
2003.
● The SCO's official languages are Russian and Chinese.
● India and Pakistan became members in 2017.

● Bharat Ratna Award:-

○ The award was established by formal President of India Rajendra Prasad on
2nd January 1954.
○ Provision to award posthumously was finally added in January 1966 statute of
this prestigious award.
○ The award was initially restricted to accomplishments in the literature, science,
arts, and public services, but the government of India expanded the conditions
to comprise “any field of human endeavour” in 2011.
 ○ First Bharat Ratna was awarded to Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan, Sir C.V. Raman,
and Chakravarti Rajagopalachari in 1954.
○ The number of yearly awards is constrained to a maximum of three in a specific
year.
○ In 1992, Subhash Chandra Bose was awarded Bharat Ratna posthumously. As
there is no solid evidence of Subhash Chandra Bose’s death his family declined
to receive the award.
● Operation Blue Star:-
○ Operation Blue Star was carried out by the Indian Army from 1 to 10 June 1984
in order to capture Sikh leader Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale.
○ Akali Dal, a regional political party in Punjab, had passed the Anandpur
Resolution in 1973 which demanded more autonomy to the states, among other
things.
○ In 1982, Bhindranwale joined the Akali Dal and launched the Dharam Yudh
Morcha to implement the Anandpur Resolution.
○ In 1983, Bhindranwale fortified the Akal Takht in the Golden Temple complex and
started hiding there to avoid arrest. He and his men led the campaign for
Punjab’s autonomy from the temple.
○ In order to remove him from the complex, the Army launched the operation on 1
June 1984.
○ Operation Blue Star had two sub-components:-
■ Operation Metal to flush out the militants holed up in the Golden Temple.
■ Operation Shop to mop up remaining extremists throughout Punjab.
○ The actual storming of the temple occurred on 5 June 1984 under the command
of Lieutenant General Kuldip Singh Brar.
○ By June 7, the army had full control over the Harmandir Sahib complex.
○ There was a lot of anguish among the Sikh community in India and abroad over
the storming of their most holy place. The timing of the operation was also
questioned since June 3, 1984, was the martyrdom day of Sikh Guru, Guru
Arjan Singh and hence, a large number of devotees were present inside the
temple complex.
○ Indira Gandhi was assassinated in October 1984 by her own Sikh bodyguards
as an act of revenge for the operation. This led to the anti-Sikh riots of 1984 in
Delhi and other parts of north India.
 ○ In 1986, the Chief of Army Staff at the time of the operation General A.S.
Vaidya was assassinated in revenge by Sikh militants. The bombing of Air India
Flight 182 in 1985 is believed to have been another act of revenge for the
operation.

○
● Pt. Madan Mohan Malaviya:-
○ 25th December 1861, in Allahabad (now Prayagraj) in Uttar Pradesh
○ He was given the title of ‘Mahamana’ by Mahatma Gandhi and the second
President of India, Dr. S. Radhakrishnan gave him the status of a ‘Karmayogi’.
■ Rabindranath Tagore gave the Gandhi title Mahatma
○ He was elected as the President of the Congress committee (four times) in
1909, 1918, 1932 and 1933.
■ Sengupta was elected Congress chief in 1933 after president-elect
Madan Mohan Malviya was arrested.
■
○ Apprehensive of the possibility of the British completely damming the flow of
Ganga at Bhimgoda in Haridwar, he set up the Ganga Mahasabha in 1905.
○ He was a social reformer and a successful legislator, serving as a member of
the Imperial Legislative Council for 11 years (1909–20).
○ Popularized the term ‘Satyamev Jayate’. However, the phrase originally
belongs to the Mundaka Upanishad. The term now is the national motto of
India.
○ Devnagri was introduced in the British-Indian courts because of Malviya’s
efforts with the British government.
○ He establish the Hindu Mahasabha (“Great Society of Hindus”) in 1915.
■ He founded the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) in 1916.
○ As a journalist, he started a Hindi weekly, Abhyudaya in 1907 and made it a
daily in 1915 and also Hindi monthly, Maryada in 1910.
○ He started an English daily- Leader in 1909.
○ Malaviya was the editor of Hindi weekly, the Hindustan and Indian Union.
○ He was also the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Hindustan Times
for many years.
○ He died on 12th November, 1946, at the age of 84.
 ○ In 2016, the Indian Railways started the Varanasi-New Delhi Mahamana
Express in the leader’s honor.
● Nanaji Deshmukh:-
○ Bharat Ratna Nanaji Deshmukh was born on 11th October 1916 in
Maharashtra’s Hingoli district.
○ Nanaji Deshmukh was honoured with the Padma Vibhushan in 1999 and was
posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna in 2019.
○ Set up the country’s first rural university: Chitrakoot Gramodaya
Vishwavidyalaya was established by Nanaji Deshmukh in Madhya Pradesh.
■ Saraswati Vidya Mandir schools:- established by him in 1977.