MATH

9 – Probability Review
Bag Red Blue White
1. The table below shows the number of red, blue and white
markers in three bags, A, B, and C. A 3 4 3

B 4 5 0

C 4 3 3

a. From A, one marker is drawn at random. Find the probability that the marker drawn will: [1/2]
i. not be white
ii. be either red or white
b. From bag A, one marker is drawn at random and replaced. If the marker is red a second marker is
drawn from bag A, if the marker is blue, the second marker is drawn from bag B, if the marker is white
the second marker is drawn from bag C. Find the probability that both markers are: [5/6]
i. red
ii. either marker is blue or white (not the same color)
iii. the same color

2. There are lots of marbles in a bag. A marble experiment was

preformed 150 times. Marble A was selected 16 times, C 50 times,
D 48 times and E 14 times. [3/4]

a) What is the probability of selecting marble B?

b) If there were 18 marbles selected at random, how many of marble

C would you expect?

3. A square spinner has A, B, C & D on its equal sides [1/2]

a) Find the theoretical probability of getting:
i) C
ii) B or C
iii) A,B,C or D
b) Suppose that the spinner is actually spun 20 times and the results are recorded in the table below.
Calculate the experimental probability of getting a B.

Result A B C D
Frequency 5 7 3 5

4. Suppose that you toss a coin two times. What is the probability that you get two tails? [1/2]

5. Suppose that a coin is tossed and a six-sided die is rolled at the same time. [3/4]
a) Use a table or grid to show the sample space for this combined event.
b) Find the probability of getting a tail AND a 4. Use proper notation.
c) Find the probability of getting a head OR a 3. Use proper notation.
6. A bag contains discs: 6 are black and 4 are white. A disc is selected and then replaced. A second disc is
selected.
a) Complete the tree diagram. [1/2] Find the probability that:

b) Both discs are black. [3/4]

c) One disc is black and the other is white.

[5/6]

7. A bag contains 15 red balls, 9 blue balls, and 6 yellow balls. A ball is chosen and not replaced. A second ball
is then chosen.

Find the probability of choosing:

a) 2 red balls [3/4]
b) 1 blue and 1 yellow [3/4]
c) no blue balls [5/6]

8. A magician is performing tricks at a party. He asks Sue to pick a card, any card, from his standard deck. He
then pulls a standard coin from behind Sue’s ear.

a) What is the probability that the card is a heart and the coin shows heads? [3/4]

b) In another trick, Lotte picks a card and holds on to it and then Joe picks a card. What is the probability that
they have cards from the same suit? [7]

9.

10. There are two jars on a table. Jar A contains 2 red and 3 green marbles. Jar B contains 4 red and 1 green
marble. Vlad picks a marble from a jar. He decides which jar he will choose based on rolling a die. If the die
shows 2 or 5, he picks from jar A, otherwise he picks from jar B. Determine the probability that Vlad picks a red
marble. [7]

11. An influenza virus is spreading through a city. A vaccination is available to protect against the virus. If a
person has had the vaccination, the probability of catching the virus is 0.1; without the vaccination, the
probability is 0.3. The probability of a randomly selected person catching the virus is 0.22 Find the
percentage of the population that has been vaccinated. [7]
12. In a box I have 37 red pens, 120 black pens and 43 blue pens. If one pen is chosen at random, find the
probability that the pen is: [1/2]
a) red b) not red c) blue d) red or black

13. A pair of dice is rolled. Draw a grid to represent all 36 different possible results. Use the grid to determine the
probability of getting: [3/4]
a) two 3’s
b) a 5 and a 6
c) a 5 or a 6
d) a sum of 7
e) a sum greater than 8

The pair of dice are rolled a second time, find the probability that: [5/6]
f) both pair of die have a sum of 7.
g) there is a sum of 10 and a sum of 3.

14. A batch of 145 paperclips was dropped onto 6 cm by 6 cm squared paper. 113 fell completely inside squares
and 32 finished up on the grid lines. Find, to 2 decimal places, the estimated probability of a clip falling
a) inside a square [5/6]
b) on a line

15. A pair of coins is tossed 500 times and the results are:
Result Two heads A head and a tail Two tails

Frequency 121 251 128

What is the experimental probability of getting [3/4]
a) two heads
b) a head and a tail
c) at least one head
d) based on these results if you were to throw the pair of coins 742 times how many times would you expect
there to be Two tails?

16. In a class of 30 students, 10 study French, 18 study Spanish and 5 study neither.

a) Complete the Venn diagram. [3/4]

b) How many students study French or Spanish or both [3/4]
c) What is the probability of randomly choosing a student who studies French but not Spanish? [3/4]
d) Shade the set 𝐹 ∩ 𝑆′ . [7]
 [7]

[5/6]

17. Of 400 college students, 120 are enrolled in math, 220 are enrolled in English, and 55 are enrolled in both. If a
student is selected at random, find the probability that: [3/4]
a. the student is enrolled in mathematics. Use proper notation.
b. the student is enrolled in mathematics or English. Use proper notation.
c. the student is enrolled in either mathematics or English, but not both.
d. Are English and math mutually exclusive? Explain
e. Three students are chosen at random and replaced each time what is the probability that all three take
ONLY math. [5/6]

18. 100 people were asked if they liked Math, Science, or Social Studies. Everyone answered that they liked at
least one.
[5/6]
56 like Math
18 like Math and Science
43 like Science
10 like Science and Social Studies
35 like Social Studies
12 like Math and Social Studies
6 like all three subjects

a. How many people like Math only? _____

b. How many people like Science only? _____
c. If one person is chosen at random, find 𝑃(𝑀 ∩ 𝑆)? .
d. If one person is chosen at random, what is the probability that that person will like only Math? .
e. If one person is chosen at random, what is the probability that that person will not like Science? .
f. If one person is chosen at random, find 𝑃(𝑀 ∪ 𝑆)? .
g. If one person is chosen at random, what is the probability that that person will like Science but not
math? .

19. The committee on Student Life did a survey of 417 students regarding satisfaction with Student Government
and class standing. Results follow:

Freshman Sophomore Junior Senior Total

Not Satisfied 17 19 23 71
Neutral 61 38 166
Satisfied 23 43 180
Total 103 98 115

a. Fill in the chart above. [1/2]

b. Find the probability that a student selected at random is: [3/4]
i. Satisfied (with Student Government) _____________
ii. Neutral ________________
iii. Neutral and Freshman _______________
iv. Senior, or Satisfied _____________
v. Freshman OR Junior OR neutral [7]
 vi. Freshman AND Junior [7]
20. A hair salon did a survey of 360 customers regarding satisfaction with service and type of customer. A walk-in
customer is one who has seen no ads and not been referred. The other customers either saw a TV ad or were
referred to the salon (but not both). Results follow:
Walk-In TV Ad Referred Total
Not Satisfied 21 9 5 35
Neutral 18 25 37 80
Satisfied 36 43 59 138
Very Satisfied 28 31 48 107
Total 103 108 149 360

Find the probability that a customer is: [3/4]

(a) Not Satisfied ______________

(b) Not Satisfied and walk-in ______________
(c) Not Satisfied, or referred _______________
(d) Very Satisfied ________________
(f) Very Satisfied and TV ad _______________

21. Jennifer is playing darts. She throws two darts aiming for a Bullseye. The probability Jennifer hits the Bullseye
on her first throw is ¼. The probability she hits the Bullseye on her second throw ⅓. [5/6]
a. Complete a tree diagram.
b. Work out the probability Jennifer hits the Bullseye at least once

22. Sally and Laura sit their driving tests. The probability of Sally passing her driving test is 0.7 The probability of
both Sally and Laura passing is 0.56
a. Work out the probability of Laura passing her driving test. [7]
b. Complete the tree diagram. (once you have ‘a’ the rest of the question is [3/4]

c. Find the probability of both women failing.

23. A dart is randomly thrown at the right triangular target, find the probability that it hits
the shaded right triangle. (note the vertices of the shaded triangle are at the
midpoints.)

24. Assume that the white square is centered in the large square. If you randomly blue
choose a point inside the figure, what is the probability that it will be in the region Red
described?
a. P(red)
b. P(blue)
c. P(not blue)
d. P(green or white)
green blue