EXERCISE 1.

1
1. State which of the given collection of objects is a set :
() A collection of popular cinema actors of India.
(i) The collection of even natural numbers less than 51.
(i) The colection of counting numbers less than 1.
(iv) Collection of interesting books written by Shakespeare.
(o) The collection of novels written by Munshi Prem Chand.
(oi) The collection of 10 most talented students of your school.
(vii) Collection of all rivers flowing in India.
(vi) Collection of 5 rivers flowing in India.
(ix) Collection of all rational numbers which lie between -1 and 1.
() A team of eleven best cricketers of the world.
(xi) A collection of most dangerous animals of the world.
2. IfA = (3, 5,7,9, 111, then write which of the
is not true, mention why.
following statements are true. Ifa statement
() 3e A (t) 5,9 e A
(ip) 9 e A
(ii) 8 e A
(o) (3} e A (vi) (5, 7)e A.
3. Use the roster method represent the
to
() The counting numbers which are following sets :
(i) The fractions whose multiples of 6 and less than 50.
less than 10. numerator is 1, and whose denominator is a
counting number
(iin) (x:xe N and xis a prime
6), The set of odd integers lyingfactor of 84).
o The set of all between -4 and 8.
(vi) The set of all
natural numbers x for which x + 6 is
less than 10.
(vi) The set of all integers x for which x+ 6 is
greater than 10.
integers x for which x + 6 is less than 10.
(vii) The set of all integers xfor which
60- is a
natural number.
J) x:xeN and 4x-3< 15).
Jxi) (x:xe N, < 40)
ETS A-9
i) tz:xe Zand y< 16).
(zri) The set of all digits in our mumber system.
(zir) The set of all letters in the word TRIONOMETEY
(r) The set of all vowels in the Englsh alphabet which prerede 4
i) iz: x is a consonant in the English alphabet which precedes k
4. Write the following sets in the builder forrn :
() {1, 3, 5, 7,9, 11, 13 (i) 12, 4, 6, 8, ...
(ii) 13, 6, 9, 12, 15) () (2, 4,8, 16, 32, 64)
(o) 5, 25, 125, 625| (ti) {1, 4, 9, 16, .., 100;
(1 2 3 4
(rif) {1, 4,9, 16, 25, ....
5. Which of the following are examples of the nuliset?
() Set of even prime numbers.
(i) Set of odd natural numbers divisible by 2
(i) Set of all Indian kids 5 metres tall.
(io) z:xe N, I<5 and z> &).
() (z:zis apoint common to any two paralielstraight linest.
(oi) (z :xis a student of your school presertly studyíng in both classes Xi and XIl.
6. Which of the following sets are finite or infiníte?
() The set of days of a week
A) The set of numbers whích are multiples f7.
The set of animals living on Eartn.
The set of consonants in the English alphabet.
(o) The set of cirdes drawn in a plane.
fi) The set of prime numbers which are less than one crore.
7. Find the cardinal number of the following sets :
sy A=(L, 2, 2, 1, 3
(i), The set of all Indians having 8 legs.
e) The set of all letters in the word PRINCPAL
Avi) The set of all vowels in the word PRINCPAL
. 0) Wite the cardinal number ofthe set A, where A=f:xis a two digit number, sum
of whose digits is 8).
33
(ii) Write the cardinal number of the set of all integers x for which is a natural
number.
(ii) What is the cardinal number of the set X, where X= :xis a letter in the word
CHANDIGARH1?
9. Match each of the sets on the left desaribed in roster form with the same set on the rizht
described in set buílder form :
() (2, 31 a) :xe N and is a divisor of 6
(i) (5,-5 A6) r :xe N and is a prime divisor of 6
(ü) (1, 3, 51 c) :x is aletter in the word LITTLE)
(iz) (1, 2, 3, 6f ) :r is an odd natural number less than 6!
() {T, E, L, I ) x: is a root of the equation r- 25 = 0).
10. State which of the following statements are true and which are false. Justify your answer.
(6) 37 e(x:x has exactly two positive factors!
(i) 35 e r:r has exacly four positive factors]
(i) 496 e ty: the sum of all positive factors of yis 2y1.
A- 10 UNDERSTANDING ISC MATHEMATICS-
(iv) 3 e ( x : -5x3 + 2x2- 112x + 6 = 0}
Hint. (iii) 496 = 24 x 31, so all the positive factors of 496 are
1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 31, 62, 124, 248 and 496.
The sum of all the positive factors of 496
= 1+2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + 31 + 62 + 124 + 248 + 496 = 992 = 2x 496
’ 496 e (y : the sum of all positive factors of y is 2y).
Hence, the given statement is true.
11. Classify the following sets into finite set and infinite set. In case of finite sets,
the cardinal number. mention
() A = x:xe I, x <5).
(ii) A = (x:xe W, x is divisible by 4and 9).
(i) P = (x : x is an even prime number > 2).
(iv) F = (x:x E N andx is a factor of 84}.
(v) B = {x:x is atwo digit number, sum of whose digits is 12).
(vi) C = (r:xe W, 3x 7s8).
(vii) (x:x=5n, n e Nand x < 20).
(viii) (x:x= 5n, n e Iand x <20}.
11

n+1 ne Wand
a
ins1o.
2n
n+3
ne N
iand 5<n < 20.
EXERCISE 1.2
1. In the following, state whetlher ABor not :
() A (:X+23), B=(xxe N and Is lens than 2)
(i) A= r:xe Nand 3r- 1< 2), B= (xx e W
and 3r -1 <2)
(ii) A = x*e Nand is a prime factor of 36), B- (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12)
(in) A =x:xeI and a? s 4), B (x :xe R and a- 3x +2- 0)
() A = (2, 3) and B- (xx s a solutlon of a? +5x +6 - 0)
(vi) A = x:x is aletter in the word ILOYAL) and
B ly : y is aletter in the word ALLOY)
(vii) A = (xix is aletter in the word WOLF) and
B (y : yis a letter in the world FOLOW)
(vii) A = (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, ...)and B (xx s a multiple of 10}.
2. If A (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), B (2, 3, 4) and C- (2, 4, 5); state whether the following staternents
are true or false,
(i) A cC (ii) BcA (o) Bc C
() A c B
(u) CcA (v) C c B (vin) B- C (vii) cB
(ix) A B (x) B + C (xi) A C.
3. Use appropriate symbol 'e, , C, D, to fill in the blanks :
() 4 ..... (1, 2, 3, 4) (i) -5 . . .(2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
(ii) (2) .....(2, 3, 4) (in) (a, b, c .... 6, a, c
(v) (a, b, c ... a, b, b, a, c) (vi) (4, i, u) ..... a, a, i)
(vi) MUMBAI ... (x:x is a capital city of countries in Asia).
4. Examine whether the following statements are true or false :
() (4, b) c (b, G, a) (i) (1, 2, 3) c (1, 3, 5)
(i) lal c la, b, c) (iv) (a) e la, b, cl
(v) (a, e) c(xixis a vowel in the English alphabet)
(vi) (x:x is an even natural number less than 8) c r:x is a natural number which
divides 36}.
A- 18 UNDERSTANDING MATHEA
5, State whether each of the following statements is true or false :
() 2c (1, 2, 3) (i) (2) e (1, 2, 3) (ii) e (1, 2, 3)
(ie) 0e (o) (1, 2) c (1, (2, 3}) (vi) c (o).
6. Let A- (1, 2, (3, 4), 5). Which of the following statements are not
() 3, 4) c A (i) (3, 4) e A (ii) (13, 4}} CA true and why?
(ir) |1, 2, 5) cA (v) (1, 2, 5) e A (vi) (1, 2, 3} cA
(vi) 1e A (vi) 1cA (ix) e A
()cA (ri) lo) c A.
7. If (1, 2, 3, .., 10] and A={x lx is a prime factor of 66). List
8. Write down all the subsets of the following sets : the set A.
(i) (4, b) (ii) (iv) lo, 1}.
9. Write the power set of A, where A=(-1, 0, 2).
10. Write the number of proper subsets of A, where A
=-3, -1, 0, 1, 4)
11, If = 1, 2, 3, .., 40) and A= (x:x is a factor of 42), then
write n (A)
12. If=(all digits in our number system) and A=
(*:x is a multiple of 3).
13. Write the following sets as intervals : then write n
() x:xe R, -3 <x s5) (i) (x:xe R, -5<x<-1)
(ii) (x:xe R, 2S xs 7) (iv) (x:xe R, 0<x <3)
(o) (:xe R, xs5}
(vi) (x:xe R, x<-3}
(vi) (x:xe R,x2-2).
14. Write the following
intervals in set builder form :
(0 (-2, 0] () (2, 7) (i) (-5, -2] (iv) [-9, 4)
(o) (3, ) (oi) (-o, -1] (oi) (-, 4).
15. If E= (1, 2, 3, .., 12), A= (x I
2x +3s 18) and B= (x I
roster form. 2s40}; write Aand Bin the
16. Let - (0, 1, 2, 3, ...,
50), A=
B= (x:x= 7n, ne W) and(:=6n, C =(x:x is a
n e W)
() write the sets A, B factor of 72, then
and C in roster form
(ii) state n(A), n(B) and
n(C).
17. Given sets A= (1, 3,
be taken as 5), B={0, 2, 4, 6,8) and
universal C= 2, 3,4, 6], which of
set(s) for all the three sets A, B and C?
the following may
() {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8})
(ii) (ii) (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
(io) (0,
18, Given A =
(x:xis a letter in the word 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}.
() Express Ain roster
(i) Find the form. ACCUMULATOR)
cardinal
(i) Write down the number of the set of vowels in A.,
19. List all the proper power set of the set of vowels in A.
20. If the set Ahas five subsets (0, 1, 2, 3).
of
elements, how
many proper subsets will Ahave?many subsets will Ahave 2 IfA has six
1. Two finite sets have m element,
and kelements. If the
than the number of subsets of the number of subsets of
second set, then find the valuestheoffistmset is 11zu
and k.
EXERCISE 1.3
(2, 4, 6, S}, find
5, 6) and B =
1. If A = (1, 2, 3, 4, (i) ANB
(i) A -B (o) B - A
() AUB and 1 <rs 6) and
natural number
2. If A (r:r is a number and 6 <I< 10),
find
B= r:x is a natural
() ANB (i) A - B (i) B- A
() AUB
pairs of sets are disjoint?
3. Which of the following
() (4, e, i, o, u} and (c, d, e, fl
15)
() (2 6, 10, 14, 18) and (3, 7, 11,
4} and (x:r is anatural number and 4 Srs6!)
(ii) (1, 2, 3,
odd integer}.
(ip) (x: is an even integer) and x:z is an the folo
4. IFE = (L, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8), A = (1, 2, 3, 5, 6) and B= (2 3, 4, 7, 8), find
() AUB () ANB () A - B (ic) B- A () AnB
(v) (A U BY (oi) A' B (oi) A'UB (u) (A - Bf.
5. If Aand Bare two sets suh that A cB, then what is
() AUB? () ANB?
6. Taking the set of natural numbers as the universal set, wtite the complemenste
following sets :
() A = (:ris an odd natural number () B= :ris an even ratural
(ii) C= (r:r is a multiple of 5) (ic) D = r:risdivisible by 2 d3
(o) E= (r:r is a perfect cube} () F= : r +5 - 8}
(vii) G = r:r27) (rün) H = r:3r -1< 14.
7. Let be set of all triangles in a plane. If Ais the set of all triangles in that p
atleast one angle different from 60, what is A?
8. From the adjoining Venn diagram, determine the
following sets :
() AUB
(i) AnB
(ii) A-B
(io) (AnBY.
9. From the adjoining Venn diagram, write the
following :
() A
(ü) B'
(ii) (An BY.
SETS A-27

10. What is represented by the shaded regions ineach of the following Venn diagrams :
B
B

() (i1)

(ii) (iv)
11. If = :xe N, x<8, A=(r:8 <2<40) and B (x:x is an odd integer), then draw
aVenn-diagram to show the relationship between the given sets.
12. Let =r:xe N and x<10}, A=(x:x =2y +1 and y e N) and
B= (x:x =3y - 1l and y e NË, list the elements of A´ UB.
integer), then write the
13. If = (1, 2, 3, ..., 10), A =[x:r is prime) and B = x :x is even
following:
() A B (ii) An B'.
and B = (x :x< 25), then
14. If E= (all digits in our decimal system}, A = (r:x is prime),
write the following:
) B- A (ii) A UB (ii) (A U B).
15. Give an example of three sets A, Band Csuch that A # Bbut A-C=B-C.
following:
16. On the real axis, if A= (0, 3] and B = (2, 6], then write the
(ii) AnB (iüi) A -B (iv) B - A.
() AUB
then find the following:
17. On the real axis, if A= -1, 1) and B = [0, 4),
() A' (ii) B (ii) AUB (iv) An B (v) A - B (vi) B - A.
= the set of letters in the word
18. If A = the set of letters in the word JAIPUR' and B
JODHPUR", find the following :
(i1) AnB (ii) A - B (i) B - A.
() AUB
Also verify the following results :
(a) n (A U B) = n (A) + n(B) -n (An B)
(b) n (A - B) = n (A) n (A B) = n (A UB) n (B).
and C = {0, 3, 4, 6), form the
19. If = (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), A = (2, 5, 7}, B = {0, 2, 3, 7)
following sets :
() (AUB)' (i) A -C (ii) An(BUC).
2, 3, 4, 5} and
20. If E = (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, A = (1, 3, 5), B = (1,
C= (4, 6, 8), deterrmine each of the following set:
() A UC (ii) AUB (ii) BOC (io) An ¢
(u) AUA' (vi) A NA' (vi) A'UC (viii) A» UC
(ix) B'OC (x) (AUB) ^C (ri) (AN B) OC (xii) (A U B) ^(AUC).
5) and
21. Let A= (2x :xe N and 1 <x < 4), B = (x + 2; x e N and 2 Sx<
C= (r:xe N and 3 <r<6}, determine the following:
(1) An B (ü) AUB (i) (A U B) ^ C.
Also verify that n (AUB) = n (A) + n (B) - n (An B).
 UNDERSTANDING ISC MATHEMATICS-
A-28
of 2,
22. Let A = (r:xe N and x is a multiple
of 5) and
B-(x:xe N and x is a multiple
C= (r:re N and x is a multiple of 10}.
Write the set A n(BUC).
23. If = the set of all digits in our decimal system, A= :( x is prime) .
B= (:x is a perfect squarel, then verify the following
results
() AUA' =5 (i) An A' = (iii) A - B= AB
(ir) (An Bô = A'UB' () (A UB)' = A'N B (vi) (AY' = A.
24. Let E= (r:xe Nand xS 8l, A= (*:5 << 50} and B= (* :* is prime).
Draw a Venn diagram to show the relationship between the given sets. Hence, list the
elements of the following sets :
() A' (ü) B' (ii) A-B. Is A - B = A B'?
EXERCISE 1.4
1. IfA and Bare two sets uch that n(A) - 28, n(B) 32 and n(A UB) =50, find n(AOR
2. If Xand Yare two sets such that Xhas 21 elements, Yhas 32 elementsand X^Y hae
11elements, how manyelements does XUY have?
3. If n (A) - 20, n (B) 18 and n (ANB)5, caleulate
()n (AU B) (i) n(A - B) (i) n(8-A),
If n(AUB) -18, n(A - B) 5, n(B - A) 3, find n(A n B).
5. If Aand Bare two sets such that n(A -B) - 5, n(B - A) =3 arnd n(AMB) 10, then
find the following :
)n(AUB) (i) n (A) (t) n(B).
If n(E) 50, n(A) 28 and n(B)- 30, then what is the greatest value of n(AUB)?
7. lf n(E) =48 and n(A'U B) - 36, then find n(A NB).
8. If n (E) =40, n (A) =22, n (A NB) =8 and n ((A U BY) = 6, determine n (B).
9. If n(5) =50, n (A) 20, n (B) m26 and n ((A U BY) = 6, find
)n(A OB) (i) n(A- B),
10. If n(E) - 50, n (A) 30and n (B) - 28, find
() the greatest value of n (A UB) () the least value of n (A n B).
11. In a group of 400 people, 250 can speak Hindi and 200 can
speak both Hindi and English?
speak English. How many can
12. In a class of 60 students, 25 students play cricket and 20
10students play both the games. Find the number of students play tennis, and
students who play neither.
13. In a group of people, 50 people read newspaper A, 20 read
10 read both newspapers. How many people read newspaper B and
atleast one of the two newspapers?
14. In a group of 65 students, 40 like cricket, 10 like both
cricket and tennis. How many like
tennis only and not cricket? How many like tennis?
15. In class XI of a certain school, 50 students eat burger and 42
time. If 24 students eat both burger and noodles, find the students ofeat noodles in lunch
number students who eat
() burger only (i) noodles only (tii) any of the two food items?
16. In a survey of 600 students in a school, 150 students
225 drinking milk and 100 students were drinkingwere found to be drinking tea and
both tea and milk. How many
students were drinking neither tea nor milk?
What do you thínk which drink should a student prefer and
why? (Value Based)
17. In a survey of 60 people, it was found that 25 people read
Newspaper T, 26 read Newspaper I, 9 read both H and L, 11 readNewspaper
both H
H, 26 read
and T, 8 read
both T and I, 3 read all the three Newspapers. Find
() the number of people who read atleast one of
the three Newspapers.
(i) the number of people who read exactly one
Newspaper.
SETS A-39
18. In a survey of 100 students regarding watching TV, it was found that 28 watch action
movies, 30 watch comedy serials, 42 watch news channels, 8 watch action movies and
comedy serials, 10 watch action movies and news channels, 5 watch comedy serials and
news channels and 3watch all the three programs. Draw aVenn diagram to illustrate this
information and find
() how many watch news channels only?
(ii) how many do not watch any of the three programs?
19. In a survey of 25 studernts, it was found that 15 had taken Mathematics, 12 had taken
Physics and 11 had taken Chemistry, 5 had taken Mathematics and Chemistry, 9 had
taken Mathematics and Physic,4 had taken Physics and Chemistry and 3 had taken all
the three subjects. Find the number of students that had taken
() only Chemistry (i) only Mathematics
(ii) only Physics (iv) Physics and Chemistry but not Mathematics
(o) Mathematics and Physics but not Chemistry
(vi) only one of the subjects (vi) atleast one of the three subjects
(vi) none of the three subjects.
EXERCISE 1.5
1. State whether the following statements are true or false :
(i) AUA =A (ii) An A =¢ (iii) AU A' = (iv) AnA= ¢
() A CB’ A UB = B (vi) A CB ’ AnB= A
(vii) A n =A (vii) A U = A.
2. Fill in the blanks to make each of the following a true statement :
(i) ¢ A =... (ii) &nA =..
 UNDERSTANDING ISC MATHEMATICS
A-50
nB=AnC need not imply B = C.
3. Show that A 4}
(2, 3} andC= {0, 2,
Hint. Let A= (1, 2), B = An B, ANCaand B nC are
4. Find sets A, B
and Csuch that
non-empty and
A^BC= .
C be any sets; by drawing Venn diagram verify that
5. Let A, B and
AnBUC) = (AnB) U (A NC).
the following four conditions are equivalent :
6. Show that
() A cB (ii) A -B = (iii) A B= A (iv) AUB=B
SETS
A-51
CHAPTER TEST
1. Decide, among the following sets, which are subsets of
A= x:x is a solution of x?- 8x + 12 which.
-0), B - (2, 4, 6),
C= x is an even natural number), D = (6).
2. State whether each of the following
statements is true or false for the sets A and B where
A= (x:x is a letter in the word TRACT),
B=(x:x is a letter in the word CATARACT)
(i) n (A) - 5 (i) n (B) = 8 (ii) A c B
(iv) A is a proper subset of B
(o) A = B.
3. Let &= the set of all letters in the word
"TAMILNADU' and
X= x: x is a vowel and xe )
(i) Write and X in the roster form.
(ii) Tell n () and n (X).
(ii) List all the proper subsets of X.
(iv) What is the cardinal number of the power set of X?
4. Let A be the set of letters in the word "POOR". Write the
power set of A.
5. Find the power set of the set (-1, 0, 1).
6. If A = (2, 3, 5, 7, 8], B = (1, 5, 9} and A'= (1, 4, 6, 9), verify that
() (AUBô = A' ^ B (i) B- A= A' ^B.
Hint. =AUA'
7. () For all sets A, Band C, is A- (B - C) = (A - B) C true? Justify your answer.
(i) State whether the following statement is true or false. Justify your answer.
If A ¢ B and B C then A ¢ C.
8. If n() =30, n(A) =15, n(B) =5 and n(A nB) =3, find
() n (A) (i) n (A U B) (ii) n (A - B).
9. If n (E) = 40, n (A UB)) = 12, n (A - B) = 10 and n (B - A) = 14, find
() n (A) (ii) n (B) (ii) n(A nB).
10. Two sets Aand Bare such that n (A U B) =18, n (A'n B) =3 and n(AN B) =5,
find n (ANB).
Hint. A'NB= B - Aand AnB' =A - B.
11. Two sets A and B are such that n(A UB) = 21, n (AO B) = 9 and n (AN B) = 7,
find n(AnB)).
Hint. n(A' NB) =9 n(AUB)) =9 (using De Morgan law):
Now n(E) = n(AUB) + n(A U B)) = 21 +9.
:. n(An B)) = n(E) - n(ANB).
12. If n(E)= 50, n(A) =3x, n(B) =2r and n(A OB) =x=n (A U
BY), find
() the value of x () n (A - B).
 UNDERSTANDING ISC
A-52 -
13. Ifn(E) = 15, Aand Barefwo sets such that AcB, n(A) = 8 andn (B) = 12, use Venn MATHEMATICS
diagram to find the following :
() n(B)
(i)n (A OB) (iv) n (A' nB).
() n (A)
14. In asurvev of 400 students in aschool, 100 were listed as drinking coffee, 150 ass drinking
well as tea. Find how many students were
tea and 73 were listed both coffee as
neither coffee nor tea. drinking
15. In an examination, 56 per cent of the candidates failed in English and 48 per cent failed
in Saence. If 18 per cent failed in both English and Science, find the percentage of those
whopassed in both the subjects.
16. From amongst the 6000 literate individuals of acity, 50/% read
newspaper A, 459% o
individuals read bofl
newspaper B and 25f% read neither A nor B. How many
newspapers A as well as B ?
2
17. In a beauty contest, half the number of judges voted for Miss A, of them vOted &.
Miss B. 10 voted for both and 6 did not vote for either MissA or Miss B. Find how ma.
udzes, in al, were present there.
16. In agroup of 50 students, the number of students studying French, Ernglish and Sanskrit
were found to be as follows:
French = 17, English= 13, Sanskrit =15;
French and English = 9, English and Sanskrit = 4, French and Sanskrit = 5:
English, French and Sanskrit =3.
Find the umber of students who study :
) French only (i) French and Sanskrit but not English
() English only (io) French and English but not Sanskrit
() Sarskrit only (oi) English and Sanskrit but not French
(o) atleast one of the three languages
(oi) nne c the three languages.
19. If Aand Bare two sets sudh that n(A) = 10 and n
(B) =7, then find:
() the least value of n(An B)
() the greatest value of n(A B)
(i) the greatest value of n(A UB) (iv) the least value of n(AUB).
ANSWERS
EXERCISE 1.1
1 (), (), (o), (on) and (in) are sets
2. (0, i), (in) are true
(ic) is not true because 9 e A
(c) is not true because 3) is a
set and not an element
(c) is not true because (5, 7} is a set
3. (9 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42,
48] 1 1
(ii) (2, 3, 71 G)5E
(o) -3, -1, 1, 3, 5, 7);
(b {5,6, 7, ..) (oin) .., -1, 0, 1, 2, 3) (o) (1, 2, 31
(iz) (9, 1, 2, 3, 4) ) {1, 2, 3, 4) (oii) (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15,
(i) (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) 20, 30, 60]
(zi) -3, -2 -1, 0, 1, 2, 3)
(riti) {0, 1, 2, ..., 9)
SETS
A-53
(xiv) (T, R, I, G, O, N, M, E, Y
(xv) (4, e, i, o}
(xvi) (b, c, d, f g, h, j)
4, (i) (x:x is an odd natural number less than 14)
(ii) (x: x is an even natural number) (iii) (x:x = 3n, ne N and ns5)
(iv) (x:x= 2", n e N and ns6) (v) (x:x = 5": ne Nand ns4)
(vi) (x: x = 1", ne N and ns 10} (vi) (x:x= n2, ne N)
n+]"e N
5. (i), (ii), (iv), (o), (vi)
6. (i) finite (ii) infinite (ii) finite (iv) finite () infinite (vi) finite
7. () 0 (ii) 1 (i) 3 (iv) 0 () 7 (vi) 2
8. () 8 (i) 8 (i) 8
9. () matches (b), (ii) matches (e), (iüi) matches (d), (iv) matches (a), () matches (c).
10. () False (ii) True (ii) True (iv) True
11. () infinite (ii) infinite (iii) finite; 0 (iv) finite; 12 (o) finite; 7
(vi) finite; 6 (vii) finite; 3 (viii) infinite (ix) finite, 11 () finite; 14
EXERCISE 1.2
1. () A= B (i) A# B (ii) A B (i0) A # B () AB (vi) A = B
(vii) A = B (vii) A B
2. (1) False () False (iii) True (iv) False (o) True (v) False
(vi) False (x) False (x) True (xi) False
(vii) True
3. () e (ii) (ii) c (iv) = () =
4. (i) False (ii) False (ii) True (iv) False () True (vi) True
5. () False (ii) False (üi) False (io) False (o) False (vi) True
6. (), (0), (vi), (oii), (ix) and (*i)
7. A = (2, 3)
8. () , (a) () 6, (a), (), (4, b) (in) (io) ¢, ($), (1), (9, 1)
9. (0, (-1), {0}, (2), (-1, 0}, (-1, 2), (0, 2), {-1, 0, 2})
10. 31 11. 7 12. 4
13. () (-3, 5] (ii) (-5, -1) (ii) [2, 7] (iv) [0, 3)
(o) (-oo, 5] (vi) (-o, -3) (vii) [-2, oo)
14. () (x:xe R,-2 <xs0} (i) (x:xe R, 2<x<7)
(iii) (x:xe R, -5<xs-2} (io) (x:xe R, -9sx<4)
(v) (x:xe R, x> 3} (vi) (x:xe R, xS-1}
(vi) (x:xe R, x <4}
15. A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} and B= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
16. () A= {0,6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48), B= (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49)
and C = (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36}
(ii) 9; 8; 11
17. (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}
18. (i) A= (A, C, U, M, L, T, O, R} (i) 3
(i) (o. (A), (U), (O), (A, U), (A, O), {U, O), (A, U, O}
19. ¢, (0), (1), (2), (3), {0, 1}, (0, 2), (0, 3), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 3), (0, 1, 2}, (0, 1, 3), (0, 2, 3),
{1, 2, 3}
20. 32; 63 21. m = 7, k= 4
 A-54
EXERCISE 1.3 3, 5) (n) (8)
6, 8) ) (2, 4, 6} (m) (1,
1. 0 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, () (ii) A (iu) B
2. () (2. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
3. (u) and (e) (u) (1, 5, 4
() 12, 3/ (un) (1, 5, 6) () (4, 7, 8|
4. ()5
(ui)
8} (ix) (2, 3, 4,7, 8
(ui) (2, 3, 4, 7,
5. () B (i) A
natural number
6. () A (1:X 0s an even
natural number
n) B r:xis an odd
not a multiple of 5)
() C' =[r:re N and x is
divisible by 6)
(n) D' - a:re N and x is not
(o) E :re Nand xis not aperfect cubel
(r) F (r:re Nand x 3)
(v) G 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
(oui) H= (x:xe Nand x 5).
7. The set of all equilateral triangles
8. (9 (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8] () (1, 7) (in) (2, 4 (io) (0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9;
9. (9 1,5,6, 7,9) (i) 1, 2, 4, 7, 9) (i) (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,9)
10. () (A - B) U(B - A) () A UB^C)
(in) (A nC) U(BNC)or (A UB) nC(o) (An B) U
(C^ B) or (A U)OE
11. A

6 7
5
8
2

12. (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 5) 13. () (3, 5, 7} ) (3, 5, 7)

14. () 10, 1, 4) () (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7) i) (6, 8, 9}
15. A= (1, 24, B= (1, 3} and C= (0, 2, 3)
16. () (0, 6}] () (2, 3] () (0, 2) (io) (3, 6]
17. () (- a, 1) U [1, -) (6) (-o, 0) U4, ) (i) (-1, 4]
(iv) [0, 1) (o) -1, 0) (v) [1, 4]
18. () J, A, I, P, U, R, 0, D, HÊ () , P, U, R} (i) (A, I) () (0, D, H}
19. () (1, 4, 6} () (2, 5, 7) (i) (2, 7)
20. () (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 81 (i) B (i) (4) (p) o
(o)E (o)
(vi) {0, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9; (vin) E ix) (0, 7, 9) ) 14) (rn) A (xi) (1, 3, 45)
21. () (4, 6) () (2, 4, 5, 6) (i) (4, 5)
22. (10, 20, 30, ...)
24. () (1, 2, 8)
(i) (1, 4, 6, 8) 2
(ii) 14, 6) ;Yes

EXERCISE 1.4
1. 10 2. 42 3. () 33 () 15 (i) 13 4. 10
5. ()18 (i) 15 (i) 13 6. 50 7. 12 8. 20
SETS
A 65
9. () 2 () 18 10. () 50 ()8 11. 0 12. 25
13. 60 14. 25; 35
15. () 26 (i) 18 (in) 68
16. 325; Students should prefer milk because it keeps ady
and all nutrients. Milk is a complete food. healthy and fit provides energy
17. (i) 52 (i) 30
18. () 30 () 20
10. () 5 () 4 (m)
(in) 2 (iv) 1 () 6 () 11 (ri)
(en) 23 (on) 2
EXERCISE 1.5
1. () True () False (in) True (ie) True (o) True (e) True
(vi) False (vin) True
2. () A ()
4. We may take A= (1, 21, B= (2, 3| and C- (1, 31. Answer is not unique
CHAPTER TEST
1. Ac B, A cC, B cCD A, Dc B, D cC
2. () False (ii) False (ü) True (ir) False () True
3. ) E =(T, A, M, I, L, N, D, U), X= (A, I, U)
(i) n (E) = 8, n (X) =3 (in) , (A], (1, (U), (A, I), (A, U), (L U) (r) 8
(o, (P), (O), (R), (P, O), (P, R), (O, R), (P, 0, RI)
5. (0. (-1), (0}, (1), (-1, 0), (0, 1), (-1, 1), (-1, 0, 1})
7. () No; take A = (1, 2), B= (2, 3) and C - (1, 3)
(ii) False; take A = (1], B = (2, 3) and C - (1, 3)
Here, A B and B Cbut A c C
(ii) 12 9. () 14 (i) 18 (in) 4
8. () 15 (ü) 17
10. 10 11. 23 12. () 10 (i) 20
(iin) 0 (iv) 4 14. 225
13. (1) 7 (i) 3
16. 1200 17, 24
15. 14% () 9
(ü) 2 (iüi) 3 (iv) 6
18. () 6
(vi) 1 (vii) 30 (vii) 20
7(when Bc A)
19. () 0 (when A OB =) (i) 10 (whenBc A)
17 (when A ^ B = ) (iv)
(i)