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Geography Presentation

The document discusses key concepts relating to population including: 1. It introduces population as an important element in social studies and discusses how human beings use natural resources. 2. The objectives of studying population are outlined as understanding population size and distribution, population growth and changes, and population characteristics. 3. India's population growth is discussed, noting that as of 2022 India has surpassed China as the world's most populous nation with over 1.4 billion people. Key population processes of birth, death, and migration are also summarized.

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45 views15 pages

Geography Presentation

The document discusses key concepts relating to population including: 1. It introduces population as an important element in social studies and discusses how human beings use natural resources. 2. The objectives of studying population are outlined as understanding population size and distribution, population growth and changes, and population characteristics. 3. India's population growth is discussed, noting that as of 2022 India has surpassed China as the world's most populous nation with over 1.4 billion people. Key population processes of birth, death, and migration are also summarized.

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gyu :
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GEOGRAPHY

POPULATION
INTRODUCTION
Population is a crucial element in social studies.
Human beings are producers and consumers of
the earth’s resources.
People have invented technology and made
natural resources useful to them. For example,
coal was a piece of rock until people invented
technology and made it a ‘resource’.
It is important to know how many people are
there in a country, where they live, how and why
their numbers are increasing and what are their
characteristics.
Population help you understand population size
and distribution, population growth and
processes of population change, and at the end,
characteristics of the population.
OBJECTIVES
Population size and distribution: How many people
are there and where are they located?
Population growth and processes of population
change: How has the population grown and changed
through time?
Characteristics or qualities of the population: What
are their age, sex composition, literacy levels,
occupational structure and health conditions?
As of March 2011, India’s population
was 1,210.6 million which accounts
for 17.5% of the world’s population.
Uttar Pradesh is the most populous
state of India as it counts about 16%
of the country’s population.
Almost half of India’s population
lives in just five states which are
Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar,
West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh.
India has already The South Asian nation’s

surpassed China as the population stood at 1.417

world’s most-populous billion as of end 2022,

nation in a milestone that according to estimates

adds urgency for Prime from the World Population

Minister Narendra Modi to


Review, an independent

create more jobs and


organization focused on

ensure the country sustains


census and demographics.
its world-beating growth.
Birth

Population Growth and


Processes of
Population Change
The numbers, distribution and
Death
composition of the population are
constantly changing. This is the
influence of the interaction of the
three processes

Migration
POPULATION GROWTH

Growth of population refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a


country/territory during a specific period of time. This change can be expressed in 2 ways:

PERCENTAGE
01 ABSOLUTE NO.S
The absolute numbers are
02 CHANGE PER YEAR
It is studied in percent per
obtained by subtracting the annum, e.g. a rate of increase
earlier population (e.g. that of of 2 per cent per annum means
2001) from the later that in a given year, there was
population (e.g. that of 2011). an increase of two persons for
every 100 persons in the base
population. This is referred to
as the annual growth rate.
PROCESSES OF POPULATION
CHANGE/GROWTH

BIRTH RATE DEATH RATE MIGRATION


Birth rate is the number Death rate is the number Migration is the
of live births per of deaths per thousand movement of people
thousand persons in a persons in a year. across regions and
year. In India, birth rates territories. Migration can
have always been higher be internal (within the
than death rates. country) or international
(between the countries).
It influences the
distribution of population
within the nation.
India Age Composition

Adults
Aged
Children

Adults 58.70%

Aged 6.90%

Children 34.40%
India Age Composition

The productive age Group who


can contribute to the economy
in India is 34%
The aged can be productive,
but most of them are retired
and not available for
recruitment
Children are not eligible for
productive work as India
doesn’t support Child labour
Sex Ratio Literacy Rates

It is defined as the number of females per According to the Census 2011, a person
1000 males in the population. aged 7 years and above, who can read and
write with understanding in any language,
Sex Ratio is an important social indicator is treated as literate.
to measure the extent of equality between India’s literacy rate is 73% as per the
males and females in a society at a given census of 2011.
time.
OCCUPATIONAL STRUCTURE

The distribution of the population according to


different type of occupation is referred to as the
occupational structure
1. Primary
Activity
Include- agriculture, animal
husbandry, forestry, fishing,
mining, etc.

2. Secondary
TYPES OF
Activity
Include- manufacturing industry,

OCCUPATIONAL
building and construction work,

etc.

STRUCTURE 3. Tertiary
Activity
Include- transport,

communications, commerce,

administration and other

services.

There has been an occupation shift in favour of secondary and tertiary


sectors because of growing industrialisation and urbanisation in recent times.
Health
Health is an important component of population
composition, which affects the process of
development. The substantial improvement in
Public Health in our country is the result of many
factors such as:
Prevention of infectious diseases
Application of modern medical practices in
diagnosis and treatment of ailments

THANK YOU!

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