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Tour and Travel Agency A Project Report: Tribhuvan University Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

This document summarizes a project report submitted by Renu L.G. to the Department of Computer Application at Kathmandu Bernhardt College in partial fulfillment of a Bachelor's degree in Computer Applications. The project involved developing a tour and travel agency system. The report includes approval letters from the project supervisor and department head. It also provides an abstract, acknowledgements, table of contents, and chapters on background/literature review, system analysis and design, implementation and testing, and conclusions.

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Pramesh Dhami
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
140 views

Tour and Travel Agency A Project Report: Tribhuvan University Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

This document summarizes a project report submitted by Renu L.G. to the Department of Computer Application at Kathmandu Bernhardt College in partial fulfillment of a Bachelor's degree in Computer Applications. The project involved developing a tour and travel agency system. The report includes approval letters from the project supervisor and department head. It also provides an abstract, acknowledgements, table of contents, and chapters on background/literature review, system analysis and design, implementation and testing, and conclusions.

Uploaded by

Pramesh Dhami
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

“Tour and Travel Agency”

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted to

Department of Computer Application

Kathmandu Bernhardt College

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor in Computer Applications

Submitted by:

Renu L.G. 4610539

Under Supervision of

Sarita Neupane

August 2022
Tribhuwan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Kathmandu Bernhardt College

SUPERVISOR’S RECOMMENDATION

I hereby recommend that this project prepared under my supervision by Renu L.G.
entitled “TOUR AND TRAVEL AGENCY” in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of Bachelor of Computer Application is recommended for the final
evaluation.

………………………

SUPERVISOR

Sarita Neupane

Bachelor in Computer Applications

Kathmandu Bernhardt College


Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Kathmandu Bernhardt College

LETTER OF APPROVAL

This is to certify that this project prepared by Renu L.G. entitled “TOUR AND
TRAVEL AGENCY” in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
Bachelor in Computer Applications has been evaluated. In our opinion it is satisfactory in
the scope and quality as a project for the required degree.

Sarita Neupane, Lecturer Rambabu Mahato, HOD

BCA, Kathmandu Bernhardt College BCA, Kathmandu Bernhardt College

Internal Examiner External Examiner


ABSTRACT
Most of the people in this world like to travel from one place to another no matter
whether it is a small or large distance. The need for a tour and travel agency system that
can manage tourism information with ease is sought after by every tour management
company. Tour and travel agency system is a dynamic website for tourism business. This
travel and tourism application is designed by which they can manage different tour
packages based on the destinations. By using this, the tour company can tailor tour
packages spanning various destinations at almost every price point. This also
implemented search module allows the administrator to find and update or upgrade the
tour packages with ease. This module can also even be extended to a customer application
page by which customers can find the right tour package for them at every budget,
depending on the tour locations. The main purpose is to help tourism companies to
manage tour packages. The system can also be used for both professional and business
trips. The proposed system maintains a centralized repository to make necessary travel
arrangements and to retrieve information easily.
Keywords: Content based Filtering, Booking, Tour Package, Travel, Tourists.

I
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
To complete this project, many people have helped. I would like to thank each one of
them who are related to this project.

Primarily, I would like to thank the supervisor of this project, Ms. Sarita Neupane. I
would also like to express my gratitude to our lecturers Mr. Kumar Prasun and
Mr.Abhimanu Yadav under whose guidance, I learned a lot about this project and who
always helped me without hesitation. I won’t forget to thank our Head of Department,
Rambabu Mahato for his suggestion throughout the project. Their suggestions and
directions have helped a lot in the completion of this project.

Finally, I would like to thank all my lecturers and friends, who always supported me with
their valuable suggestions and guidance and have been very helpful in various stages of
project completion.

Renu L.G. (4610539)

II
Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT................................................................................................ii

LIST OF FIGURES..........................................................................................................iii

LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................iv

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS...........................................................................................v

Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................1

1.1 Introduction................................................................................................................1

1.2 Problem Statement.....................................................................................................1

1.3 Objectives...................................................................................................................2

1.4 Scope and Limitation.................................................................................................2

1.4.1 Scope...................................................................................................................2

1.4.2 Limitation............................................................................................................2

1.5 Development Methodology........................................................................................3

1.6 Report Organization...................................................................................................4

Chapter 2: Background Study and Literature Review..................................................5

2.1 Background Study......................................................................................................5

2.2 Literature Review.......................................................................................................5

Chapter 3: System Analysis and Design..........................................................................7

3.1 System Analysis.........................................................................................................7

3.1.1 Requirement Analysis.........................................................................................7

3.1.2 Feasibility Analysis.............................................................................................8

3.1.3 Data Modeling: ER Diagram...............................................................................8


iii
3.1.4 Process Modeling: DFD......................................................................................9

3.2 System Design..........................................................................................................12

3.2.1 Architectural Design..........................................................................................12

3.2.2 Database Schema Design..................................................................................12

3.2.3 Interface Design (UI/UX)..................................................................................14

3.2.4 Physical Data Flow Diagram.............................................................................16

3.3 Algorithm Details.................................................................................................16

Chapter: 4 Implementation and Testing........................................................................18

4.1 Implementation........................................................................................................18

4.1.1 Tools and Technologies Used...........................................................................18

4.1.2 Implementation Details of Modules..................................................................19

4.2 Testing......................................................................................................................20

4.2.1 Test Cases for Unit Testing...............................................................................20

4.2.2 System Testing..................................................................................................23

Chapter 5: Conclusion and Future Recommendations................................................24

5.1 Conclusion................................................................................................................24

5.2 Outcomes/lesson Learnt...........................................................................................24

5.3 Future Recommendations.........................................................................................24

References
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Waterfall Model for Software Development Process...........................................3
Figure 2: Use Case Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency....................................................7
Figure 3: ER Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency..............................................................9
Figure 4: Context diagram of Tour and Travel Agency.....................................................10
Figure 5: Logical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency..........................................................11
Figure 6: Architectural Design of Tour and Travel Agency..............................................12
Figure 7: Database Schema of Tour and Travel Agency...................................................13
Figure 8: Homepage of Tour and Travel Agency..............................................................14
Figure 9: Signup page of Tour and Travel Agency............................................................14
Figure 10: Login page of Tour and Travel Agency............................................................15
Figure 11: Physical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency.......................................................16

iii
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Test Cases for unit Testing 20

iv
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CSS Cascading Style Sheet

DFD Data Flow Diagram

ER Entity-Relationship (Diagram)

CF Content Filtering

HTML Hypertext Markup Language

HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol

JS JavaScript

SQL Structured Query Language

UI User Interface

UX User Experience

v
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
Tour and travel agency refers to traveling around from place to place, a long journey
including the visiting of a number of places in sequence, especially with an organized
group led by a guide. Travel agents help their clients make travel plans. In addition to
booking reservations, they assist customers in choosing their destination, transportation,
and lodging and inform travellers of requirements and their duties.Tourism has turned out
to be an economic booster contributing to the economic development of many countries
over the last few decades. People see holidays as a necessity, and not as luxury in the
present scenario. Tourism calls for coordination and cooperation between travel agents,
tour operators, and tourists.
Tourism has a few major elements − destinations, attractions, sites, accommodation, and
all ancillary services. The need for a robust and dynamic tour management application
has been around since the advent of the tourism concept. Thus, we have developed an
application to provide the best travelling services to the customers and travel agents. Tour
and Travel Agency provides a search platform where a tourist can find their tour places
according to their choices. This system also helps to promote responsible and interesting
tourism so that people can enjoy their holidays at their favorable places and develop
tourism with different cultures so that they enrich the tourism experience and build pride.
This System is a web-based application. The objective of this project is to develop a
system that automates the processes and activities of a travel agency. It is tedious for a
customer to plan a particular journey and have it executed properly. This project is
developed to replace the currently existing system, which helps in keeping records of the
customer details of destination as well as payment received. The proposed system is
highly automated and makes the travelling activities much easier and flexible. This
project is designed with SQL Server as back end. All the data will be stored in the server
and in case of any data losing situation, a backup will be available by this server.

1.2 Problem Statement


The main purpose of the study was to find out how the current travelling sites are
operating. It turns out that most of the travelling sites are outdated and have boring
UI/UX.

1
They lack the necessary information a traveler would look for before travelling. They
don’t have transparency about their packages and itinerary. Tourists find out difficulties
in planning their trip. It’s very hard to collect the full information and costs much time
even for few information. Tourist Need to base on the paper of map or human instructor.
It becomes really hazel and inconvenient for the tourist when there is lack of information.
So, we figured out our travel site can pick up on those issues and help tourists get all the
information they need before travelling.

1.3 Objectives
The objectives of Tour and Travel Agency are as follows:

1. To provide travelers with all the information they need before travelling.

2. To maintain transparency about the travelling packages & itinerary.

3. To ensure safe traveling.

1.4 Scope and Limitation

1.4.1 Scope

The field of tour and travel agency primarily deals with taking care of tourist, hospitality
management, travel management etc. Tour and Travel Agency is an integrated software
developed for tour operating companies. The main aim of this project is to help the
tourism companies to manage their customers, vehicles, and agent. It makes all operation
of the tour company easy and accurate. The standalone platform makes tourism
management easy by handing agencies requests and providing servers for the customers
located at different party of the various cities. Different modules have been incorporated
in this project to handle different parts and sector of the tour management field.

1.4.2 Limitation

1. It does not provide the information of all places in Nepal.


2. It does not have online payment.

2
1.5 Development Methodology
Waterfall Model is used to develop this system. In waterfall model, each phase must be
completed before next phase can begin and there is no overlapping in the phases. This
means, output of previous phase works as input to another phase.

Figure 1: Waterfall Model for Software Development Process

The Tour and Travel Agency system is developed using waterfall model. The reason for
choosing this approach is its simplicity. Likewise, we were accustomed with the
objectives and intended course of action that were going to follow to make this project a
reality. Hence, waterfall model seemed to be the best method to implement this project.
The major steps that we undertook while following waterfall model of development are
as follows:

Planning: In this phase, we just planned about what and how our system will be. We
tried to get an idea from the surroundings and nearby people. Also, we tried to gather
facts about why do we really need this system.

Analysis: Here, we analyzed old projects, currently used systems and what problems we
faced. We analyzed the need and requirements of potential customers and their
expectations from the system. With combined and processed facts, we finalized some
3
requirements for our project. Later we decided requirements, target users and targeted
platforms for our system.

Design: In design phase, we designed database schemas, interface designs, process


modeling etc. In short, we designed everything from how our system will look alike to
how it’ll work. Also, we designed workflows and architectural designs of our system.

Implementation: Finally, we moved to our coding, and testing part. We used previous
phase's outputs as input to this phase. That means, we implemented each studies and
designs made earlier. Not only that, we even tested our system by preparing different test
cases for unit and system testing.

1.6 Report Organization


This project report is divided into five chapters. The chapters are as follows:

Chapter 1: Introduction – This chapter contains brief introduction about the project.

Chapter 2: Background Study and Literature Review – This chapter contains


information that we acquired from background studies and literature reviews on similar
projects.

Chapter 3: System Analysis and Design – The analysis part of the system along with
the design process is mentioned in this chapter.

Chapter 4: Implementation and Testing – The implementation of the system and the
testing results have been included in this chapter.

Chapter 5: Conclusion and Future Recommendations – The summary of the project


along with the improvements and recommendations for future projects have been
mentioned in this chapter.

4
CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND STUDY AND LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1 Background Study
Tourism is one of the most important income sources for the nation. Nepal, with its
natural wonders as well as man-made attractions, has the edge to become a premier
tourist destination in Asia despite fierce competition from neighboring countries. This
higher arrival of foreign tourists can be attributed to the aggressive campaigns undertaken
by the government that had been in place in the last few years. The allocation for the
development of the tourism industry has also been steadily increased in view of
Malaysia's vast potential in the business. Indeed, tourism is a big business as it was
already the third biggest foreign exchange earner in Malaysia, after the export of
industrial goods and primary commodities. Realizing this, the government is sparing no
effort in promoting the tourism industry by granting various development and tax
incentives to boost the sector, which is fast becoming a lucrative venture for local
entrepreneurs

2.2 Literature Review


 Potentially, all current travel and tourism transactions can be performed on-line on the
Internet. The opportunity presented by the industry, now the biggest in the world, is huge.
The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) reported in World Economic Impact in
1998 that Travel and Tourism – encompassing transport, accommodation, catering,
recreation and services for travelers – is expected to grow to US$ 10.0 trillion of
economic activity and 328 million jobs by 2010 [1].

The development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and


particularly the Internet has had a profound impact on the travel industry. These
developments have changed travelers’ behavior that now depend on the Internet to search
for information, plan their travel, and purchase. Over a decade ago, Werthner and Klein
had already stressed that tourism and ICTs fit well together since travel products and
services have the ideal characteristics to be sold online. Predictions that the Internet
would have an enormous impact on how hospitality and tourism services are distributed

5
are certainly proved true Different sources evidence the importance of online travel
shopping [2].

Tourism is one of the industries that has shown great growth over the years as a source of
income and development of new technologies. This industry generates a large direct and
indirect impact on the world economy and promotes local development through the
creation of jobs and the sustainable use of the resources available in the regions.
However, tourism development is limited by the infrastructure and transport network in
the tourist area. Therefore, transportation plays a crucial role in terms of accessibility to
points of interest (POI) and in some cases defines the attractiveness of these sites. Also,
there are restrictions on supply and access to information for supply chain actors;
generally, tourist packages and static routes are designed, which show the lack of tools
that allow planning the travel itinerary with real-time information. All these aspects limit
the ability to respond positively to the shift from mass tourism to an independent travel
market under the new orientation of personalized tour itineraries [3].

Leisure travelers increasingly prefer to book hotel online when considering the
convenience and cost/time saving. This research examines the direct and mediating
effects of brand image, perceived price, trust, perceived value on consumers' booking
intentions and compares the gender differences in online hotel booking. The outcomes
confirm most of the direct and indirect path effects and are consistent with findings from
previous studies. Consumers in Taiwan tend to believe the hotel price is affordable, the
hotel brand is attractive, the hotel is trustworthy, the hotel will offer good value for the
price and the likelihood of their booking intentions is high. Brand image, perceived price,
and perceived value are the three critical determinants directly influencing purchase
intentions. However, the impact of trust on purchase intentions is not significant. The
differences between males and females on purchase intentions are not significant as well.
Managerial implications of these results are discussed [4].

In Nepal too, the tour management platform seems relevant. Nepal is a beautiful naturally
gifted country that has great potential for the tourism industry. After a glorious success of
past Tourism Year Visit Nepal 2011 and Visit Nepal 1998, a new tourism campaign was
announced. The objectives of Visit Nepal 2020 were to promote Nepal as a Tourism
Destination. Hence, named the Nepal tourism year 2020 to “Visit Nepal 2020” [5].

6
7
Chapter 3: System Analysis and Design
3.1 System Analysis
3.1.1 Requirement Analysis

i) Functional Requirements

Figure 2: Use Case Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency


The above use case diagram shows the functional requirement of the TTA management
system. It is clearly exhibited that the system consists of two actors – user and admin. The
admin has all administrative controls and privileges whereas user is the member of the
system. Admin can approve users’ booking package control their rights, and manage user
in the system. Users can register and login in the system.

8
ii) Non-functional Requirements
I. Availability: The system is developed as a web application and can be used
online.
II. Security: The system is secure and data isn’t shared with third party.
Likewise, only authorized entities have access to the data.
III. Performance: The system is designed for smooth performance with
optimization.
IV. Reliability: The system is reliable and gives the same result irrespective of
the user if same operations are done.

3.1.2 Feasibility Analysis

i. Technical
The Tour and Travel Agency system is a technically feasible project as it uses
open-source, free and readily available components and programming languages.
It is built using HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, JavaScript, PHP and MySQL.
ii. Operational
The Online Tour and Travel Agency system will be developed in inter and
intranet operability environment. The end user application part will be developed
by using open source software and database will be hosted and managed by
MySQL, a free version of Microsoft server.
iii. Economical
In order to create an Online Tour and Travel Agency system, the important thing
is economic feasibility. How the budget is utilized and where it is being utilized is
an important thing to be considered. Most of the system budget is used for testing
and backend activities.

3.1.3 Data Modeling: ER Diagram

Data modeling is used for representing entities and their relationship in the database. ER
(Entity Relationship) Model can be referred to as a Data Model. E-R Model is a popular
high-level conceptual data model. This model and its variations are frequently used for
the conceptual design of database applications and many database design tools employ its
concept.

9
Figure 3: ER Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency
In the above figure show ER diagram of Tour and Travel Agency. It shows the physical
representation of database. In this figure there are five entities with their attribute. Every
entity has each attribute user can book the packages and etc. The above ER diagram
shows relationship among these entities and also their degree.

3.1.4 Process Modeling: DFD

A data flow diagram is a graphical tool used to describe and analyze the movement of
data through the system. These are a central tool and the basis from which components
are developed. The transformation of data from input to output, through processed, may
be described logically and independently of physical components associated with the
system. These are known as logical data flow diagrams.

10
Figure 4: Context diagram of Tour and Travel Agency
In the above figure, it shows the context level DFD of TTA. In this figure user can book
packages and also login and signup in the system. User can view details of package and
admin can add packages and manage packages in the system. Admin can also login in the
system. Context level DFD is the overall view of system.

11
Figure 5: Logical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency
The above figure shows the level 1 DFD of Tour and Travel Agency system. It shows the
more details view then context level. In this figure there are four process and each have
own database its work with the database.

12
3.2 System Design
3.2.1 Architectural Design

Architectural design is considered the basis and the first phase before bringing the idea to
reality. In the same way, it mixes design, understood as the creative process, and
architecture, which is based on the creation and presentation of solutions at a technical
level.

Figure 6: Architectural Design of Tour and Travel Agency

3.2.2 Database Schema Design

Database schema design represents the actual database schema used in an application.
Actual fields, data types, relationships are represented clearly so anyone can understand
what data is being stored and where in the designed system.

13
Figure 7: Database Schema of Tour and Travel Agency
The above figure shows the database relation in the system. In this system there are seven
table like tbluser, admin, tbltourpackage etc. In this schema every table have primary key
(ID). It denotes its only one attribute of table.

14
3.2.3 Interface Design (UI/UX)

Interface Design focuses on anticipating what users might need to do and ensuring that
the interface has elements that are easy to access, understand, and use to facilitate those
actions. UI brings together concepts from interaction design, visual design, and
information architecture.

Figure 8: Homepage of Tour and Travel Agency

Figure 9: Signup page of Tour and Travel Agency

15
Figure 10: Login page of Tour and Travel Agency

16
3.2.4 Physical Data Flow Diagram

Figure 11: Physical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency


The above diagram shows the physical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency It shows the
more details view then context level. In this figure there are four process and each have
own database its work with the database.

3.3 Algorithm Details


The Tour and Travel Agency system makes the use of Content Filtering (CF) algorithm
for package recommendation. Content Filtering is a technique used by recommender
systems. It is a technique that uses similarities in features to make decisions. This
technique is used in recommender systems, which are algorithms designed to advertise or
recommend things to users based on knowledge.

Content Filtering (CF) filters the content from the given datasets and recommends the
most similar item to the user. The underlying assumption of the content filtering is that if
the person A has interest in a package with certain package location, package price, and

17
package features, etc. then the person A is more likely interested in packages with similar
features.

This project implements the use of CF algorithm in the narrow sense. The preference of
similar features of a package is used to suggest other packages to the user.

18
Chapter: 4 Implementation and Testing
4.1 Implementation
4.1.1 Tools and Technologies Used
HTML:

Since this project is a web-based application, HTML serves the best for the content of the
application as it has more precise semantics, support for multimedia and higher
performance. HTML is a text-based approach to describing how content contained within
an HTML file is structured. This markup tells a web browser how to display text, images
and other forms of multimedia on a webpage.

CSS:

CSS is the standard and preferred mechanism for formatting HTML pages. It has a lot of
features like rounded corners, shadows, gradients, transitions, animations and new layouts
like multi-columns, flexible box and grid layouts. CSS has been used in this project for
the design of the canvas and to give users a full-fledged operation that a common paint
application usually provides. CSS is implemented in the project for designing HTML
content and proper placement of HTML content.

PHP:

PHP is an open source, server-side and HTML embedded scripting language used to


create dynamic Web pages. PHP can perform any task that any CGI program can do, but
its strength lies in its compatibility with many types of databases. PHP is a general-
purpose scripting language that is especially suited to server-side web development where
PHP generally runs on a web server. So, it is best for server-side programming for this
project.

MySQL:

MySQL is an open source relational database management system (RDBMS) with a


client-server model. It runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of
databases. MySQL is a popular choice of database for use in web applications and is an
open source product.

JavaScript:

19
JavaScript is a scripting language to enable Web authors to design interactive sites.
JavaScript can interact with HTML source code, enabling Web authors to spice up their
sites with dynamic content. JavaScript (JS) is a cross-platform, object-oriented scripting
language. It is a light-weight interpreted programming language. It is a most well-known
scripting language for Web pages. JS is a prototype-based, multi- paradigm, dynamic
scripting language, supporting object-oriented, imperative, and declarative styles. It has
been widely used throughout this project.

4.1.2 Implementation Details of Modules


The module we used for creating this system is incremental method which is similar to
Waterfall module. The benefit of this module is that we can change the system if user is
not satisfied. As the development of the system progresses, user will be notified and they
will check the system so that if any changes are required to be made, it will be easier to
implement.

4.1.2.1 Modules Descriptions:

1. Admin authentication: This module is mainly based on admin. System will check the
admin user name and password for authentication. After the verification for authorization,
the admin can be able to precede the process. All works are done under his control.

2. User Registration: This module covers the details about the registration of users
which they can be register by itself by adding data like name, password, email id and
further details. After registration they can be sign in by their username and password.

3. Package Creation: The admin can create packages by creating package page which
the type, price, details, place details all the travel tour package details can be added here.
Which it will be showed in user homepage.

4. Package booking: In this module maintain the booking of travel packages by the user
by selecting a various packages with date and certain comments.

5. Booking confirmation/manage: Booking confirmation is the process of confirming


the booked packages by the admin that is booked by the user with date and comment.
Also admin can manage the booking by cancelling.

6. Issue ticket Tickets: can be issued for the user in the issue ticket page in the homepage
of user the certain booked packages only can be issued.

20
4.2.2.2 Modules Used:
The proposed system categories and follows these modules to implement
I. Login component
Admin
Users
II. User Component
Tour Packages Details
Users Details

4.2 Testing
4.2.1 Test Cases for Unit Testing
Test Scenario Enter Value Expected Actual Output Remarks
Case Output
Check Email: Login Invalid email id or fail
1 login Password: successful Password
with  
empty
field
2 Check Email: Renu123 Login Invalid email id or fail
login with Password: renu7 successful Password
un-  
registered
email
3 Check Email: Login Invalid email id or fail
login with [email protected] successful Password
invalid Password: Renu
password  
4 Check Email: Login Login successful pass
Login [email protected] successful
with valid Password: renulg7$
data  

21
Table 1: Table 1: Test Cases for unit Testing

Unit testing is a software development process in which the smallest testable parts of


an application are individually and independently scrutinized for proper operation. Its
main objective is to isolate written code to test and determine if it works as intended.

i) Test cases for login

Input – Email: null, Password: null

Expected Output: Email id and password is required

Actual Output:

Result: PASS

Input – Email: [email protected], Password: renulg7$

Expected Output: Login successful and user should be redirected to dashboard.

22
Actual Output:

Result: PASS

ii) Test case for booking

Result:

23
Result: PASS

4.2.2 System Testing


Once the entire system has been built then it has to be tested against the Software
Requirement Specification and System Specification to check if it delivers the features

required or not. System testing can involve a number of specialist types of tests to see if
all the functional and non-functional requirements have been met.

24
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Future Recommendations
5.1 Conclusion
TTA was created with the idea of making tourism easy for tourists and providing them
world-class services. After the completion of the project, the system is fully capable of
display packages and booking packages. The system is now complete and responsive as
well.

5.2 Outcomes/lesson Learnt


While working on this project, we have learned a lot of things that are being implemented
in real-world projects. Although this project was supposed to be an academic fulfillment,
with the help of our teachers’ guides and time spent on this project, we have learned
many more about software engineering, testing, and database management, rules to create
software, time management, and better audience targeting.

Although the project has turned out to be exactly what we had imagined it to be, there are
some functions that we would like to add in the forthcoming days and make it more user-
friendly and competitive.

5.3 Future Recommendations


This project is fully usable and can be used in the real world, it can be polished more with
new features and great improvements. We can give more advance software for Tour and
Travel Agencies system including more facilities in future. More enhancements which ca
be done to increase the applicability and usage of this project are mentioned below:

1. We can add online payment system.


2. We can add PDF download function of packages booked statement.

25
References
[1] Z. M. Rachman, “Effective Tourism Web Sites,” Citreseerx. [Online]. Available:
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?
doi=10.1.1.196.7207&rep=rep1&type=pdf. [Accessed: 01-Aug-2022].

[2] S. Amaro and P. Duarte, “Online travel purchasing: A literature review,” Journal of
Travel & Tourism Marketing, vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 755–785, 2013.

[3] J. Ruiz-Meza and J. R. Montoya-Torres, “A systematic literature review for the tourist
trip design problem: Extensions, solution techniques and future research lines,”
Operations Research Perspectives, vol. 9, p. 100228, 2022.

[4] C.-H. Lien, M.-J. Wen, L.-C. Huang, and K.-L. Wu, “Online hotel booking: The
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