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Insem 1 - PE - Handbook - 2023

1) The document discusses various power electronic devices and AC-DC converters including power diodes, thyristors, single-phase and full-wave rectifiers with resistive and RL loads. 2) It provides equations to calculate voltage, current, power factor, and ripple factor for these rectifiers. 3) Controlled rectifiers with resistive and RL loads are also covered, along with triggering angle, extinction angle, voltage, current, and power calculations.

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Ananya V
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37 views3 pages

Insem 1 - PE - Handbook - 2023

1) The document discusses various power electronic devices and AC-DC converters including power diodes, thyristors, single-phase and full-wave rectifiers with resistive and RL loads. 2) It provides equations to calculate voltage, current, power factor, and ripple factor for these rectifiers. 3) Controlled rectifiers with resistive and RL loads are also covered, along with triggering angle, extinction angle, voltage, current, and power calculations.

Uploaded by

Ananya V
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELE 3251 POWER ELECTRONICS

Devices
• Power Diodes
1 𝑑𝑖
o 𝑄𝑟𝑟 = 2 × 𝐼𝑟𝑟 × 𝑡𝑟𝑟 ; 𝐼𝑟𝑟 = | 𝑑𝑡𝐹| 𝑡𝑟𝑟
Where
Qrr is the reverse recovery charge
Irr is the peak reverse recovery current,
trr is reverse recovery time and iF is the forward current
• Snubber circuit of thyristor
0.632×𝑅×𝑉𝑆
o 𝐶𝑆 = 𝑑𝑣
(𝑅+𝑅𝑠 )2 ×
𝑑𝑡
Where,
𝐶𝑆 and 𝑅𝑆 is the snubber capacitor and snubber resistor respectively
𝑉𝑆 is the input DC supply voltage
𝑅 is the load resistance

AC – DC Converters (Rectifiers)

• Single-phase half wave uncontrolled rectifier with R load


𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔
o 𝑉𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 = ; 𝐼𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 =
𝜋 𝑅
𝑉𝑚
o 𝑉𝑜 𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 2
𝑉𝑜2𝑟𝑚𝑠
o 𝑃= 𝑅
𝑃
o 𝑝𝑓 = 𝑉
𝑠 𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑠 𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝑉2
o Ripple factor = √ 𝑉𝑜2𝑟𝑚𝑠 − 1
𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔

• Single-phase half-wave uncontrolled rectifier with R load and capacitor filter


o 𝜃 = tan−1 (−𝜔𝑅𝐶) = −tan−1(𝜔𝑅𝐶) + 𝜋
−(2𝜋+𝛼−𝜃)⁄
o sin(𝛼) − sin(𝜃)𝑒 𝜔𝑅𝐶 =0
o 𝐼𝐶,𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 = 𝜔𝐶𝑉𝑚 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
o 𝐼𝐷,𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 = 𝑉𝑚 (𝜔𝐶𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 + )
𝑅
o ∆𝑉𝑜 = 𝑉𝑚 (1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼)
1
o 𝐶 = 𝑓𝑅(∆𝑉 /𝑉 )
𝑜 𝑜
Where,
𝜃 is the angle when the diode becomes reverse biased
2𝜋 + 𝛼 is the angle at which the diode turns ON in the second period
𝐼𝐶,𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 is the peak capacitor current and 𝐼𝐷,𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑘 is the peak diode current
∆𝑉𝑜 is the peak to peak output voltage ripple
𝑉𝑚 is the peak amplitude of the AC source voltage
𝐶 is the output filter capacitor and R is the load resistance

• Single-phase full-wave uncontrolled rectifier with R load


2𝑉𝑚 𝑉𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔
o 𝑉𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 = ; 𝐼𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 =
𝜋 𝑅
𝑉𝑚
o 𝑉𝑜 𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
√2
𝑉𝑜2𝑟𝑚𝑠
o 𝑃= 𝑅
𝑃
o 𝑝𝑓 = 𝑉
𝑠 𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑠 𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝑉2
o Ripple factor = √ 𝑉𝑜2𝑟𝑚𝑠 − 1
𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔

• Single-phase full-wave uncontrolled rectifier with R load and Capacitor filter

o 𝜃 = tan−1 (−𝜔𝑅𝐶) = −tan−1(𝜔𝑅𝐶) + 𝜋


−(𝜋+𝛼−𝜃)⁄
o sin(𝛼) − sin(𝜃)𝑒 𝜔𝑅𝐶 =0

1
o 𝐶 = 2𝑓𝑅(∆𝑉 /𝑉 )
𝑜 𝑜

• Single-phase half-wave-controlled rectifier


o R Load
𝑉𝑚 𝑉
▪ 𝑉𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 2𝜋 (1 + cos 𝛼) ; 𝐼𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔
𝑅
𝑉𝑚 𝛼 sin(2𝛼) 𝑉𝑜 𝑟𝑚𝑠
▪ 𝑉𝑜 𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √1 − + ; 𝐼𝑜 𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
2 𝜋 2𝜋 𝑅
𝑉𝑜2𝑟𝑚𝑠
▪𝑃= 𝑅
𝑃
▪ 𝑝𝑓 = 𝑉
𝑠 𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑠 𝑟𝑚𝑠
Where,
Vo avg and Io avg = Average load voltage and load current respectively
Vo rms and Io rms = RMS load voltage and load current respectively
Vm = maximum value of source voltage
α = firing/ triggering/ delay angle
P = Load power
pf = power factor of the circuit
R = Load resistance

o RL Load
𝑉𝑚 (𝛼−𝜔𝑡)⁄
[sin(𝜔𝑡 − 𝜃) − sin(𝛼 − 𝜃)𝑒 𝜔𝜏 ] 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝛼 ≤ 𝜔𝑡 ≤ 𝛽
▪ 𝑖(𝜔𝑡) = { 𝑍
0; 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
𝑉𝑚 (𝛼−𝛽)⁄
▪ 𝑖(𝛽) = 0 = [sin(𝛽 − 𝜃) − sin(𝛼 − 𝜃)𝑒 𝜔𝜏 ]
𝑍
𝑉𝑚
▪ 𝑉𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 = (cos 𝛼 − cos 𝛽)
2𝜋
1 𝛽
▪ 𝐼𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 = ∫ 𝑖(𝜔𝑡) 𝑑𝜔𝑡
2𝜋 𝛼
1 𝛽 1 𝛽
▪ 𝐼𝑜 𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √2𝜋 ∫𝛼 𝑖 2 (𝜔𝑡) 𝑑𝜔𝑡 ; 𝑉𝑜 𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √2𝜋 ∫𝛼 (𝑉𝑚 sin 𝜔𝑡)2 𝑑𝜔𝑡
▪ 𝑃 = 𝐼𝑜2 𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑅
𝑃
▪ 𝑝𝑓 = 𝑉 𝐼
𝑠 𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑠 𝑟𝑚𝑠

Where,
θ = load angle = tan−1(𝑋𝐿 /𝑅)
Z = load impedance = √𝑅 2 + 𝑋𝐿 2
β = extinction angle
τ = time constant = L/R
o RL with freewheeling diode load
▪ Voltage expressions remain same as voltage expression of R load.

o RLE load
𝐸
▪ 𝛼 ≥ sin−1 (𝑉 )
𝑚
𝑉𝑚 𝐸 −𝜔𝑡⁄
sin(𝜔𝑡 − 𝜃) − 𝑅 + 𝐴𝑒 𝜔𝜏 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝛼 ≤ 𝜔𝑡 ≤ 𝛽
▪ 𝑖(𝜔𝑡) = { 𝑍
0; 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
1
▪ 𝑉𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 2𝜋 [𝑉𝑚 (cos 𝛼 − cos 𝛽) + 𝐸(2𝜋 + 𝛼 − 𝛽)]
1 𝛽
▪ 𝐼𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 = 2𝜋 ∫𝛼 𝑖(𝜔𝑡) 𝑑𝜔𝑡
1 𝛽
▪ 𝐼𝑜 𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √2𝜋 ∫𝛼 𝑖 2 (𝜔𝑡) 𝑑𝜔𝑡
1 𝛽 2𝜋+𝛼
▪ 𝑉𝑜 𝑟𝑚𝑠 = √2𝜋 [∫𝛼 (𝑉𝑚 sin 𝜔𝑡)2 𝑑𝜔𝑡 + ∫𝛽 𝐸 2 𝑑𝜔𝑡]
▪ 𝑃 = 𝐼𝑜2 𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑅 + 𝐼𝑜 𝑎𝑣𝑔 𝐸
𝑃
▪ 𝑝𝑓 = 𝑉
𝑠 𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑠 𝑟𝑚𝑠

Where,
𝑉 𝐸 𝛼
𝐴 = [− 𝑍𝑚 sin(𝛼 − 𝜃) + 𝑅] 𝑒 ⁄𝜔𝜏
E = load emf or dc source in the load
β can be found by making i(ωt) = 0

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