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General Physics 2

The document discusses different types of electric charge. It defines key terms like atom, electron, proton, and neutron. It explains that atoms are made up of these subatomic particles and how their relative numbers determine if an atom has a positive, negative, or neutral charge. It then describes different methods by which objects can become electrically charged, such as rubbing, conduction, or induction. Conductors and insulators are defined in relation to how they allow or resist electric charge flow. A triboelectric series is provided that ranks materials based on their electron affinity.

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234 views2 pages

General Physics 2

The document discusses different types of electric charge. It defines key terms like atom, electron, proton, and neutron. It explains that atoms are made up of these subatomic particles and how their relative numbers determine if an atom has a positive, negative, or neutral charge. It then describes different methods by which objects can become electrically charged, such as rubbing, conduction, or induction. Conductors and insulators are defined in relation to how they allow or resist electric charge flow. A triboelectric series is provided that ranks materials based on their electron affinity.

Uploaded by

Ian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GENERAL PHYSICS 2 What is the charge of each atom?

Lesson 1: ELECTRIC CHARGE, COULOMB’S LAW, 1. 5 electrons and 6 protons = positive


ELECTRONIC FIELDS, AND 2. 14 protons and 11 electrons = positive
ELECTRIC FLUX 3. 5 electrons and 5 protons = zero
4. 25 protons and 26 electrons = negative
ELECTRIC CHARGE
ELECTROSTATIC FORCE
The basic property of matter carried by some - Occurs between electrically charged particles.
elementary particles that govern how the particles are - Force of attraction
affected by an electric or magnetic field. - Amount of magnitude of a force

AMBER MAGNETIC FIELD DIAGRAM

When the discovery of fire started. The word


electricity derives from the Greek word “elektron” which
means amber. People in ancient times understood that
rubbing materials like glass or amber with fur would create
sparks and other electrical effects.

DIFFERENT TYPE OF CHARGES

CONDUCTORS
- Are materials that allow electrical charges to move
from one another.
- May be charge through different method: Rubbing,
Conduction, and Induction.
- Can be flow.

• ATOM - Is the name of the smallest unit of matter. INSULATORS


Atoms organize all kinds of matter. The atom is the - Are materials that resist the flow of electrons,
smallest particle into which an element can be so it does not allow electric current to pass
divided. An atom is made up of three substructures: through it.
neutrons, protons, and electrons.
• CHARGING BY RUBBING
• ELECTRONS – Negative charge (-), Latin word: - Electrically neutral-contains roughly equal
electros numbers of positive and negative charges.
- By rubbing or friction
• PROTONS – Positive charge (+) - As a result of friction, electrons are transferred
between two objects. When an object loses
• NEUTRONS – Neutral charge (neither positive nor electrons, it gains a positive charge and becomes
negative) positively charged. When an object gains
electrons, it gains a negative charge and becomes
negatively charged.
LAW OF CHARGES

Cloth – 5 protons, 5 electrons = +


Rod – 5 protons, 5 electrons = -
ELECTRON AFFINITY – An atom that has more chances
to attract electrons.

TRIBOELECTRIC SERIES – A list that ranks materials


according to their tendency to gain or lose electrons.

Examples:

1. Fur = + 3. Human hair = +


Silk = - Polyurethane = -

2. Cotton = + 4. Nylon = -
Steel = - Glass = +

• CHARGING BY CONDUCTION
- It involves the contact of a charged object to a
neutral object. Hence when an uncharged
conductor is brought in contact with a charged
conductor, charge is shared between the two
conductors and hence the uncharged conductor
gets charged.

Examples: Socket and charger, bulb and outlet (lalagyan)

• CHARGING BY INDUCTION
- Is a method used to charge an object without
touching the object to any other charged object.
- When charging a conductor by induction, a
charged object is brought close to but does not
touch the conductor.

Example: cellphone, charger, and socket

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