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Prateek Raman CppCon2022 CPP Coding With Neovim 20220913 - 1940

The document provides an overview of using Neovim as a C++ development environment in the command line. Key points include: - Neovim is configured to provide features like LSP integration and a rich plugin ecosystem for C++ development without needing an IDE. - A toy C++ calculator project is used as an example, managed with CMake and using dependencies from vcpkg. - The command line environment involves using a terminal multiplexer like Tmux for managing multiple panes. - C++ workflows in Neovim are enabled through features like the compilation database for code navigation and the language server protocol for features like auto-completion.

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222 views107 pages

Prateek Raman CppCon2022 CPP Coding With Neovim 20220913 - 1940

The document provides an overview of using Neovim as a C++ development environment in the command line. Key points include: - Neovim is configured to provide features like LSP integration and a rich plugin ecosystem for C++ development without needing an IDE. - A toy C++ calculator project is used as an example, managed with CMake and using dependencies from vcpkg. - The command line environment involves using a terminal multiplexer like Tmux for managing multiple panes. - C++ workflows in Neovim are enabled through features like the compilation database for code navigation and the language server protocol for features like auto-completion.

Uploaded by

diegodfrf
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 107

1
GREETINGS !
Bloomberg, NYC
Personal Setup
Close approximation at work
C++ Application Developer


2

3

4
Notepad++
Fast
Minimal
Efficient


5
Notepad++

Gets out of the way


6
Notepad++

Gets out of the way


s/confession/observation/


6.1
AGENDA
Overview
Context
Command Line Environment
C++ Workflows with Neovim
Neovim Setup


7
LSP & Language Server

Developer Tool Language Server Protocol


Language Servers
(Host) (JSON-RPC)

C++
t /d e f inition' (clangd)
men
st: 'te xtDocu
Reque n
se: L ocatio Python
Development R espon
Tool (pyright)
(eg Neovim)
JavaScript/
TypeScript

...


8
GOALS
Command line environment as alternative to IDEs
Demonstrate Neovim's
TUIs (Terminal User Interface)
LSP integration
Rich plugin ecosystem
Peek behind the curtain


9
SCOPE
Assumes
C++ knowledge
CMake
VCPKG
Environment
Ubuntu 20.04 under WSL2/Windows
Should work the same
Any Linux distribution
MacOS

10
AGENDA
Overview
Context
Command Line Environment
C++ Workflows with Neovim
Neovim Setup


11
AGENDA
Overview
Context
Command Line Environment
C++ Workflows with Neovim
Neovim Setup


11.1
CONTEXT
Vim
Vim ▶️Neovim
Neovim today


12


13
MODAL EDITING
Insert mode
Normal mode


14
MODAL EDITING
Insert mode
Normal mode
i, o/O, a/A for Normal -> Insert


14.1
MODAL EDITING
Insert mode
Normal mode
i, o/O, a/A for Normal -> Insert
Escape for Insert -> Normal


14.2
MODAL EDITING
Insert mode
Normal mode
i, o/O, a/A for Normal -> Insert
Escape for Insert -> Normal
: (colon) for Normal -> Command


14.3
MODAL EDITING
Insert mode
Normal mode
i, o/O, a/A for Normal -> Insert
Escape for Insert -> Normal
: (colon) for Normal -> Command
:write
:quit
:wq in short


14.4
ALL THINGS VIM
https://github.com/mhinz/vim-galore


15
VIM 2013


16
VIM 2013
Vim + Syntastic


16.1
VIM 2013
Vim + Syntastic
Save file -> Compile -> Show errors inline


16.2
VIM 2013
Vim + Syntastic
Save file -> Compile -> Show errors inline
:w --> Freeze


16.3
VIM 2013
Vim + Syntastic
Save file -> Compile -> Show errors inline
:w --> Freeze
Not concurrent
Plugins run in UI thread


16.4
NEOVIM
Announced by Thiago de Arruda in Jan. 2014
Modular/Extensible fork of Vim
Neovim core + msgpack protocol for UIs


17
NEOVIM
Announced by Thiago de Arruda in Jan. 2014
Modular/Extensible fork of Vim
Neovim core + msgpack protocol for UIs
0.1.0 released Nov. 2015


17.1
NEOVIM
Announced by Thiago de Arruda in Jan. 2014
Modular/Extensible fork of Vim
Neovim core + msgpack protocol for UIs
0.1.0 released Nov. 2015
Vim 8.0 released Sept. 2016 (async support)


17.2
NEOVIM


18
NEOVIM TODAY
Lua scripting
luajit is fast 🚀
vimscript still supported


19
NEOVIM TODAY
Lua scripting
luajit is fast 🚀
vimscript still supported
LSP client written in Lua 💡


19.1
NEOVIM TODAY
Lua scripting
luajit is fast 🚀
vimscript still supported
LSP client written in Lua 💡
Lua plugins
Feel native ✈️
LSP aware 🛸


19.2
NEOVIM TODAY
Lua scripting
luajit is fast 🚀
vimscript still supported
LSP client written in Lua 💡
Lua plugins
Feel native ✈️
LSP aware 🛸
Tree-sitter support 🌲
syntax highlights
semantic textobjects

19.3
Stack Overflow Developer Survey 2022

20
AGENDA
Overview
Context
Command Line Environment
C++ Workflows with Neovim
Neovim Setup


21
AGENDA
Overview
Context
Command Line Environment
C++ Workflows with Neovim
Neovim Setup


21.1
COMMAND LINE
ENVIRONMENT
Terminal + Tmux
C++ Project
Neovim


22


23


24


25
TMUX - SESSIONS, WINDOWS, PANES


26


27


28
C++ PROJECT
📂 .

├── 📄 CMakeLists.txt

├── 📄 README.rst

├── 📂 src

├── 📄 tasks.py

├── 📂 tests

└── 📄 vcpkg.json

Add 2 numbers
Subtract 2 numbers
https://github.com/vvnraman/cppcon-2022-cpp-neovim-toy-calc


29
TOY CALCULATOR
./usr/local/bin/calc --help

A toy calculator program to demo Neovim on the command line

Usage: calc [OPTIONS] SUBCOMMAND

Options:

-h,--help Print this help message and exit

Subcommands:

add Add 2 numbers

sub Subtract numbers

Add
./usr/local/bin/calc add 10 5

10 + 5 = 15

Subtract
./usr/local/bin/calc sub 10 5

10 - 5 = 5

30
C++ PROJECT
CMake, ninja, gcc-11


31
C++ PROJECT
CMake, ninja, gcc-11
vcpkg.json
cli11
fmt


31.1
C++ PROJECT
CMake, ninja, gcc-11
vcpkg.json
cli11
fmt
tasks.py for invoke
Runs CMake configure, build, install


31.2
VCPKG
Setup vcpkg (submodule per project)
git submodule add https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg.git

git submodule update --init

cd vcpkg

./bootstrap-vcpkg.sh -disableMetrics

Dependencies pinned by default


32
CMAKE
CMake Configure using tasks.py
# From project root

$ invoke config


33
CMAKE
CMake Configure using tasks.py
# From project root

$ invoke config

Roughly does the following


# create unique build dir and cd to it

cmake \

-S path/to/project/ \

-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=path/to/project/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake


33.1
CMAKE
📂 build

├── 📄 build.ninja

├── 📄 compile_commands.json ◀️

├── 📂 src

├── 📂 tests

├── 📂 vcpkg_installed ◀️

└── ...more...

vcpkg_installed 📂
build.ninja 📄


34
CMAKE
📂 build

├── 📄 build.ninja

├── 📄 compile_commands.json ◀️

├── 📂 src

├── 📂 tests

├── 📂 vcpkg_installed ◀️

└── ...more...

vcpkg_installed 📂
build.ninja 📄
compile_commands.json 📄


34.1
COMPILATION DATABASE
Json Compilation Database
cmake -DCMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=1 ...

# or

CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS=1 cmake ...

Build directory
├── ...

├── 📄 compile_commands.json

└── ...more...


35
NEOVIM 🤝 CLANGD
Source directory
├── 📂 src

├── 📂 tests

├── 📄 compile_commands.json ⇒ path/to/build/compile_commands.json ◀️

└── ...more...


36
NEOVIM 🤝 CLANGD
Source directory
├── 📂 src

├── 📂 tests

├── 📄 compile_commands.json ⇒ path/to/build/compile_commands.json ◀️

└── ...more...

$ invoke config


36.1
NEOVIM
Neovim 0.7.2
Built-in LSP client 🤯
Notable Plugins
telescope
trouble
nvim-cmp
which-key
packer Package manager
mason CLI Tools installer
Handles clangd installation

37
MNEMONICS

https://xkcd.com/191/
<Leader> - <Space>

38
AGENDA
Overview
Context
Command Line Environment
C++ Workflows with Neovim
Neovim Setup


39
AGENDA
Overview
Context
Command Line Environment
C++ Workflows with Neovim
Neovim Setup


39.1
C++ WORKFLOWS WITH
NEOVIM


40
OPEN FILE, NO LSP
Live demo


41
:LspInfo - NOT ATTACHED
Live demo


42
TREE-SITTER HIGHLIGHTING
Live demo


43
PROJECT NAVIGATION
Live demo


44
:LspInfo
Live demo


45
BUFFER, FILE, WINDOW AND TABS
Live demo


46
INTELLISENSE - ADD MULTIPLY
Live demo


47
CLANG FORMAT
Live demo


48
NAVIGATE BETWEEN DIAGNOSTICS
Live demo


49
CLANG-TIDY INTEGRATION
Live demo


50
TROUBLE INTEGRATION
Live demo


51
CODE ACTIONS
Live demo


52
GO TO DEFINITION/DECLARATION
Live demo


53
SWITCH BETWEEN HEADER/CPP
Live demo


54
FIND REFERENCES
Live demo


55
REFACTOR
Live demo


56
DOCUMENT SYMBOLS
Live demo


57
RUN EXECUTABLE
Live demo


58
MULTI-LANGUAGE SETUP
Live demo


59
MULTI-LANGUAGE SETUP
The same setup works whether you're working on Rust, Golang,
JavaScript/TypeScript, Zig, etc...


60
DEBUGGING
Gdb
Talks by Greg Law from CppCon, search on YouTube
Back to Basics - Debugging by Mike Shah, CppCon 2022
Debug Adapter Protocol
nvim-dap


61
AGENDA
Overview
Context
Command Line Environment
C++ Workflows with Neovim
Neovim Setup


62
AGENDA
Overview
Context
Command Line Environment
C++ Workflows with Neovim
Neovim Setup


62.1
NEOVIM SETUP
Neovim config
Vim ➡️Neovim
Lua


63
NEOVIM CONFIG
Under $HOME on Linux, %USERPROFILE on Windows
📂 .config

└──📂 nvim

└── 📄 init.lua ⬅️

kickstart.nvim
lsp-zero


64
NEOVIM CONFIG FROM SCRATCH
Under $HOME on Linux, %USERPROFILE on Windows
📂 .config

└──📂 nvim

├── 📄 init.lua ⬅️

└── 📂 lua

└── 📄 weekend.lua

init.lua contents
require("weekend")


65
NEOVIM DISTRIBUTIONS
LunarVim
NvChad


66
VIM ➡️NEOVIM
Use Neovim with your existing .vimrc
$HOME/.config/nvim/init.vim
set runtimepath^=~/.vim runtimepath+=~/.vim/af
let &packpath = &runtimepath

source ~/.vimrc

Try LSP integration, Lua plugins


Move to init.lua
💰💰💰

67
LUA
local telescope_builtin = require("telescope.builtin")

vim.keymap.set({ "n" }, "<leader>lds", function()

telescope_builtin.lsp_document_symbols()

end, { buffer = bufnr })


68
LUA
local telescope_builtin = require("telescope.builtin")

vim.keymap.set({ "n" }, "<leader>lds", function()

telescope_builtin.lsp_document_symbols()

end, { buffer = bufnr })

Declare local variable


68.1
LUA
local telescope_builtin = require("telescope.builtin")

vim.keymap.set({ "n" }, "<leader>lds", function()

telescope_builtin.lsp_document_symbols()

end, { buffer = bufnr })

Declare local variable


Set function to be called when key pressed


68.2
LUA
local telescope_builtin = require("telescope.builtin")

vim.keymap.set({ "n" }, "<leader>lds", function()

telescope_builtin.lsp_document_symbols()

end, { buffer = bufnr })

Declare local variable


Set function to be called when key pressed
Lua automatically creates closure with local variable


68.3
NEOVIM LUA RESOURCES
TJDevries & Bashbunni Telescope and Neovim intro

TJDevries & Bashbunni Neovim Lua Plugin From Scratch


69
FENNEL


70
FENNEL
Lisp


70.1
FENNEL
Lisp
Transpiles to Lua


70.2
FENNEL
Lisp
Transpiles to Lua
Emacs Lisp users rejoice !


70.3
THANK YOU 🎉

71
QUESTIONS ?
https://github.com/vvnraman/neovim-config
https://github.com/vvnraman/dotfiles
www.TechAtBloomberg.com/cplusplus


72

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