Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Exerise 13.1
22
Unless stated otherwise, take π = .
7
1. 2 cubes each of volume 64 cm3 are joined end to end. Find
the surface area of the resulting cuboid.
3
Sol. Side of a cube = 64 = 4 cm.
When 2 cubes are joined, then l = (4 + 4) cm = 8 cm,
b = 4 cm, h = 4 cm.
Surface area = 2(lb + bh + lh) = 2(32 + 16 + 32) cm2
= 160 cm2.
2. A vessel is in the form of a hollow hemisphere mounted by
a hollow cylinder. The diameter of the hemisphere is 14 cm
and the total height of the vessel is 13 cm. Find the inner
surface area of the vessel.
Sol. Radius of hemisphere = height of hemisphere = 7 cm.
Height of cylinder = (13 – 7) cm
= 6 cm.
Inner surface area = 2πr2 + 2πrh
= 2πr(r + h)
13 cm

22
= 2 × × 7(7 + 6)
7
= 44 × 13 cm2
14 cm
= 572 cm2.

3. A toy is in the form of a cone of

radius 3.5 cm mounted on a
hemisphere of same radius. The
12 cm

total height of the toy is 15.5 cm.

Find the total surface area of the
toy.
3.5 cm

Sol. Radius of hemisphere = radius of

base of cone = 3.5 cm
3.5 cm

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Height of cone = (15.5 – 3.5) cm

= 12 cm.

∴ Slant height (l) = (12)2 + (3.5)2 cm

= 144 + 12.25 cm

= 156.25 cm = 12.5 cm.

Total surface area of toy = surface area of hemisphere
+ curved area of cone
= 2πr2 + πrl = πr(2r + l)

22 7
= × (7 + 12.5)
7 2
= 11 × 19.5 = 214.5 cm2.
4. A cubical block of side 7 cm is surmounted by a hemisphere.
What is the greatest diameter the hemisphere can have?
Find the surface area of the solid.
Sol. Greatest diameter of the hemisphere
= side of the cube = 7 cm 7 cm

Surface area of the solid = Surface

area of the cube + surface area of the
7 cm
hemisphere – area of the base of the
7 cm
circular portion

 22 7 7 22 7 7 
= 6(7)2 + 2 × × × − × × cm2
 7 2 2 7 2 2 
= [294 + 77 – 38.5] cm2 = 332.5 cm2.
5. A hemispherical depression is cut out from one face of a
cubical wooden block such that the diameter l of the
hemisphere is equal to the edge of the cube. Determine the
surface area of the remaining solid.
Sol. Surface area of the remaining solid
2 2 l
l l
= 6l + 2π   – π  
2
 2  2
π l2 l
= 6l2 +
4

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

l2
= (24 + π).
4
6. A medicine capsule is in the shape of a cylinder with two
hemispheres stuck to each of its ends (see figure). The
length of the entire capsule is 14 mm and the diameter of
the capsule is 5 mm. Find its surface area.

5 mm

14 mm

5
Sol. r = mm, h = (14 – 2 × 2.5) mm = 9 mm
2
h

Surface area = 2 × 2πr2 + 2πrh = 2πr(2r + h)

22 5 110
= 2 × × (5 + 9) = × 14 mm2
7 2 7
= 220 mm2.
7. A tent is in the shape of a cylinder surmounted by a
conical top. If the height and diameter of the cylindrical
part are 2.1 m and 4 m respectively, and the slant height of
the top is 2.8 m, find the area of the canvas used for
making the tent. Also, find the cost of the canvas of the
tent at the rate of ` 500 per m2. (Note that the base of the
tent will not be covered with canvas).
Sol. Radius of base of cylinder, r = radius of base of cone = 2 m.
Area of canvas used = curved area of cylinder
+ lateral area of cone 2.8 m

= 2πrh + πrl = πr(2h + l)

2.1 m

22
= × 2(2 × 2.1 + 2.8)
7
4m

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

22
= × 2 × 7 = 44 m2
7
Cost = ` (44 × 500) = ` 22,000.
8. From a solid cylinder whose height is 2.4 cm and diameter
1.4 cm, a conical cavity of the same height and same
diameter is hollowed out. Find the total surface area of the
remaining solid to the nearest cm2.
Sol. Radius of base of cylinder = radius of base of cone

1.4
= r = cm = 0.7 cm
2
Height of cone = height of cylinder = h = 2.4 cm

Slant height of cone = l = (2.4)2 + (0.7) 2

2.4 cm
= 5.76 + 0.49 cm

= 6.25 cm = 2.5 cm. 1.4 cm

Total surface area of remaining solid = lateral area of
cone+ curved area of cylinder + area of top base
= πrl + 2πrh + πr2 = πr(l + 2h + r)

22
= × 0.7(2.5 + 2 × 2.4 + 0.7) cm2
7
= 17.6 cm2 ~ 18 cm2.
9. A wooden article was made by scooping
out a hemisphere from each end of a solid
cylinder, as shown in figure. If the height
of the cylinder is 10 cm, and its base is of
radius 3.5 cm, find the total surface area
of the article.
Sol. Total surface area = 2 × surface area of
a hemisphere + curved area of cylinder
= 2 × 2πr2 + 2πrh = 2πr[2r + h]

22
= 2 × × 3.5 [7 + 10] cm2
7
= 374 cm2.

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Exerise 13.2
22
Unless stated otherwise, take π = .
7
1. A solid is in the shape of a cone standing on a hemisphere
with both their radii being equal to 1 cm and the height of
the cone is equal to its radius. Find the volume of the solid
in terms of π.
Sol. Volume of the solid
1 cm
= volume of the hemisphere
1 cm
+ volume of the cone
2 1
= π (1)3 + π (1)2(1) = π cm3.
3 3
2. Rachel, an engineering student, was asked to make a model
shaped like a cylinder with two cones attached at its two
ends by using a thin aluminium sheet. The diameter of the
model is 3 cm and its length is 12 cm. If each cone has
height of 2 cm, find the volume of air contained in the
model that Rachel made. (Assume the outer and inner
dimensions of the model to be nearly the same.)
Sol. Radius of base of cylinder = radius of base of cone
3
= r = cm.
2
Height of cone (h1) = 2 cm
Height of cylinder (h) = (12 – 4) cm = 8 cm

1 2
∴ Volume of air = 2 × πr h1 + πr2h
3

2  3 cm
= πr 2  h1 + h
3  2 cm 2 cm
12 cm

2
22  3 2  22 9 28
= ×   ×  × 2 + 8 = × × = 66 cm3.
7  2 3  7 4 3

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

3. A gulab jamun, contains sugar syrup

up to about 30% of its volume. Find
approximately how much syrup would
be found in 45 gulab jamuns, each
shaped like a cylinder with two
hemispherical ends with length 5 cm
and diameter 2.8 cm (see figure).
Sol. Length of gulab jamun = 5 cm

2.8
Radius of hemisphere = r =
2
1.4 cm 2.2 cm 1.4 cm

= 1.4 cm. 5 cm

Radius of cylinder = radius of hemisphere = r

= 1.4 cm.
Height of cylindrical portion = h
= (5 – 2.8) cm = 2.2 cm
∴ Volume of 1 gulab jamun

2 3 4 
= 2 × πr + πr2h = πr2  r + h
3  3 

22 4 
= × (1.4)2  × 1.4 + 2.2 cm3
7 3 

22
= × (1.4)2 × 4.07 = 25.07 cm3.
7
Sugar syrup in 45 gulab jamuns

30
= × 45 × 25.07 cm3 = 338.445 cm3 ~ 338 cm3.
100
4. A pen stand made of wood is
in the shape of a cuboid with
four conical depressions to hold
pens. The dimensions of the
cuboid are 15 cm by 10 cm by
3.5 cm. The radius of each of

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

the depressions is 0.5 cm and the depth is 1.4 cm. Find the
volume of wood in the entire stand (see figure).
Sol. Volume of cuboid = 15 × 10 × 3.5 cm3
= 525 cm3.
Radius of each depression = 0.5 cm
Depth of each depression = 1.4 cm

1 22
∴ Volume of 4 conical depressions = 4 × ×
3 7
× (0.5)2 × 1.4 cm3
= 1.47 cm3.
∴ Volume of wood in the stand = (525 – 1.47) cm3
= 523.53 cm3.
5. A vessel is in the form of an inverted cone. Its height is
8 cm and the radius of its top, which is open, is 5 cm. It
is filled with water up to the brim. When lead shots, each
of which is a sphere of radius 0.5 cm are dropped into the
vessel, one-fourth of the water flows out. Find the number
of lead shots dropped in the vessel.
Sol. Volume of x led shots = volume of water flows out

4 1 1 
⇒ x × × π × 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 =  3 × π × 5 × 5 × 8
3 4  

π×5×5×8× 3 10 × 10 × 2
⇒ x = = 0.5 × 4 = 100
4 × π × 0.5 × 0.5 × 0.5 × 4 × 3
Hence, 100 lead shots should be dropped in the vessel.
6. A solid iron pole consists of a cylinder 8 cm
of height 220 cm and base diameter 60 cm
24 cm, which is surmounted by
another cylinder of height 60 cm and
220 cm

radius 8 cm. Find the mass of the pole,

given that 1 cm 3 of iron has
approximately 8 g mass. (Use π = 3.14)
24 cm

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Sol. Volume of the pole = volume of the cylinder with base

diameter 24 cm and height 220 cm + volume of the
cylinder with base radius 8 cm and height 60 cm.
= [π(12)2 × 220 + π × (8)2 × 60)] cm3
= [31680π + 3840π] cm3 = 35520π cm3

 8 
Mass of the pole =  35520 × 3.14 × kg = 892.26 kg.
 1000 
7. A solid consisting of a right circular cone of height 120 cm
and radius 60 cm standing on a hemisphere of radius 60
cm is placed upright in a right circular cylinder full of
water such that it touches the bottom. Find the volume of
water left in the cylinder, if the radius of the cylinder is
60 cm and its height is 180 cm.
Sol. Volume of water left = volume of cylinder – volume of
solid.

2 1 
= π × (60)2 × 180 –  × π × (60)3 + × π × (60)2 × 120 cm3
3 3 

 4 
= 648000π − × π × 216000 cm3
 3 
= 360000π cm3 = 1131428.57 cm3
= 1.131 m3 (approx.).
8. A spherical glass vessel has a cylinderical neck 8 cm
long, 2 cm in diameter; the diameter of the spherical part
is 8.5 cm. By measuring the amount of water it holds, a
child finds its volume to be 345 cm3. Check whether she
is correct, taking the above as the inside measurements,
and π = 3.14. 2 cm

Sol. Volume of glass vessel

8 cm
4 3 2
= πr + πr1 h
3

4 
= π  r 3 + r12 h
3 
8.5 cm

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Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

4 3
 3
= 3.14  × 
8.5 
 + (1) × 8 cm
2

3  2  
= 3.14[110.35]cm3 = 346.51 cm3
And the child measured = 345 cm3
Hence, the child is not correct.

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Exerise 13.3
22
Unless stated otherwise, take π = .
7
1. A metallic sphere of radius 4.2 cm is melted and recast into
the shape of a cylinder of radius 6 cm. Find the height of
the cylinder.
Sol. Radius of the sphere (r1) = 4.2 cm
 4 3
∴ Volume of the sphere  3 π r1 
 
4 22 42 42 42
= × × × × cm3
3 7 10 10 10
Radius of the cylinder (r2) = 6 cm
Let ‘h’ be the height of the cylinder
22
∴ Volume of the cylinder = πr2h = × 6 × 6 × h cm3
7
Since, Volume of the metallic sphere = Volume of the cylinder.
4 22 42 42 42 22
⇒ × × × × = × 6 × 6 × h
3 7 10 10 10 7
4 22 42 42 42 7 1 1
⇒ h = × × × × × × × cm
3 7 10 10 10 22 6 6
4×7×7×4 2744
= cm = cm = 2.744 cm.
10 × 10 × 10 1000
2. Metallic spheres of radii 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm, respectively,
are melted to form a single solid sphere. Find the radius of
the resulting sphere.

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

4 4 4 4
Sol. πR3 = π(6)3 + π(8)3 + π(10)3
3 3 3 3
⇒ R3 = 1728 ⇒ R = 12 cm.
3. A 20 m deep well with diameter 7 m is dug and the earth
from digging is evenly spread out to form a platform 22 m
by 14 m. Find the height of the platform.
2
7
Sol. Volume of earth taken out = π   × 20
 2

22 7 7
= × × × 20 m3
7 2 2
= 770 m3.

volume of earth taken out

∴ Height of platform =
area of platform

770
= = 2.5 m.
22 × 14
4. A well of diameter 3 m is dug 14 m deep. The earth taken
out of it has been spread evenly all around it is in the shape
of a circular ring of width 4 m to form an embankment.
Find the height of the embankment.
2
 3
Sol. Volume of the earth taken out = π   × 14 m3
 2
Area over which earth is spread
= π[(5.5)2 – (1.5)2] m2
5m

= π × 7 × 4 m2
5.

1.5 m
∴ Height of the embankment

π × 9 × 14
= m = 1.125 m.
4× π×7× 4

5. A container shaped like a right circular cylinder having

diameter 12 cm and height 15 cm is full of ice cream. The
ice cream is to be filled into cones of height 12 cm and
diameter 6 cm, having a hemispherical shape on the top.

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Find the number of such cones which can be filled with ice
cream.
Sol. Volume of the circular cylinder = π(6)2 × 15 cm3
Volume of one ice cream cone
= volume of the hemisphere + volume of the cone
2 1 
=  π(3)3 + π(3)2 × 12 cm3
3 3 
= 54 π cm3
∴ Number of ice cream cones

volume of circular cylinder

=
volume of one ice cream cone

π × 36 × 15
= = 10.
π × 54
6. How many silver coins, 1.75 cm in diameter and of
thickness 2 mm, must be melted to form a cuboid of
dimensions 5.5 cm × 10 cm × 3.5 cm?
Sol. For a circular coin:
Diameter = 1.75 cm
175
⇒ Radius (r) = cm
200
2
Thickness (h) = 2 mm = cm
10
∴ Volume = πr2h

22  
175
2
2
=
7
×
200  ×
10
cm 3

|ΠA coin is like a cylinder

For a cuboid:
Length (l) = 10 cm, Breadth (b) = 5.5 cm
and Height (h) = 3.5 cm
55 35
∴ Volume = 10 × × cm 3
10 10

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Number of coins
Let the number of coins need to melt be ‘n’

10 × 55 × 35 "# ÷  22 × 175 × 175 × 2 "#

∴ n =
! 10 10 $ ! 7 200 200 10 $
55 35 7 200 200 10
= 10 × × × × × × = 16 × 25 = 400
10 10 22 175 175 2
Thus, the required number of coins = 400.
7. A cylindrical bucket, 32 cm high and with radius of base 18
cm, is filled with sand. This bucket is emptied on the
ground and a conical heap of sand is formed. If the height
of the conical heap is 24 cm, find the radius and slant
height of the heap.
1
Sol. π (18)2 × 32 = π (r)2 × 24 ⇒ r = 36 cm
3

Slant height = (36)2 + (24)2 cm = 12 13 cm.

8. Water in a canal, 6 m wide and 1.5 m deep, is flowing with
a speed of 10 km/h. How much area will it irrigate in
30 minutes, if 8 cm of standing water is needed?
Sol. Volume of water flows out of canal in 30 minutes

1.5 × 6 × 10000
= m3 = 45000 m3.
2

8
Area irrigated = 45000 ÷ = 562500 m2.
100
9. A farmer connects a pipe of internal diameter 20 cm from a
canal into a cylindrical tank in her field, which is 10 m in
diameter and 2 m deep. If water flows through the pipe at
the rate of 3 km/h, in how much time will the tank be
filled?
Sol. Volume of cylindrical tank = volume of water in the pipe of
length l.
2
 1 
⇒ π(5) × 2 = π  
2
× l ⇒ l = 5000 m = 5 km
 10 

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Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

5 5 × 60
∴ Time taken = hr = minutes = 100 minutes.
3 3

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Exerise 13.4
22
Use π = unless stated otherwise.
7
1. A drinking glass is in the shape of a frustum of a cone of
height 14 cm. The diameter of its two circular ends are
4 cm and 2 cm. Find the capacity of the glass.
πh 2
Sol. Capacity = [R + r2 + R.r]
3

22 14
= × [(2)2 + (1)2 + 2 × 1] cm3
7 3

44 308 2
= [4 + 1 + 2] cm3 = cm3 = 102 cm3.
3 3 3
2. The slant height of a frustum of a cone is 4 cm and the
perimeters (circumference) of its circular ends are 18 cm and
6 cm. Find the curved surface area of the frustum.
Sol. Perimeters of circular ends are 18 cm and 6 cm.
∴ 2πR = 18 and 2πr = 6

9 3
⇒ R = cm and r = cm.
π π
Curved surface area = πl(R + r)

 9 3
= π × 4  +  cm2 = 48 cm2.
 π π
3. A fez, the cap used by the Turks, is
shaped like the frustum of a cone (see
figure). If its radius on the open side is
10 cm, radius at the upper base is 4
cm and its slant height is 15 cm, find
the area of material used for making it.
Sol. l = 15 cm, R = 10 cm, r = 4 cm.
Area of material used = πl(R + r) + πr2

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

 22 22 2  4 cm
=  × 15(10 + 4) + (4)  cm2
7 7 
15 cm
= 660 +
352  2
 cm
 7  10 cm

 2 2
= 660 + 50  cm2 = 710 cm2.
 7 7
4. A container, opened from the top and made up of a metal
sheet, is in the form of a frustum of a cone of height 16 cm
with radii of its lower and upper ends as 8 cm and 20 cm,
respectively. Find the cost of the milk which can completely fill
the container, at the rate of ` 20 per litre. Also find the cost
of metal sheet used to make the container, if it costs ` 8 per
100 cm2. (Take π = 3.14)
Sol. We have: r1 = 20 cm, r2 = 8 cm
and h = 16 cm

20 cm

16 cm

8
cm
∴ Volume of the frustum
1
= πh [r12 + r22 + r1 r2]
3
1 314
= × × 16 [202 + 82 + 20 × 8] cm2
3 100
1 314
= × × 16 [400 + 64 + 160] cm2
3 100
1 314
= × × 16 × 624 cm 3
3 100

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

 314 × 16 × 208"# cm
! 100 $
3
=

 314 × 16 × 208"# ÷ 1000 litres

=
! 100 $
314 × 16 × 208
= litres
100000
314 × 16 × 208
∴ Cost of milk = ` 20 ×
100000
628 × 16 × 208 2089984
= C = C
10000 10000
= ` 208.998 ≈ ` 209.
Now, slant height of the given frustum

l = 1
h 2 + r1 − r2 6 2

= 1
16 2 + 20 − 8 6 2
= 16 2 + 12 2

= 256 + 144 = 400 = 20 cm

∴ Curved surface area
314
= π (r1 + r2) l = (20 + 8) × 20 cm2
100
314 314
= × 28 × 20 cm2 = × 28 cm2
100 5
8792
= cm2 = 1758.4 cm2
5
Area of the bottom
314 20096
= πr2 = × 8 × 8 cm 2 = cm 2
100 100
= 200.96 cm2
∴ Total area of metal required = 1758.4 cm2 + 200.96 cm2
= 1959.36 cm2
8
Cost of metal required = C × 1959.36 = ` 156.75.
100
5. A metallic right circular cone 20 cm high and whose vertical
angle is 60° is cut into two parts at the middle of its height
by a plane parallel to its base. If the frustum so obtained

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

1
be drawn into a wire of diameter cm, find the length of
16
the wire.
Sol. Let us consider the frustum DECB of the metallic cone
ABC

Here, r1 = BO and r2 = DO
r1 1
In ∆ AOB,
1 h1 + h2 6 = tan 30° =
3
1 1
⇒ r1 = (h1 + h2) × = 20 ×
3 3
A

h1 = 10 cm
30°
D E

h1 + h2 = 20 cm

h2 = 10 cm

r1
C
B O

r2
In ∆ ADO, = tan 30°
h1
1 1
⇒ r2 = h 1 × = 10 ×
3 3
Now, the volume of the frustum DBCE

1
= πh2 [r12 + r22 + r1 r2]
3

 20  +  10  + 20 × 10 "#
2 2
1
   
! 3   3  3 3 #$
= × π × 10
3

π  400 + 100 + 200 "# = π × 10  700 "

=
3
× 10
! 3 3 3 $ 3 ! 3 #$

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Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Let l be the length and D be diameter of the wire drawn

from the frustum. Since the wire is in the form of a cylinder,
∴Volume of the wire = πr2l

'D
2
D π D 2l πl 1
= π   ×l = = =
2 4 4 × 16 × 16 16
Π[Volume of the frustum] = [Volume of the wire]

 π × 10 × 700 "# πl
∴
!3 3 $
=
4 × 16 × 16

l 10 × 700
⇒ =
4 × 16 × 16 3×3

10 × 700
⇒ l = × 4 × 16 × 16
3×3

7168000
= = 7964.44 m
9 × 100
Thus, the required length of the wire = 7964.44 m.

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Exerise 13.5 (OPTIONAL)

1. A copper wire, 3 mm in diameter, is wound about a
cylinder whose length is 12 cm, and diameter 10 cm, so as
to cover the curved surface of the cylinder. Find the length
and mass of the wire, assuming the density of copper to be
8.88 g per cm3.
Sol. Length of wire used in one round = 2π × 5 = 10π cm.

3 12 × 10
Total rounds required = 12 ÷ = = 40
10 3
∴ Length of wire required = 40 × 10π = 400π
= 400 × 3.14 = 1256 cm
2
 3 
Volume of wire = π   × 400π cm 3 = 9π2 cm3
 20 

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Mass of wire = 8.88 × 9π2 = 8.88 × 9 × 3.14 × 3.14

= 787.98 g ~ 788 g (approx.).
2. A right triangle, whose sides are 3 cm and 4 cm (other
than hypotenuse) is made to revolve about its hypotenuse.
Find the volume and surface area of the double cone so
formed. (Choose value of π as found appropriate).
Sol. Right-angled triangle ABC is made to revolve about its
hypotenuse AB.

AB = AC2 + BC2 = 32 + 4 2 = 25 = 5 cm
C
Now, ∆ABC ~ ∆CAM 4c
m

m
3c
AB BC 5 4
∴ = ⇒ = M
AC CM 3 CM A
5 cm
B
m
12 3c
⇒ CM = = 2.4 cm 4c
m
5
D
CM is the radius of cone DACMD as well as cone DBCMD,
i.e., r = 2.4 cm
2
 12 
Further AM = 32 −   = (3)2 − (2.4)2 = 1.8 cm
 5
Also, BM = 5 – 1.8 = 3.2 cm
Now, the required volume = volume of cone DACMD
+ volume of cone DBCMD

1 2 1 2
= πr (AM) + πr (BM)
3 3

1 2
= πr (AB)
3

1
= × 3.14 × 2.4 × 2.4 × 5
3
= 30.144 cm3 ~ 30.14 cm2
Required surface area = πr(AC) + πr(BC)
= 3.14 × 2.4 × (3 + 4)

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

= 3.14 × 2.4 × 7
= 52.752 cm2 ~ 52.75 cm2.
3. A cistern, internally measuring 150 cm × 120 cm × 110 cm,
has 129600 cm3 of water in it. Porous bricks are placed in
the water until the cistern is full to the brim. Each brick
absorbs one-seventeenth of its own volume of water. How
many bricks can be put in without overflowing the water,
each brick being 22.5 cm × 7.5 cm × 6.5 cm?
Sol. Let number of bricks be n.
Total volume of cistern = 150 × 120 × 110 = 1980000 cm3
Volume of water in cistern
= 129600 cm3
Volume of one brick = 22.5 × 7.5 × 6.5
= 1096.875 cm3
Volume of water absorbed by one brick
1
= × 1096.875 cm3
17
Volume of water absorbed by n bricks
n
= × 1096.875 cm3
17
Volume of portion of empty cistern
= Total volume of cistern
– (Volume of water given in it
– volume of water absorbed by n bricks)

 n 
= 1980000 –  129600 − × 1096.875 
 17 
 n 
=  1850400 + × 1096.875  cm3
 17 
Now, volume of n bricks = volume of portion of empty
cistern
n
⇒ n × 1096.875 = 1850400 + × 1096.875
17

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

 1 
⇒ n × 1096.875  1 −  = 1850400
 17 
1850400 × 17
⇒ n =
16 × 1096.875
⇒ n = 1792.41
Hence, 1792 bricks can be put in without overflowing the
water.
4. In one fortnight of a given month, there was a rainfall of
10 cm in a river valley. If the area of the valley is 97280 km2,
show that the total rainfall was approximately equivalent to
the addition to the normal water of three rivers each 1072 km
long, 75 m wide and 3 m deep.
Sol. Rainfall is 10 cm over an area 97280 km2
10
∴ Total volume of water = 97280 ×
100 × 1000
= 9.728 km3.
75 3
Volume of water of 3 rivers = 3 × 1072 × ×
1000 1000
= 0.7236 km3.
On comparing we notice, these are approximately same.
Hence proved.
5. An oil funnel made of tin sheet 18 cm
consists of a 10 cm long cylindrical
portion attached to a frustum of a
cone. If the total height is 22 cm,
22 cm
diameter of the cylindrical portion is
8 cm and the diameter of the top of 10 cm
the funnel is 18 cm, find the area of
the tin sheet required to make the 8 cm
funnel (see figure).
18 cm
Sol. Slant height of frustum
12 cm

= (12)2 + (9 − 4) 2 cm = 13 cm.
22 cm
10 cm

∴ Area of tin required

= [2π × 4 × 10 + π × 13(9 + 4)]cm2
8 cm
= (80π + 169π) cm2 = 249 π cm2

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

22
= 249 × cm2
7
5478 4
= cm2 = 782 cm2.
7 7
6. Derive the formula for the curved surface area and total
surface area of the frustum of a cone, using the symbols
which are usually used.
P
Sol. In figure, ABCD is a
frustum of a cone APD.
h and l be respectively l1
h1
the vertical and slant
height of the frustum. r2
C B
r1 and r2 be the radii of M
the ends of the frustum.
From the figure,
h l
∆APQ ~ ∆BPM
AP AQ
∴ = r1
BP BM D A
Q
l1 + l r
⇒ = 1
l1 r2
l1 + l r l r1 − r2
or – 1 = 1 – 1 ⇒ = ...(i)
l1 r2 l1 r2
Now, curved surface area of the frustum (CSA)
= curved surface area of cone APD
– curved surface area of cone BPC
= πr1(l + l1) – πr2l1
= πr1l + πr1l1 – πr2l1
= πr1l + π(r1 – r2)l1
r2 l
= πr1l + π(r1 – r2) r − r [From (i)]
1 2
= πr1l + πr2l
⇒ CSA = p(r 1 + r2)l
Total surface area of the frustum (TSA)
= CSA + surface area of two circular ends

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 Class 10 Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

= π(r1 + r2)l + πr12 + πr22

⇒ TSA = p(r1 + r 2)l + p(r12 + r 22)

7. Derive the formula for the volume of the frustum of a
cone, using the symbols which are usually used.
Sol. In figure, ABCD is a frustum of a cone APD. h be the
height of the frustum. r 1 and r 2 be the radii of the
frustum. P
From the figure,
∆APQ ~ ∆BPM h1
PQ AQ
∴ = C
r2 B
PM BM
M
h1 + h r1
⇒ =
h1 r2 h
h1 + h r
or – 1 = 1 – 1
h1 r2 r1
D A
h r −r Q
⇒ = 1 2
h1 r2
r2 h
⇒ h1 = ...(i)
r1 − r2
Now, volume (V) of the frustum
= volume of cone APD – volume of cone BPC
1 1
= πr 2(h + h) – πr 2h
3 1 1 3 2 1
1
= π(r12h1 + r12h – r22h1)
3
1
= π[r12h + (r12 – r22)h1]
3
1
= π[r12h + (r1 – r2)(r1 + r2)h1]
3
1  2 rh 
π r h + (r1 − r2 )(r1 + r2 ) × 2 
3  1
= [From (i)]
r1 − r2 
1
= π(r12h + r1r2h + r22h)
3
Sh
⇒ V = (r12 + r1r2 + r22).
3

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