International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)

Volume 3, Issue 7 July 2021, pp: 191-194 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

Automatic Waste Segregation System

Mr. J. Muni Chandra Sekhar, Ms. B. Sangeetha, Ms. P. Deepika, Mr.
Guru Prasad
Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Telangana
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ACE Engineering College, Ghatkesar, Telangana

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Submitted: 10-06-2021 Revised: 23-06-2021 Accepted: 26-06-2021
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ABSTRACT collection process. The common method of waste
Rapid increase in volume and types of solid and disposal is by unplanned and uncontrolled dumping
hazardous waste due to continuous economic at landfill areas. This method is hazardous to
growth, urbanization and industrialization, is human health, plant and animal life. When the
becoming a burgeoning problem for national and waste is segregated into basic streams such as
local governments to ensure effective and plastic, metallic and organic, the waste has a higher
sustainable management of waste. It is estimated potential of recovery, and then, recycled and
that in 2006 the total amount of municipal solid reused.
waste generated globally reached 2.02 billion tones,
representing a 7% annual increase since 2003 II. LITERATURE SURVEY
(Global Waste Management Market Report 2007). To better understand the different studies
The segregation, handling, transport, and disposal presented and to be able to determine as to what
of waste needs to be properly managed to minimize kind of algorithm is to be used best the following
the risk to the health and safety of patients, the are the different studies used the different
public, and the environment. The economic value algorithm and studies where it applies. It also has
of waste is best realized when it is segregated. the strength and weaknesses in which it can be used
Currently, there is no such system of segregation of in deciding as to what algorithm is the right one.
dry, wet and metallic wastes at the household level. There are many systems that can separate waste
This paper proposes an Automated Waste into different categories. They are the following -
Segregator (AWS) which is a cheap, easy to use Intelligent Waste Separator (IWS)- can replace the
solution for a segregation system for household traditional way of dealing with waste; The
use, so that it can be sent directly for processing. It prototype automatically places garbage in altered
is designed to sort the refuse into metallic waste, basins and accepts inbound wastes by using a
wet waste and dry waste. This waste segregator multimedia embedded processor, image processing
system can easily segregate waste. specifically using the image recognition algorithm,
Keywords: Arduino uno,Metal detector sensor, and machine learning in order to select and separate
Servo motor. waste. It developed prototype consists of a shared
trash can, with supplementary basins in it, using
I.NTRODUCTION multimedia technology. - Spot Garbage is a
According to a sanitation survey called smartphone-based application. It detects a pile of
“Swachh Survekshan-2016” conducted by the garbage and identifies the location where the
ministry of urban development under the swatch- garbage is present by using the location access of
bharat mission, it was found that about 50% people smartphones. The app uses the convolutional neural
in India face the problem of improper waste networks architecture for identifying wastes in
collection and management. According to centre of images. - IoT based Waste Collection System using
science and environment, innovative disposal and Infrared Sensors- This automatic waste segregator
recycling methods must be introduced instead of uses a modern classification method known as
landfill sites. Thus, we have proposed a cost Convolutional Neural Networks to classify the
effective “Automatic waste segregator and waste into various categories. This system paves
monitoring system” for proper management of the way to better recycling and reuse processes that
waste. Automatic waste segregator categorizes helps in efficient waste management.
thewaste as plastic, metallic or organic. The
monitoring system helps to monitor the waste

DOI: 10.35629/5252-0307191194 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 191
 International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)
Volume 3, Issue 7 July 2021, pp: 191-194 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

III.BLOCK DIAGRAM

Fig 1: Block Diagram

IV. HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS or where several circuits must be controlled by one

ARDUINO UNO signal.
Overview The Arduino Uno is a MOISTURE SENSOR
microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 The working of the soil moisture sensor is
(datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins (of pretty straight forward. The more water in
which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog the soil means better conductivity and will result in
inputs, a 16MHz ceramic resonator, a USB a lower resistance. The less water in the soil means
connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a poor conductivity and will result in a higher
reset button. It contains everything needed to resistance.The Soil Moisture Sensor uses
support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a capacitance to measure dielectric permittivity of the
computer with a USB cable or power it with a AC- surrounding medium. In soil, dielectric permittivity
to-DC adapter or battery to get started. The Uno is a function of the water content. The sensor
differs from all preceding boards in that it does not creates a voltage proportional to the dielectric
use the FTDI USBto-serial driver chip. Instead, it permittivity, and therefore the water content of the
features the Atmega16U2 (Atmega8U2 up to soil.
version R2) programmed as a USB-toserial
converter. DFU mode. METAL DETECTION SENSOR
SERVO MOTOR Inductive Proximity Sensor (“prox”
A servo motor is an electrical device “sensor” or “prox sensor” for short) is an electronic
which can push or rotate an object with great oscillator consisting of an inductive coil made of
precision. If you want to rotate and object at some numerous turns of very fine copper wire, a
specific angles or distance, then you use servo capacitor for storing electrical charge, and an
motor. It is just made up of simple motor which run energy source to provide electrical excitation. The
through servo mechanism. If motor is used is DC size of the inductive coil and the capacitor are
powered then it is called DC servo motor, and if it matched to produce a self-sustaining sine wave
is AC powered motor then it is called AC servo oscillation at a fixed frequency. The coil and the
motor. We can get a very high torque servo motor capacitor act like two electrical springs with a
in a small and light weight packages. Does to these weight hung between them, constantly pushing
features they are being used in many applications electrons back and forth between each other.
like toy car, RC helicopters and planes, Robotics, Electrical energy is fed into the circuit to initiate
Machine etc. and sustain the oscillation. Without sustaining
RELAY energy, the oscillation would collapse due to the
A relay is an electromechanical switch, small power losses from the electrical resistance of
which perform ON and OFF operations without the thin copper wire in the coil and other parasitic
any human interaction. General representation of losses.
double contact relay is shown in fig. Relays are
used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a VOLTAGE REGULATOR
low-power signal (with complete electrical Voltage regulators comprise a class of
isolation between control and controlled circuits), widely used ICs. Regulator IC units contain the

DOI: 10.35629/5252-0307191194 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 192
 International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)
Volume 3, Issue 7 July 2021, pp: 191-194 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

circuitry for reference source, comparator irrespective of AC mains.

amplifier, control device, and overload protection
all in a single IC. IC units provide regulation of MEMORY
either a fixed positive voltage, a fixed negative The ATmega328 has 32 KB (with 0.5 KB used for
voltage, or an adjustably set voltage. The regulators the boot loader). It also has 2 KB of SRAM and 1
can be selected for operation with load currents KB of EEPROM.
from hundreds of milli amperes to tens of amperes, SOFTWARE REQUIRED
corresponding to power ratings from milli watts to
tens ofwatts. ARDUINO IDE
The Arduino Integrated Development
A fixed three-terminal voltage regulator has an Environment (IDE) is a cross-platform application
unregulated dc input voltage, Vi, applied to one (for Windows, macOS, Linux) that is written in
input terminal, a regulated dc output voltage, Vo, functions from C and C++. It is used to write and
from a second terminal, with the third terminal upload programs to Arduino compatible boards, but
connected to ground. also, with the help of third-party cores, other
vendor development boards.
RECTIFIER
The Power supplies are designed to C++ PROGRAMING LANGUAGE
convert high voltage AC mains electricity to a C++ is a powerful general-purpose
sustainable low voltage supply for electronic programming language. It can be used to develop
circuits and other devices. A power supply can be operating systems, browsers, games, and so on.
broken down into a series of blocks, each of which C++ supports different ways of programming like
performs a particular function. A DC power supply procedural, object-oriented, functional, and so on.
which maintains the output voltage constant This makes C++ powerful as well as flexible.

VI.RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Fig 2: Project Kit

VII.CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK Experimental results show that the segregation of
This project proposes an Automated waste into metallic, wet and dry waste has been
Waste Segregator (AWS) which is a cheap,easy to successfully implemented using the AWS.
use solution for a segregation system for household
use, so that it can be sent directly for processing.

DOI: 10.35629/5252-0307191194 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 193
 International Journal of Advances in Engineering and Management (IJAEM)
Volume 3, Issue 7 July 2021, pp: 191-194 www.ijaem.net ISSN: 2395-5252

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DOI: 10.35629/5252-0307191194 Impact Factor value 7.429 | ISO 9001: 2008 Certified Journal Page 194