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Motion

This document defines and describes various types of motion. It explains linear motion as movement along a straight line and defines distance and displacement. Speed is the rate of change of position over distance, while velocity also considers direction. Uniform motion has no change in speed or direction, while non-uniform motion's velocity changes over time. Acceleration is a change in velocity over time, and can be uniform, non-uniform, positive, negative, or zero. Equations of motion and circular motion are also outlined.

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Avinash Mansuk
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55 views

Motion

This document defines and describes various types of motion. It explains linear motion as movement along a straight line and defines distance and displacement. Speed is the rate of change of position over distance, while velocity also considers direction. Uniform motion has no change in speed or direction, while non-uniform motion's velocity changes over time. Acceleration is a change in velocity over time, and can be uniform, non-uniform, positive, negative, or zero. Equations of motion and circular motion are also outlined.

Uploaded by

Avinash Mansuk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Motion

 Motion: Change in position of a body with respect to the reference frame(point) is ‘motion’.

 Linear Motion: A moving body changes its position with time along a straight line.

 Distance: Path length covered by a body between two points.

 Displacement: The shortest distance between two points.

 Speed is the rate of change of position in ‘distance’. Distance can be measured by


‘odometer’.

 Velocity is the rate of change of ‘displacement’. Velocity is a quantity that has both
magnitude and direction.

 Magnitude of velocity = Magnitude of average speed, only when there is no change in


direction.

 Uniform motion: A body is said to be in uniform motion if there is no change in velocity.


That is, no change in speed or direction. Eg. A body moving in a straight line

 Non-uniform motion – Velocity (in terms of speed/ direction or both) changes with time

 Acceleration: A body is said to be ‘accelerating’ when its velocity changes with time.

 Uniform acceleration: Uniform change in velocity with time is uniform acceleration.

 Non-uniform acceleration: Non-uniform change in velocity with time.

 The acceleration is positive when the velocity of the moving body increases with time .
 The acceleration is negative when the velocity of the moving body decreases with time .

 The acceleration of a body is considered to be zero when the velocity of the moving body
does not change.

 Distance-time graph

 Velocity-time graph

 Equation of motion

1st equation v = u + at

2nd equation

3rd equation 2as = v2 – u2

 Circular motion: A body is said to be in circular motion when it rotates about a fix point.

v = 2πr/T

Uniform circular motion: If the speed of rotation is constant, then the circular motion is
uniform.

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