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Problem Set 1 CHE 510

This document outlines a problem set for a process control and instrumentation course. The problem set contains 6 problems analyzing dynamical systems under different control schemes using transfer functions and MATLAB/Simulink. The goals are to equip students with skills in analyzing closed-loop systems stability and controller tuning under P/PI/PD/PID control schemes. Students are expected to spend around 3 hours to complete the problem set.

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97 views4 pages

Problem Set 1 CHE 510

This document outlines a problem set for a process control and instrumentation course. The problem set contains 6 problems analyzing dynamical systems under different control schemes using transfer functions and MATLAB/Simulink. The goals are to equip students with skills in analyzing closed-loop systems stability and controller tuning under P/PI/PD/PID control schemes. Students are expected to spend around 3 hours to complete the problem set.

Uploaded by

Peace
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHE 510: PROCESS CONTROL & INSTRUMENTATION

PROBLEM SET 1

Assigned out: 21/02/2023 Due date: 2 weeks

Goals: The main goals of this problem set are to equip students with the following skills sets:

1) ability to analyze dynamical systems under different types of P/PI/PD/PID control,

2) ability to use MATLAB/SIMULINK for closed-loop systems analysis.

Time: This problem set will require you to put in an average of 3 hours. Don’t be intimidated by this.
It doesn’t have to be all at once. You can take break in between. Please have fun while solving the
problem. Best wishes!

[1] A chemical process is described by the transfer function


1
𝑔(𝑠) =
(5𝑠 + 1)(𝑠 + 1)
(a) Find the range of controller settings that will yield
stable closed-loop systems for:
(i) A proportional-only controller.
(ii) A proportional-integral controller (𝜏𝐼 = 0.1, 1.0, 10.0).
(b) What can you say about the effect of adding larger
amounts of the integral action on the stability of the
controlled system; that is, does it tend to stabilize or
destabilize the system relative to proportional-only
control? Justify your answer.
[2] Consider a third-order process with gm = gv = 2 and
2
𝑔(𝑠) = 𝑔𝑑 (𝑠) =
(𝑠 + 2)3
(a) Find the roots of the characteristic equation for a
proportional controller gc = kc for kc = 1, 8, and 27.
Classify each case as stable, unstable, or marginally
stable.
(b) Derive a formula for the offset for a disturbance
change as a function of kc.
(b) Show that there will be no offset in the control loop
when using a PI controller for a unit step change in the
disturbance. Hint: Final Value Theorem can be useful in
this regard.
[3] The block diagram shown in Figure 1 is that of a
cascade control system. Derive expressions for the
closed-loop transfer functions relating y(s) with (a)
𝑦𝑑 (𝑠), (b) 𝑑1 (𝑠) and (c) 𝑑2 (𝑠).

Figure 1:
[4] Consider the system shown in Figure 2, which has an
unstable feedforward transfer function under P-control.
Determine:
(a) the poles and zeros of the open-loop transfer function
G(s).
(b) the value of kc at which the system is on the verge of
instability,
(c) the value of kc at which the roots break-away/break-in
(d) Use the information above to generate the root locus
diagram of the closed-loop system. Locate the closed-loop
poles. Show that, although the closed loop poles lie on the
negative real axis and the system is not oscillatory, the unit-
step response curve will exhibit overshoot

yd y
𝑘𝑐 10(𝑠 + 1)
+ 𝑠(𝑠 − 3)
_

Figure 2.
[5] Consider a first order system shown in Figure 3 which
under PI-control. Determine:
𝑦(𝑠) 𝑦(𝑠)
(a) the closed-loop transfer function: (i) (ii)
𝑦𝑑 (𝑠) 𝑑(𝑠)

(b) Transient response of y to a step change in the setpoint,


𝑦𝑑 of size −6. Sketch this response.
(c) Transient response of y to a step change in the
disturbance, 𝑑 of size +5. Sketch this response.
(d) Develop a SIMULINK model of the control system and use
it to ascertain the closed-loop transient responses sketched in
(c) and (d).
d

2
(3𝑠 + 1)

yd + y
3
4 (1 + )
2.5 +
+ 4𝑠 (6𝑠 + 1)
_

Figure 3.
[6] Determine the range of controller parameter 𝑘𝑐 for which
the closed-loop system shown in Figure 4 is stable using the
Roult’s stability criterion.

yd 𝑘𝑐 1 + 0.5𝑠 y
+ 1 + 10𝑠
_

𝑠+1
𝑠−1
Figure 4.

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