Indian National Physics Olympiad
2022
(Mock Exam)
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Instructions
1. This booklet consists of 5 problems.
2. The final answer to each sub-question should be neatly written. You
are also required to show your detailed working neatly in a separate
answer sheet.
3. Marks will be awarded on the basis of what you write in the answer
sheets. Marks may be deducted if the examiner finds an absence of
detailing.
4. You have 3 hours to attempt the paper. The total marks are 100.
5. Non-programmable scientific calculators are allowed. Mobile phones
cannot be used as calculators.
6. Use blue or black pen to write answers. Pencil may be used for dia-
grams/graphs/sketches.
7. All constants have their natural value. You may or may not substitute
the values for calculating the final numerical answer.
1
Pr.1
A thin rectangular metal plate, one side of length a and the other which is
very long relative to a is placed on the surface of a liquid that is completely
wetted with respect to the metal. The glass plate is slowly raised to the
highest position so that the liquid is still attached to the plate. Let φ be the
angle formed by the tangent at any point M on the liquid boundary with
the horizontal. Given that the barometric pressure is P0 , the density of the
liquid is ρ, the surface tension of the liquid is σ, and the acceleration due to
gravity is g.
1. Find the x, y coordinates of M in the given O(x, y) coordinate system
as shown in the figure.
q
σ
2. Given a > 1.1 ρg , determine:
(a) The maximum height h of the metal plate above the horizontal
liquid surface.
(b) The minimum width b of the column of liquid adhering to the
metal plate.
(c) The vertical force per unit length on the long side of the sheet
given the unit length (long side) weight of the metal is P .
q
σ
3. Redo the problem in the case a < ρg .
2
Pr.2
Good fresh beef sometimes emits a greenish light instead. After careful study,
we found that it is not the presence of mold on the surface, but the texture
of the beef reflects the light in such a way that a grating is formed, and the
green light is enhanced in some directions. Assuming that the thickness of
the beef grain is a, and the angle between the cut surface and the grain is
θ, each exposed section of beef can be considered as a small section of plane
mirror. The most common incident light is perpendicular to the cut surface,
and the reflected light is most easily observed in the direction where the angle
of incidence and the angle of reflection are equal. What should be the angle
of tangency θ for a green light of wavelength λ, so that the reflected light
from different layers is coherent and intensifies, resulting in the perception
of a greenish color?
Pr.3
Let us introduce the structure of diamond. A unit cell is a cube with carbon
atoms on 8 vertices and 6 face centers. The centroids of the three adjacent
faces and the vertex closest to them form a regular tetrahedron. In this way,
a total of 8 regular tetrahedra can be formed, now we find 4 tetrahedra that
are not adjacent to each other, and place a carbon atom in the center of
each body. Finally, the adjacent carbon atoms are connected with carbon-
carbon bonds, and the structure of diamond is obtained. Next, replace each
carbon atom with a node and each carbon-carbon bond with a resistor with
a resistance value of r. Find the equivalent resistance between two adjacent
nodes and the next two adjacent nodes in an infinite network.
3
Pr.4
As shown in the figure, a thin-walled homogeneous cylinder of mass M and
radius R is placed on a horizontal tabletop, and a light rope spans both the
cylinder and the two fixed pulleys fixed on the edge of the table (the mass
of the pulley is negligible, the radius is small), and a block of mass m is
connected to each end. The initial system is in a static state, and the angle
between the two ropes between the pulley and the cylinder and the table top
is θ0 . Now move the cylinder horizontally to the right by a small distance
from the initial position and release it from rest.
1. Assuming that the friction between the cylinder and the table and
between the cylinder and the rope can be ignored, try to prove that the
center of mass C of the cylinder undergoes simple harmonic vibration
after release, and obtain the angular frequency of the vibration;
4
2. Assuming that the friction coefficient between the cylinder and the
table and between the cylinder and the rope is large enough, so that
there is no relative sliding between the cylinder, the table and the rope,
try to prove that the center of mass C of the cylinder undergoes simple
harmonic vibration after release, and find the angular frequency of the
vibration.
Pr.5
A mono-atomic (γ = 5/3) ideal gas undergoes a cycle as depicted in the
graph below. The y-axis is θ = PP0 and the x-axis is ϕ = VV0 . Calculate the
efficiency of the cycle.
