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First and Second Conditional

The document discusses the first and second conditional. [1] The first conditional is used for possible future events, with "if" referring to a real possibility. The second conditional is used for hypothetical or unlikely situations, with "if" referring to an imaginary scenario. [2] Examples are provided to illustrate the structures. Key differences are noted, such as using "will" for the first conditional and "would" for the second. [3] Practice exercises follow for the reader to complete conditional sentences based on given situations.

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56 views

First and Second Conditional

The document discusses the first and second conditional. [1] The first conditional is used for possible future events, with "if" referring to a real possibility. The second conditional is used for hypothetical or unlikely situations, with "if" referring to an imaginary scenario. [2] Examples are provided to illustrate the structures. Key differences are noted, such as using "will" for the first conditional and "would" for the second. [3] Practice exercises follow for the reader to complete conditional sentences based on given situations.

Uploaded by

Sofía
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HEAAADERLOGORIGHT

GENERAL ENGLISH · GRAMMAR PRACTICE · INTERMEDIATE (B1-B2)

FIRST AND
SECOND
CONDITIONAL
Scan to review worksheet
Qrrko Expemo code:
D
12G8-U3H9-5EK3

1 Presentation

When we talk about possible or hypothetical situations with If ..., we can use a first conditional or
second conditional structure. Study the table below.

Structure Examples and use

First conditional According to the weather forecast, it might rain


If I do ..., I’ll (= I will) ... tonight.
Instead of will, we can If it rains, I’ll stay at home.
use other modal verbs, We use the first conditional when there is a real
e.g. can, might, may, possibility that something will happen in the future.
must, should. If I don’t call you tonight, you can call me.
Will you wait for me if I am late?

Second conditional At the moment, it’s raining. If it was sunny, I’d go out.
If I did ..., I’d (= I would) ... We use the second conditional when we imagine a
Instead of would, we can situation or when there is very little or no possibility that
use could or might. something will happen.
What would you do if you found a lot of money in
the street?
If it wasn’t dark outside, we could go out.
HEAAADERLOGORIGHT
INTERMEDIATE (B1-B2)

FIRST AND SECOND CONDITIONAL

Things to remember

• We do not use will or would in the if-part of a conditional sentence: If it


will rain rains, I’ll stay at home.
• The if-part of the sentence can go at the beginning or at the end:
If it rains, I’ll stay at home. I’ll stay at home if it rains.
• In the second conditional we use if + past (if I did, if I didn’t, etc.), but the meaning is not past. In
this type of structure, the past tense refers to an imaginary or hypothetical situation, such as finding a lot
of money in the street:
What would you do if you found a lot of money in the street?
• In a first conditional sentence, we can use when instead of if for things that we are sure will happen:
When she comes, I’ll call you.

2 Practice 1
Put the verb in the correct form to complete each sentence.

1. If global warming continues, temperatures will rise (rise) even higher.


2. What would you do if you won (win) a million dollars?
3. If people stopped using cars completely, there would be (be) much less pollution.
4. When it rains (rain) again, I won’t forget to bring my umbrella.
5. If I spoke English fluently I wouldn’t need (not/need) to take lessons.
6. If Siberia weren’t not/be) so cold, I’d go there in winter.
7. Tom will be at the party tonight. If I see him, I will say (say) hello.
8. If it didn't rain (not/rain) so much in England, you wouldn’t see so many umbrellas.
9. I’ll call (call) you when I get home.
10. Where will you live (you/live) when you move out of your flat?
11. If you could (can) choose any company, which company would you like to work for?
HEAAADERLOGORIGHT
INTERMEDIATE (B1-B2)

FIRST AND SECOND CONDITIONAL

3 Practice 2

Study each situation and complete the sentence below. Decide whether to use a
first or second conditional structure.

1. According to the weather forecast there is a chance of snow tomorrow. If it


snows (snow), I will need (need) to buy a pair of gloves.
2. Patrick is deciding whether to go to France or Spain on his next holiday.
If Patrick goes (go) to Spain, he will be (be) very satisfied.
3. John works 12 hours a day.
If John weren't (not/be) so busy, he would have (have) more time for his family.
4. Kate is out of work, but she goes shopping every day.
If Kate continues (continue) to go shopping, she will run out (run out) of money.
5. It is a sunny day with clear blue skies.
If it rained (rain), I would need (need) an umbrella.
6. Anne’s boss is very demanding.
If Anne’s boss weren't (not/be) so demanding, she wouldn’t be(not/be) so stressed.
7. Daniel has an exam tomorrow.
If Daniel passes (pass) his exam, he will celebrate (celebrate) with his friends.
8. Fabio and Carlo are best friends.
If Fabio and Carlo weren’t (not/be) best friends, they probably wouldn't be (not/be) living together.
9. The Olympic Games are held every four years.
If the Olympics were (be) held every year, they wouldn't be (not/be) so interesting.

4 Practice 3

Look at the situations below. Decide if they are impossible/hypothetical or


possible and form a conditional sentence for each one. Where possible, try to use other
modal verbs instead of will or would, for example can, could, might, may, should, must.
Examples:

If it rains this weekend, I may not go out.


If I had a holiday next week, I might go to Portugal.
It will rain this weekend, I 'll stay at home

If it rains this weekend, I won´t go out.

You will have a holiday next week,


if you finish this week’s job.

If you finish this week’s job, you


will have free time next Monday
HEAAADERLOGORIGHT
INTERMEDIATE (B1-B2)

FIRST AND SECOND CONDITIONAL

You will speak English fluently, if


you practice.

If you practice, you will be able to


speak English with her.

You will win the lottery, if you buy the right


number.

If you buy the right number, you might win


the lottery and buy a house.

If the team entrains enough. your country will


win the football World Cup.

France will win the football World Cup if


Patrick partipates.

You will go out tonight with some friends, if you


have enough money.

If you have enough money, you could buy


Charlie a nice present.

I might live in another country, if I win a


scholarship,

If I win the scholarship, I might travel to


Germany.

You could fly, if you had wings.

If I had wings, I would visit Italy.

You will be late for your next lesson, if you


don’t rush.

If you don´t rush, you’re going to be late for


your grandma's birthday.

You will meet the president of your country, if


you go to the presidential palace.

If you don't go to the presidential palace,


you're going to regret it.

If you don’t finish your homework soon, you


will go to bed later than usual tonight.

If you don't concentrate, you are not going to


finish your homework.

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