10/1/2020

P δ and p∆
ECP203 vs ACI318

Eng. Hanna Fawzy

‫∆‪In this study need to find out the difference between Pδ and P‬‬

‫‪And difference between ECP203 and ACI 318‬‬

‫‪1-According ECP203-2018‬‬
‫ري‬ ‫ود ا‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر ف ا زا‬
‫‪δ‬‬
‫‪$‬ط‬ ‫دة‬ ‫‪#‬ا‬ ‫‪ -‬دة ‪ #$‬ا‬ ‫ود‬ ‫ف ار " ع ا‬ ‫ل ا رأ‪#$ %‬‬ ‫* ن (را‬ ‫ا ‪#‬‬ ‫ھ‪ #‬ا زا‬

‫∆‬
‫طو‬ ‫دة‬ ‫!را‬ ‫و دث طرف ا " ود ا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ل ا را‬ ‫را‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ھ ا زا‬
‫ه ت ا درا‬ ‫و ط ‪ (, δ $‬دة ا‬ ‫‪ δavg‬وھ‬ ‫ا &ود ا ‪%‬‬ ‫"ر('‬

‫'‬ ‫‪ .‬وظ‬
‫ل ا ‪/‬د‬ ‫" ج ‪ (,‬دة ‪1‬رف ا ظر ‪ .‬را& ب ا‬ ‫با‬ ‫ن‬ ‫‪ 3‬ن ا زا‬ ‫‪ ,‬ظ ا &ود ا ‪1‬ري‬
‫ا &ود ا ر & و وف‬ ‫س ل ا ‪&6‬ل ا‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫ا دا‬ ‫اي ان ا دي ا زا ن ط ‪/‬دم ط‬
‫"د‪.‬‬ ‫"رف (‪8 .‬‬

‫‪١‬‬
‫‪Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy‬‬
 ‫ا‬ ‫ب ا زا‬ ‫&;‬
‫‪δ‬‬

‫‪δavg‬‬ ‫∆او‬
‫ب∆‬ ‫ا &ود ا ‪1‬ري طر ن‬ ‫و د‬
‫ا ر‬ ‫‪ -١‬ا طر‬

‫‪P-∆ EFFECT‬‬ ‫ا د‪$‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬ا طر‬

‫دة (‪ .‬ا ( دة و ا & رات و ا ‪,‬ط ت ا ‪' .1‬‬ ‫ا=ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر ا زا‬ ‫ب ‪ ,‬ظ ان‬
‫ا‪%‬‬
‫‪Design Moment‬‬

‫دة‬ ‫‪#‬ا‬

‫‪٢‬‬
‫‪Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy‬‬
 ٣
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 ‫دة‬ ‫را‬.#

٤
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
1-According ACI 318
# ‫ود ا ر‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر ف ا زا‬
‫رة (ل ا ود‬/ $ 0 ‫زوم‬- ‫ م ا زوم و س‬30 ‫ت‬ ‫ن طر ق‬- ‫ا‬ ‫( ر ا زا‬6 ‫ذ‬36 # ‫ا ود ا ر‬
‫ا ري‬
δ OR δns non sway magnification factor
‫دة‬ ‫ ر‬F ‫دة وا‬ ‫ا‬# %‫ل ا رأ‬ ‫ود‬ ‫ف ار " ع ا‬ #$ ‫دث‬ ‫زوم‬ ‫ م‬30 ‫ل‬ ‫ھو‬

∆ OR δs sway magnification factor

‫دة‬ ‫!را‬ . ‫( د طرف ا " ود‬ ‫لا‬ ‫نا‬ ‫ م ا "زوم ا‬/% ‫ھو " ل‬

‫ا‬ ‫(ن ا زا‬ ‫ م ا "زوم ا‬/% ‫ت‬, " ‫ب‬ ;&

δ OR δns non sway magnification factor

٥
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
∆ OR δs sway magnification factor

Design Moment

‫دة‬ ‫ا‬#

‫دة‬ ‫را‬. #

٦
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
Example 1

For The column shown in the figure below to support PDL=700KN and PLL=325KN.For
simplicity the column may be assumed hinged at the foundations level, find the design
forces including buckling effects according ECP203 and ACI 318
The column is considered UN braced in x-direction and braced in y-direction. The material
Proper5es are Fcu=30 N/mm2 and fy=360 N/mm2

1-According ECP203

Pu=1.4D.L+1.6L.L

=1.4x700+1.6x325=1500 KN

a-X direction

Column Unbraced

Ho=6.6-0.6=6.0m

Column End conditions

At top fixed

At bottom hinged

From table 6-10

K=1.60

He=6x1.6=9.6 λ=9.6/.45=21.33 >10<23 Long column

21.33 0.45
0.102
2000 2000
Madd=1500*0.102=153.55 KN.m

٧
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
M2=0.0 My (design)=153.55 KN.m

b-Y direction

Ho=2.80

Column braced in y direction

Conserva5vely consider K=1.0

He=2.80 λ=2.8/.25=11.2 <15.0 column is short column

Madd=0.0 Mx design =0.0

2-According ACI 318

As the main purpose is comparing ACI 318 and ECP203 Design strength, and checking the
ability to use ACI318 as replacement to ECP203 in the structural programs, so confirmed
using ECP203 combina5ons for all example of this study

Pu=1.4D.L+1.6L.L

=1.4x700+1.6x325=1500 KN

As there is not lateral loads, so the column consider braced for both side.

a-X direction

Conserva5vely consider K=1.0

Ho=6.6-0.6=6.0m

r=0.3x0.45=0.135

1x6/0.135=44.44>22 column is slender column

1.4 ∗ 1.4 700

0.653
1.4 1.6 1500
Ec=4400√30 24099 according ECP203

Ec=4700√24 23025 according ACI 318

٨
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
Use Ec=24099 MPA

Ig= 1898437500

. ## $#$ %& %
= '.( %
1.107 10

%. ) . & *
Pc= ( ) 3032070 +

Cm=1.0

=1500(15+.03x450)=42.75 KN.m

1
2.93
1500
1,
0.75 3032

My=2.93x42.75=125.6 KN.m

a-Y direction

Ho=2.80

Conserva5vely consider K=1.0

٩
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
r=0.3x0.25=0.075

1x2.8/0.075=37.33>22 column is slender column

Ig= 585937500

. ## $ #%&
= 3.41 10
'.( %

%. ) %. *)
Pc= 4301511+
$ )

Cm=1.0

=1500(15+.03x250)=33.75 KN.m

1
1.87
1500
1,
0.75 4301
As the Mmin considered in My , therefore not needed to consider Mmin for Mx

Mx=1.87x0=0.0 KN.m

١٠
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 3-According ACI 318 with Etabs

Etabs calcula5on are Iden5cal with the Hand calcula5ons according ACI318

Kindly note O/S #20 message due that δ >1.4 according ACI 318 provision

Actually as λ with the Egyptian code limits so may the O/S#20 can be neglected

But in some cases may better to revise column dimensions, this judgement

Is up to the designer

Design load conclusion

pu Mx My
ECP203 1500 0 153
ACI318 hand calcula5on 1500 0 125
ACI318-Etabs 1500 0 126

١١
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
EXAMPLE 2

For the plan show below, need to calculate the structural design straining actions the Edge
column 3,A considering buckling effects at ground story ,

This building is consist of 9 stories, ground story height 5.0 m and repeated story height
3.30 m

Assumed load Data:-

Floor cover =2 KN/m2 wall load =4 KN/m2

Live load =2 KN/m2 for seismic Building located in Cairo and soil coefficient B

Interior columns size assumed to be 500x500, edge columns 250x900

١٢
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 USING ETABS FOR CALCLATE 1ST ORDER ANALYSIS

COLUMN @ (3, A) Ground

Story Column Output Case Station P Mx My

kN kN-m kN-m
GROUND C8 U1-1.4DL+1.6LL B -1916 7.7006 8.5723
GROUND C8 U1-1.4DL+1.6LL T -1881 -13.3613 -13.5994
GROUND C8 U2-1.12DL+0.25LL+EX B -1324 5.0536 169.969
GROUND C8 U2-1.12DL+0.25LL+EX T -1296 -8.9744 -48.6548

Calculate Buckling effect

According ECP203

As Building is not including Shear wall, building is considered UN braced According

ECP203/2018

1-X Direction

١٣
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
Find δ avg for the Ground story X direction

Analysis
Label Section tx Ho K He λx δx
m m m m
C1 C 50X50 0.5 4.4 1.2 5.28 10.6 0.028
C2 C 50X50 0.5 4.4 1.2 5.28 10.6 0.028
C3 C 50X50 0.5 4.4 1.2 5.28 10.6 0.028
C4 C 50X50 0.5 4.4 1.2 5.28 10.6 0.028
C5 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.018
C6 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.018
C7 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.018
C8 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.018
C9 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.056
C10 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.056
C11 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.056
C12 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.056
C13 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.056
C14 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.056
C15 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.056
C16 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.056
δavg= 0.039

δxavg= 0.039 m 2 δxavg= 0.078784

δx less than 2δxavg

١٤
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
1-Y Direction

Analysis
Label Section ty Ho K He λy δy
m m m m
C1 C 50X50 0.5 4.4 1.2 5.28 10.6 0.0279
C2 C 50X50 0.5 4.4 1.2 5.28 10.6 0.0279
C3 C 50X50 0.5 4.4 1.2 5.28 10.6 0.0279
C4 C 50X50 0.5 4.4 1.2 5.28 10.6 0.0279
C5 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.0558
C6 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.0558
C7 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.0558
C8 C 25X90 0.25 4.4 1.2 5.28 21.1 0.0558
C9 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.0182
C10 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.0182
C11 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.0182
C12 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.0182
C13 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.0182
C14 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.0182
C15 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.0182
C16 C 25X90 0.9 4.4 1.3 5.72 6.36 0.0182
δavg= 0.03

δyavg= 0.03 m 2 δyavg = 0.06

δy less than 2δyavg

Column axis 3,A

Calculate Maddx,Madd y
Combination (1.4DL+1.6LL)
Pu=1916 , Mx2=13.36 My2 =13.6 KN.m

My add=Pu* δxavg=1916*.039=74.724 KN.m

MY=13.6+74.7=88.324 KN.m

Mx add=Pu* δyavg=1916*.03=57.48 KN.m

Mx=13.36+57.48=70.84 KN.m

Loads after buckling effect

Pu=1916 KN Mx=70.84 KN.m My=88.324 KN.m

Combination (1.12DL+0.25LL +EX)

Pu=1324 KN Mx2=5.05KN.m My2=169.97 KN.m

١٥
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 Mx add=Pu* δyavg=1324*0.039=51.636 KN.m

Mx=5.05+51.636=56.686 KN.m

My add= Pu* δxavg=1324*.03=39.72 KN.m

MY=169.97+39.72=209.7 KN.m

Loads after buckling effect

Pu=1324 KN Mx=56.686 KN.m My=209.7 KN.m

Column axis 3,A design combination

Story Column Output Case Station P Mx My
kN kN-m kN-m
GROUND CB-2 U1-1.4DL+1.6LL T 1916 70.84 88.324
GROUND CB-2 U2-1.12DL+0.25LL+EX B 1324 56.686 209.7
According ACI 318

1ST order analysis loads

Combination (1.4DL+1.6LL)
According ACI 318 , gravity combina5on is non-sway

Calculate δxns

Mx1=7.7 KN.m Mx2=-13.36 KN.m Pu=-1916

Conserva5vely consider K=1.0

Ho=5-0.6=4.40m

r=0.3x0.250=0.075

1x4.4/0.075=58.>22 column is slender column

1.4 ∗ 1.4 1168

0.853
1.4 1.6 1916
Ec=4400√30 24099 according ECP203

١٦
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
Ec=4700√24 23025 according ACI 318

Use Ec=24099 MPA

#
Ig= 1171875000

. ## & $&
= 6.096 10
' .$ %

%. ) (. #( *)
Pc= ) 3107844+

Cm=0.6-0.4(7.7/13.36)=.369

=1916(15+.03x250)=43.11 KN.m

. 369
2.073 - 1.0
1916
1,
0.75 310.78
δxns=2.073

Mx=13.36*2.073=27.69 KN.m

Calculate δyns

١٧
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 My1=-8.57 KN.m My2=-13.6 KN.m Pu=-1916

Conserva5vely consider K=1.0

Ho=5-0.6=4.40m

r=0.3x0.90=0.27

1x4.4/0.27=16.29<22 column is non slender column

=1916(15+.03x900)=80.388 KN.m

δyns=1.0

My=80.388*1.0=80.388 KN.m

Min Moment considered in My, shouldn't considered in both direction in the same time

Design loads Load combina5on 1.4D+1.6LL

Pu=1916 Mx=27.69 My=80.388

Combination (U2-1.12DL+0.25LL+EX)
According ACI 318 , is sway

Normally check the building is sway or not according finding Q value .but we will consider
the building sway

Story Column Output Case Station P Mx My

kN kN-m kN-m
GROUND C8 U2-1.12DL+0.25LL+EX B -1324 5.0536 169.969
GROUND C8 U2-1.12DL+0.25LL+EX T -1296 -8.9744 -48.6548

As the building classified as Sway Building, need to find δav for the all story

Pu total for Ground flor 26483 KN find sum Pn for all columns for x direc5on

١٨
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
 Analysis
Label Section b tx Ho Ix K He Eieff Pc
m m mm4 m KN
C1 C 50X50 500 500 4400 5.208E+09 1.2 5280 5.02063E+13 17773136.1
C2 C 50X50 500 500 4400 5.208E+09 1.2 5280 5.02063E+13 17773136.1
C3 C 50X50 500 500 4400 5.208E+09 1.2 5280 5.02063E+13 17773136.1
C4 C 50X50 500 500 4400 5.208E+09 1.2 5280 5.02063E+13 17773136.1
C5 C 25X90 250 900 4400 1.519E+10 1.3 5720 1.46401E+14 44159828.1
C6 C 25X90 250 900 4400 1.519E+10 1.3 5720 1.46401E+14 44159828.1
C7 C 25X90 250 900 4400 1.519E+10 1.3 5720 1.46401E+14 44159828.1
C8 C 25X90 250 900 4400 1.519E+10 1.3 5720 1.46401E+14 44159828.1
C9 C 25X90 900 250 4400 1.172E+09 1.2 5280 1.12964E+13 3998955.63
C10 C 25X90 900 250 4400 1.172E+09 1.2 5280 1.12964E+13 3998955.63
C11 C 25X90 900 250 4400 1.172E+09 1.2 5280 1.12964E+13 3998955.63
C12 C 25X90 900 250 4400 1.172E+09 1.2 5280 1.12964E+13 3998955.63
C13 C 25X90 900 250 4400 1.172E+09 1.2 5280 1.12964E+13 3998955.63
C14 C 25X90 900 250 4400 1.172E+09 1.2 5280 1.12964E+13 3998955.63
C15 C 25X90 900 250 4400 1.172E+09 1.2 5280 1.12964E+13 3998955.63
C16 C 25X90 900 250 4400 1.172E+09 1.2 5280 1.12964E+13 3998955.63
279723502

δyav=
1
1.144 - 1.0
26483
1,
0.75 279723
δyav= 1.144

Find δxns and δyns for the column under study

Mxs1=0 Mxns1=5.05

Mxs2=0 Mxns2=-8.97

Pu=1324 KN
1.12 ∗ 1.12 1320
1.11 - 1 1.0
1.12 .25 1324
#
Ig= 1171875000

. ## & $&
= '
5.648 10

%. ) .( $ *)
Pc= ) 2876395+

١٩
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
Cm=0.6-0.4(5.05/8.97)=.374

.%&
δ /0 * )2 1.0
1
3.456)748.2
Mx=8.97*1=8.97

Find δyns
Mys1=164 Myns1=5.88 My1=5.88+164*1.144=192.84

Mys2=39 Myns2=9.40 MY2=9.4+39*1.144=54.016

Pu=1324 KN
1.12 ∗ 1.12 1320
1.11 - 1 1.0
1.12 .25 1324
#
Ig= 15187500000

. ## $&
= 7.32 10
'

%. ) &.% *)
Pc= ) 37317255+

٢٠
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy
Cm=0.6-0.4(54/192.84)=0.488

. $$
δ9/0 * )2 1.0
1
3.456 4 *4
Design Loads

Pu=1324 MX=8.97*1=8.97 MY=192.84*1.0=192.84

Conclusion
1.4DL+1.6LL 1.12DL+0.25LL+EX
Pu Mx My Pu Mx My
ECP203 1916 70.84 88.324 1324 56.686 209.7
ACI318 1916 27.69 80.388 1324 8.97 192.84

End of the study

References
1-Egyp5an code 203-2018
2-ACI code 318-2019
3-Dr Mashhor Ghonem vol 2
4-SP-17M(14) The Reinforced Concrete Design Handbook, 2015

For any clarification or Correction kindly mail me

[email protected]

٢١
Structural Engineer Hanna Fawzy