IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol.

9, Issue 8, 2021 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613

Performance Analysis of Solar Based Water Purification System

Using Reflector
Dhruvin Goti1 Ritul Kukadiya2 Chetan Mayani3 Bhavin Gambhava4 Prof. Kailas Sakpal5
1,2,3,4,5
Department of Mechanical Engineering
1,2,3,4,5
Bhagwan Mahavir College of Engineering and Technology, India
Abstract— There is almost no water left on earth that is safe
to drink without purification after 20-25 years from today.
This is a seemingly bold statement, but it is unfortunately
true. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a fresh, liquid state, and
nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and toxic
chemicals. For this reason, purification of water supplies is
extremely important. Keeping these things in mind, we have
devised a model which will convert the dirty/saline water into
pure/potable water using the renewable source of energy (i.e.
solar energy). The basic modes of the heat transfer involved
are radiation, convection and conduction. The results are
obtained by evaporation of the dirty/saline water and fetching
it out as pure/drinkable water. Water is fundamental to human
life on earth for survival and good health. Access to safe water Fig. 1: Drawing of Solar Still
is a major challenge in many communities in developing a) Basic Principle of Solar Still
countries. As word population and social-economy growth The basic principles of solar water distillation are simple, yet
societies are challenged to provide fresh water to meet those effective, as distillation replicates the way nature makes rain.
needs for all of their people. Growing demands of fresh water The sun's energy heats water to the point of evaporation. As
resource are creating and argent need to developed self- the water evaporates, water vapour rises, condensing on the
sustained system to meet the demand of fresh water. Among glass surface for collection. This process removes impurities,
the available purification technologies, renewable energy such as salts and heavy metals, and eliminates
technologies operate on basic principles of solar water microbiological organisms. The end result is water cleaner
distillation. The sun’s energy heat increases the rate of than the purest rainwater.
evaporation. As the water evaporates, water vapour rise and
condenses on the glass surface for collection. This process
removes impurities such as salts and heavy metals as well as
eliminates microbiological organisms.
Keywords: Clean Drinking Water, Solar Still, Energy
Absoption, Reflector, Shaft, Top Cover

INTRODUCTION
The need for safe, clean drinking water is increasing rapidly.
Rapid economic growth and climate change have resulted in
increasing pressure on quality and quantity of water resources Fig. 2: Basic Principle of Solar Still
especially in tropical developing countries. There is often 2) Top Cover
enough water available, but it is salty, brackish and need The passage from where irradiation occurs on the surface of
technique to make it safe to drink. Emerging desalination the basin is the top cover. Also, it is the surface where
technology using renewable energy is viewed as a feasible condensate collects. So the features of the top cover are
alternative to supply water as it can be cost defective but also  Transparent to solar radiation,
has potential to transform the lives of people living in small  Non-absorbent and Non-absorbent of water,
communities in remote areas and islands.  Clean and smooth surface.
A. Main Component
 Solar still
 Top cover
 Water collecting narrow
 Frame
 Reflector plate
1) Solar Still
Solar still is device used to convert saline water to fresh water Fig. 3: TOP COVER
using heat of sun. Solar still is an easy way of purifying water,
using the heat of the sun to drive evaporation from wet soil,
and surrounding air to cool a condenser film.

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 Performance Analysis of Solar Based Water Purification System Using Reflector
(IJSRD/Vol. 9/Issue 08/2021/010)

WORKING PROCEDURE
The basic principles of solar water distillation are simple, yet
effective, as distillation replicates the way nature makes rain.
The sun's energy heats water to the point of evaporation. As
the water evaporates, water vapour rises, condensing on the
glass surface for collection. This process removes impurities,
such as salts and heavy metals, and eliminates
microbiological organisms. The end result is water cleaner
than the purest rainwater.
A. Design Parameters
Description Parameters
Material Mild Steel
Load Capacity 35 kg
Dimensions Max. 500 * 300 mm
Bearing Diameter 10 mm
Wheel Diameter 70 mm
Table 1: Design Parameters
B. Material
Description Material
Solar Still Semi Conductior
Frame Mild Steel
Plate Mild Steel
Reflector Glass Fig. 6: 3D SOLID MODEL OF MAIN BODY
Nut-Bolt Mild Steel
Wheel Plastic
Upper Metal Plate Mild Steel
Table 2: Material
C. Designs in Solid Works Software

Fig. 4: REFLECTOR PLATE

Fig. 7: ASSEMBLY OF MODEL

COST ESTIMATION
Sr.No. Material Rate Per Quantity Price
1 Frame 3000 3000
2 Braring 600 1200
3 Shaft 350 350
4 Wheels 100 400
5 Solar Still 3800 3800
6 Sheet Metal 500 500
7 Reflector 800 800
Fig. 5: 3D MODEL OF BEARING 8 Base Plate 600 600

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 Performance Analysis of Solar Based Water Purification System Using Reflector
(IJSRD/Vol. 9/Issue 08/2021/010)

9 Nuts & 100 100

10 Top Cover 1600 1600
11 Fabrication 3500 3500
Total 15850

CONCLUSION
Our project is combination of reflector, solar still, bearing,
shaft and top cover, many more. This mechanism reduce the
human effort to clean the water in large quantity as well as
improve the overall efficiency of the boiling water. By
applying this machine in house, hospital, factory and many
reliable place we can produce more and more clean water by
the using of solar light and without any external forces.
We can conclude that after using this mechanism not
only the overall efficiency but also the quality of purifying
water should improve. And it is convenient to use. Also low
maintenance cost and easy to transfer one place to another
place.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I express my gratitude to my guide MR.KAILAS SAKPAL
for his expert guidance, encouragement and suggestion
throughout the preparation of this work. He has been a pillar
of support and inspired me throughout this study, without him
this would not have been possible. I also express my heartiest
thank to MR. JIGNESH PATEL (H.O.D., Mechanical
Engineering Department.) for helping me throughout this
work. I am grateful to the teaching faculties of Mechanical
Engineering Department for their valuable suggestions and
instruction regarding my work. I have also received
tremendous amount of help from my friend’s insight and
outside the institute.

REFERENCES
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Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering, Kolhapur,
Maharashtra, India1,2,3
[2] Dhanesh D. Patil & Dr. Mangesh R. Phate Student,
Master of Design Engg, Department of Mechanical
Engineering Associate Professor, Department of
Mechanical Engineering Sinhgad Institute of
Technology & Science, Nahre, Pune. 411041
[3] Department of Mechanical Engineering University of
Johannesburg P.O Box APK 524 Johannesburg South
Africa Srishti Jain, Amar Khalore, Shashikant Patil. Self-
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Patil, Mane. Automated Solar Grass Cutter in
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[5] Pankaj kumar singh*, Harischand srivastav*, Abhikekh
kumar bind*,
[6] Chandan kumar*, Mr. Rohit Jain** *Bachelor of
Technology, **Assistant Professor Mechanical
Engineering Department, United College of Engineering
and Management, Allahabad, India

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