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Chemistry

The document discusses different oxides of nitrogen, including their names, formulas, structures, and properties. It describes several key oxides: nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric oxide (NO), dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5). It explains how they are formed, their molecular structures as resonance hybrids, bond lengths and angles, and whether they are acidic or neutral. Common questions about oxides of nitrogen and their effects are also addressed.

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Muhammad umar
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61 views6 pages

Chemistry

The document discusses different oxides of nitrogen, including their names, formulas, structures, and properties. It describes several key oxides: nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric oxide (NO), dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5). It explains how they are formed, their molecular structures as resonance hybrids, bond lengths and angles, and whether they are acidic or neutral. Common questions about oxides of nitrogen and their effects are also addressed.

Uploaded by

Muhammad umar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT # 1 OXIDES OF NITROGEN

OXIDES OF NITROGEN
When we will start to study about oxides of nitrogen then at first, we
will discuss some name of oxides, it’s formulas and structure also.

Table 1: Oxides of Nitrogen Showing Their Names, Formulas, Structures and


description

Table 2: Oxides of Nitrogen Showing Bond Angles and Bond Length

WRITTEN BY: MUHAMMAD UMAR 1 of 6


ASSIGNMENT # 1 OXIDES OF NITROGEN

Nitrous Oxide or Dinitrogen


Oxide(N2O)
Nitrous Oxide is also known as Laughing Gas. It is generally arranged
by warming ammonium nitrate slowly to 240°C. It is a dismal gas that is
genuinely dissolvable in icy water and the minimally dissolvable in boiling
hot water.

Nitrous Oxide is a neutral oxide. Nitrous oxide is a molecule with linear


shape and is a resonance hybrid of two structures.

The bond lengths in the atom are 113 per molecule and 119 per
molecule.

Fig. 3: Resonance forms of Nitrous Oxide

Nitrogen Monoxide or Nitric Oxide


(NO)
Nitrogen Monoxide can be manufactured by the reduction of nitrate
salt with ferrous sulphate.

2NaNO2 + 2FeSO4 + 2H2SO4

Sodium Nitrate Ferrous sulfate Sulphuric Acid

Fe2(SO4)3 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O + 2NO


Ferric sulfate Sodium sulfate Water Nitric Oxide

Nitric Oxide is a colorless gas that achieves blue shading when melted.
It is sparingly solvent in water. It is likewise a neutral oxide. It is a
molecule with linear shape and is a resonance hybrid of the two
structures.

WRITTEN BY: MUHAMMAD UMAR 2 of 6


ASSIGNMENT # 1 OXIDES OF NITROGEN

The bond length is 115 pm which is intermediate between double bond


and triple bond. Also, it is paramagnetic in nature.

Fig.3: Molecular formula, Structural formula and Molecular Model of Niric


Oxide

Dinitrogen Trioxide or
Nitrogen Sesquioxide(N2O3)
It is acquired as a blue fluid when a combination of nitric oxide
andnitrogen dioxide or dinitrogen tetra oxide is cooled to less than
minus 20°C.

Cooling

2NO + N 2O 4 2N2O3

Nitric Oxide Dinitrogen tetroxide Below –20 C Dinitrogen Trioxide

Dinitrogen trioxide is an anhydride of nitrous acid which is acidic in


nature. It has planar shape and is a resonance hybrid of the two forms
as shown below.

WRITTEN BY: MUHAMMAD UMAR 3 of 6


ASSIGNMENT # 1 OXIDES OF NITROGEN

Fig. 5: Resonance forms of Dinitrogen Trioxide

Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)


Nitrogen Dioxide can be prepared by heating lead nitrate at a
temperature of about 673 K.

Heat

2Pb(NO3)2 4NO2 + 2PbO + O2


Lead Nitrate 673K Nitrogen dioxide Lead(II)Oxide Oxygen

Nitrogen Dioxide is a gas that is brown in color is a combined anhydride


of nitrous acid and nitric acid. It is an acidic oxide with angular shape.
The bond angle is 134 degrees and bond length are 120 pm. The atom is
found as a resonance hybrid and is a paramagnetic substance. Because
of the nearness of unpaired electron, it dimerized to a colorless
dinitrogen tetroxide atom that has even number of electrons. At low
temperatures, nitrogen dioxide partners to solid dinitrogen tetroxide.

Fig.6: Bond length and Bond Angle of Nitrogen Dioxide

Fig. 7: Resonance Hybrids of Nitrogen Oxides

WRITTEN BY: MUHAMMAD UMAR 4 of 6


ASSIGNMENT # 1 OXIDES OF NITROGEN

Dinitrogen Pentoxide (N2O5)


Upon dehydration of nitric acid with phosphorous pentoxide, dinitrogen
pentoxide is obtained.

Dehydration

4HNO3 + P4O10 4HPO3 + 2N2O5

Lead nitrate Phosphorous pentoxide Metaphosphoric acid Dinitrogen Pentoxide

It is a colorless crystalline deliquescent solid which readily dissolves to


give nitric acid.

It is an anhydride of nitric acid which is acidic in nature. It has a


planar shape and is a resonance hybrid of two forms as shown on next
page.

Fig. 8: Bond Angles of Dinitrogen Pentoxide

The planar structure can be seen just in its vapor state. It is


ionic in the solid state. The ionic solid is alluded to as
nitrenium nitrate.

WRITTEN BY: MUHAMMAD UMAR 5 of 6


ASSIGNMENT # 1 OXIDES OF NITROGEN

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)


Q1. How are oxides of nitrogen formed?

Sol. In regions of high engine vehicle movement, for example, in vast urban
areas, the measure of nitrogen oxides discharged into the climate as air
contamination can be noteworthy. NOx gases are framed at whatever point
ignition happens within the sight of nitrogen – e.g.: in auto motors; they are
additionally produced by lightning.

Q2. Oxides of nitrogen effects?

Sol. Nitrogen dioxide and nitric oxide together allude as oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
NOx gases react to frame exhaust cloud and acid rain and additionally being
integral to the development of fine particles (PM) and ground level ozone, both of
which are connected with adverse wellbeing impacts.

Q3. What is NOx emission?

Sol. NOx is generic term for the mono-nitrogen oxides NO and NO2 (nitric oxide
or nitrogen dioxide). They are delivered from the reaction among nitrogen, oxygen
and even hydrocarbons (amid burning), particularly at high temperatures. In zones
of high engine vehicle movement, for example, in extensive urban communities,
the measure of nitrogen oxides radiated into the air as air contamination can be
huge. NOx gases are shaped at whatever point burning happens within the sight
of nitrogen – as in an air breathing motor; they additionally are delivered by
lightning.

WRITTEN BY: MUHAMMAD UMAR 6 of 6

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