#1 CEEMEC30 – ENGINEERING

MECHANICS

FLEX Course Material

Identify the principles of
Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

Engineering Mechanics
Enumerate axioms of
Mechanics.
Recite Newton’s Laws of
motion. INTRODUCTION
TO
Convert units
Identify different kinds of
force systems.
ENGINEERING
MECHANICS

Marvin M. Bartido, RCE

2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

 PRE-ASSESSMENT

Pre-assessment No. 1
CONVERSION OF UNITS

Convert the following:

Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

1. 10 m to km
2. 25 inches to feet
3. 50 kg to lb
4. 5’ 7” to cm
5. 60 km/hr to mi/sec
6. 25 𝑚2 to 𝑓𝑡 2
 Table of Contents

Introduction to Engineering Mechanics: Definition of Terms

Engineering
Mechanics
Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

Engineering Mechanics
Branches of Engineering Mechanics
Statics
Dynamics
Rigid Body
Force
Force System
Newton’s Law of Motion
Axioms of Mechanics
Scalar and Vector Quantities
Dimensional Checks
Conversion of Units
Problem Formulation and the Accuracy of Solutions
Introduction to Resultant of Force Systems

3
 I can do all things through Christ who gives me strength.
Philippians 4:13

INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING
MECHANICS – DEFINITION OF TERMS
Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

Engineering is the application of the mathematical and physical sciences

(physics, chemistry, and biology) to the design and manufacture of items that
benefit humanity.
Mechanics is the branch of physics that considers the action of forces on
bodies or fluids that are at rest or in motion.
Engineering Mechanics is the branch of engineering that applies the
principles of mechanics to mechanical design (i.e., any design that must take
into account the effect of forces).

Branches of Engineering Mechanics

1. Statics – we consider the effects and distribution of forces on rigid bodies
which are and remain at rest.
2. Dynamics – we consider the motion of rigid bodies caused by the forces
acting upon them.

Rigid Body – defined as a definite amount of matter the parts of which are
fixed in position relative to each other.

Force – defined as that of which changes, or tends to change the state of

motion of a body. If a force F acts on a particle of mass m, Newton’s second
law states that F = ma where m is mass and a is acceleration (F = mg where g
is acceleration due to gravity equal to 9.81 𝑚Τ𝑠2 for metric system).
Unit of Force
• SI (Metric) System
1.0 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚ൗ 2 = 1.0 N (Newton)
𝑠
• English System
𝑓𝑡
1.0 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 ∙ ൗ 2 = 1.0 lb (Pound)
𝑠

4
 I can do all things through Christ who gives me strength.
Philippians 4:13

INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

Force System – any arrangement where two or more forces act on a body or on a group of related
bodies.

(a) (b) (c)

(d)
Different Kinds of Force Systems
(a) According to plane it lies
Coplanar – force system lie in one plane, otherwise they are Non-coplanar. (Figures a, b and c are
coplanar. Figure d is non-coplanar)

(b) According to line of action

Concurrent Force System – the lines of action of forces pass through a common point. (Figure a is
concurrent)
Parallel Force System – lines of action of forces are parallel. (Figure c is parallel)
Non-concurrent Force System – lines of action of forces are neither parallel nor intersect in a common
point (Figure b is non-concurrent)

5
 I can do all things through Christ who gives me strength.
Philippians 4:13

INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

NEWTON’S LAW OF MOTION

1. Law of Inertia – states that a body at rest will remain at rest unless
acted on by a force.
2. Law of Acceleration – states that a body acted on by a force will
accelerate in the direction of the force.
3. Law of Action and Reaction – states that in every action, there is an
equal and opposite reaction.

AXIOMS OF MECHANICS
1. The parallelogram law: The resultant of two forces is the diagonal of
the parallelogram formed on the vectors of these forces.
2. Two forces are in equilibrium only when equal in magnitude, opposite
in direction, and collinear in action.
3. A set of forces in equilibrium may be added to any system of forces
without changing the effect of the original system.
4. Action and reaction forces are equal but oppositely directed.

SCALAR AND VECTOR QUANTITIES

Scalars – quantities which possess magnitude only and can be added
arithmetically. They are real numbers that can be positive, negative, or zero.

Vectors – quantities which possess both magnitude and direction and can be
combined geometrically. Force is an example of physical quantity that is a
vector.

30N + 100N = 70N

6
 I can do all things through Christ who gives me strength.
Philippians 4:13

INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

DIMENSIONAL CHECKS
𝑣 2 = 𝑣0 2 + 2𝑎𝑠
𝑚Τ 2 = 𝑚Τ 2 + 2(𝑚
𝑠 𝑠 Τ𝑠2)(𝑚)
𝑚Τ 2 = 𝑚Τ 2
𝑠 𝑠

CONVERSION OF UNITS

7
 I can do all things through Christ who gives me strength.
Philippians 4:13

INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

Examples:
Convert the following:
1. 450km to cm
2. 5 meters to inches
3. 400.35 hectogram to slug
4. 60 miles per hour to meter per second
5. 1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 ∙ 𝑓𝑡ൗ𝑠2 to 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚Τ𝑠2

Solutions:
1. 450km to cm
100000 𝑐𝑚
450 𝑘𝑚 𝑥 = 45000000 𝑐𝑚
1 𝑘𝑚
2. 5 meters to inches
100 𝑐𝑚 1 𝑖𝑛
5𝑚𝑥 𝑥 = 196.85 𝑖𝑛
1𝑚 2.54 𝑐𝑚
3. 400.35 hectogram to slug
1 𝑘𝑔 1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔
400.35 ℎ𝑔 𝑥 𝑥 = 2.74 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔
10 ℎ𝑔 14.59 𝑘𝑔
4. 60 miles per hour to meter per second
𝑚𝑖 1.61 𝑘𝑚 1000 𝑚 1 ℎ𝑟 1 𝑚𝑖𝑛
60 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 = 26.83 𝑚Τ𝑠
ℎ𝑟 1 𝑚𝑖 1 𝑘𝑚 60 𝑚𝑖𝑛 60 𝑠𝑒𝑐
5. 1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 ∙ 𝑓𝑡ൗ𝑠2 to 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚Τ𝑠2
𝑓𝑡 14.59 𝑘𝑔 1𝑚
1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 ∙ 2 𝑥 𝑥 = 4.448 𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝑚ൗ 2
𝑠 1 𝑠𝑙𝑢𝑔 3.28 𝑓𝑡 𝑠

8
 I can do all things through Christ who gives me strength.
Philippians 4:13

INTRODUCTION TO ENGINEERING
MECHANICS
Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

PROBLEM FORMULATION AND THE ACCURACY OF SOLUTIONS

To help you develop an “engineering approach” to problem analysis,
you will find it instructive to divide your solution for each homework
problem into the following parts:
1. GIVEN: After carefully reading the problem statement, list all the
data provided. If a figure is required, sketch it neatly and
approximately to scale.
2. FIND: State precisely the information that is to be determined.
3. SOLUTION: Solve the problem, showing all the steps that you used
in the analysis. Work neatly so that your work can be easily
followed by others.
4. VALIDATE: Many times, an invalid solution can be uncovered by
simply asking yourself, “Does the answer make sense?”

9
 I can do all things through Christ who gives me strength.
Philippians 4:13

INTRODUCTION TO RESULTANT OF FORCE

SYSTEMS
Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

Resultant – a single force or vector that is the equivalent of a set of

forces or vectors.

30N + 100N = 70N (Resultant)

These force systems can be represented by its resultant (red

arrows).

10
 ASSESSMENT TASK

CM Assessment Task No. 1

Write the problem. Show your complete solution and box your final
answer.

I. Convert the following:

Engr. Marvin Bartido 2ND TERM AY 2022-2023

1. 0.5 m to cm
2. 5 meters to miles
3. 400.35 hectogram to pound
4. 60 miles per day to cm per second
5. 400 N to lb
6. 100 𝑁Τ𝑚 to 𝑙𝑏ൗ𝑓𝑡
𝑁
7. If 𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑃𝑎 𝑖𝑠 and kips is kilopounds , convert 2 MPa to
𝑚2
𝑘𝑖𝑝𝑠
ൗ𝑓𝑡 2 .
8. 173 cm to __’ __” (__ft __in)
9. If your mass is 80 kg because you ate so much during lockdown,
what is your weight in Newton?
10. 9.81 𝑚Τ𝑠2 to 𝑓𝑡ൗ𝑠2

II. Draw 2 examples each of different kinds of force system according

to line of action (i.e. concurrent, parallel and non-concurrent force
system).

11