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1.24 Course Highlights - Heat Exchanger Control

The document discusses different methods of controlling heat transfer equipment such as heat exchangers and air coolers in process and instrumentation diagrams. It describes direct control and bypass control systems for heat exchangers, including the placement of temperature and flow sensors. Rules for control loop configurations are provided along with options for controlling fan capacity in air coolers.

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dadiz
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198 views29 pages

1.24 Course Highlights - Heat Exchanger Control

The document discusses different methods of controlling heat transfer equipment such as heat exchangers and air coolers in process and instrumentation diagrams. It describes direct control and bypass control systems for heat exchangers, including the placement of temperature and flow sensors. Rules for control loop configurations are provided along with options for controlling fan capacity in air coolers.

Uploaded by

dadiz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

HEAT TRANSFER EQUIPMENT CONTROL


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Heat Exchangers Fired Heaters


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

What would be
the location of
the control
TT
valve ?

Heat Exchangers

Target stream
Non target stream
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

1 DIRECT CONTROL

2 BYPASS CONTROL

Heat Exchangers
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

HEAT TRANSFER EQUIPMENT CONTROL :


DIRECT CONTROL SYSTEM
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

TT TC

Hot target stream


Cold non target stream

HX CONTROL IN P&IDs : DIRECT CONTROL


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

RULES FOR HX CONTROL LOOPS :


TT TC

Temperature sensor on the target outlet stream

Control valve on the non-target outlet stream


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Flow rate + Temperature


change

How is the
temperature
changing ?
TT TC

Utility HX

Hot target stream Process HX


Cold non target stream

HX CONTROL IN P&IDs : DIRECT CONTROL


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

HEAT TRANSFER EQUIPMENT CONTROL :


BYPASS CONTROL SYSTEM
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Bypass line

TT TC

Bypass line
Hot target stream
Cold non target stream

HX CONTROL IN P&IDs : BYPASS CONTROL


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Bypass line
OPTION #2

TT TC

Bypass line
Hot target stream
Cold non target stream

HX CONTROL IN P&IDs : BYPASS CONTROL


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Bypass line
OPTION #3

TT TC

Bypass line
Hot target stream
Cold non target stream

Not available
in large sizes

HX CONTROL IN P&IDs : BYPASS CONTROL


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Bypass line
OPTION #4

TT TC

PDC

Hot target stream


Cold non target stream

HX CONTROL IN P&IDs : BYPASS CONTROL


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

AIR COOLER CONTROL


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

1 HEAT EXCHANGER CONTROL

2 FAN CAPACITY CONTROL

A temperature signal from the outlet


stream controls the fan capacity

Air cooler
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

1 HEAT EXCHANGER CONTROL

2 FAN CAPACITY CONTROL

Suction throttling

Changing the rotation speed

Changing the blade pitch

Air cooler
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Loovers

TC

HOT FEED TT

COLD FEED

Air cooler

AIR COOLER CONTROL IN P&IDs


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Loovers

Exhaust air TC

HOT FEED TT

COLD FEED

Ambient air M
Ambient air
Air cooler

AIR COOLER CONTROL IN P&IDs


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Loovers

TC

HOT FEED TT

COLD FEED

Air cooler

AIR COOLER CONTROL IN P&IDs


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Loovers

TC

HOT FEED TT

COLD FEED

Air cooler

AIR COOLER CONTROL IN P&IDs


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Loovers

TC

HOT FEED TT

COLD FEED

Air cooler

AIR COOLER CONTROL IN P&IDs


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

Loovers
SPLIT 3 ranges
TC

HOT FEED TT

COLD FEED

M SC
Air cooler

AIR COOLER CONTROL IN P&IDs


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

HEAT EXCHANGER FOR HEAT RECOVERY


ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

HEATER

Is the Temp. FEED


of the cold
stream left
uncontrolled ?

REACTOR
PRODUCTS
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

HEAT TRANSFER EQUIPMENT CONTROL :


BACK PRESSURE CONTROL
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

HEAT TRANSFER RATE

FLOW RATES

Heat Exchangers
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

TT TC

Heat Exchangers
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

High velocity of flow


in the tubes

Poor heat transfer


VERY HIGH
PRESSURE
FEED

Pressure control
Atmospheric tank
ADVANCED PROCESS CONTROL IN P&IDs

VERY HIGH
PRESSURE
FEED

Atmospheric tank

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