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Concrete and Rainforcement

The document discusses the properties and types of concrete and reinforcement (steel) used in reinforced concrete. It describes that concrete provides compressive strength while steel provides tensile strength. Reinforced concrete (RCC) is stronger and more resistant to damage than plain concrete due to the steel reinforcement mesh embedded within. The document then lists various properties of RCC including strength, flexibility, shrinkage, creep, and durability. It also discusses different grades of concrete based on their compressive strengths and mix ratios. Finally, it covers the properties and types of steel reinforcement used, including mild steel, high yield strength deformed bars, TMT steel bars, and corrosion resistant steel bars.

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Raj Hans Kumar
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90 views6 pages

Concrete and Rainforcement

The document discusses the properties and types of concrete and reinforcement (steel) used in reinforced concrete. It describes that concrete provides compressive strength while steel provides tensile strength. Reinforced concrete (RCC) is stronger and more resistant to damage than plain concrete due to the steel reinforcement mesh embedded within. The document then lists various properties of RCC including strength, flexibility, shrinkage, creep, and durability. It also discusses different grades of concrete based on their compressive strengths and mix ratios. Finally, it covers the properties and types of steel reinforcement used, including mild steel, high yield strength deformed bars, TMT steel bars, and corrosion resistant steel bars.

Uploaded by

Raj Hans Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONCRETE AND RAINFORCEMENT

(STEEL)

PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE
CONCRETE DEFINITION:
Concrete is made of cement and water, which hold together hard, chemically inert particles.

RCC DEFINITION:
RCC is a construction material made up of small pieces
of concrete, usually less than 6 inches square, embedded
in a steel rebar mesh. The mesh acts as a reinforcing
agent, which makes the concrete stronger and more
resistant to damage.

PROPERTIES OF RCC.

• It should provide complete insulation against sound and


heat.

• Ensure durability to the structure

• The structure built with R.C.C should be able to support any load.

• It should prevent corrosion by providing proper cover to the reinforcement.

• It should develop hair cracks within the permissible limit.

• When it's fresh, a good R.C.C can be molded to the desired shape and size.

• It should provide adequate control over the cross-sectional requirements.

STRENGTH:
RCC has high compressive strengths due to dense aggregate structure and low water-to-
cementitious materials ratio.
FLEXURAL STRENGTH:
RCC flexural strength is directly related to density and compressive strength.

TENSILE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE:


RCC can yield flexural strengths in the range of 500-1,000 psi, related to density and
compressive strength.

SHRINKAGE:
Concrete shrinkage is influenced by the amount of water present and the cement content.

CREEP OF CONCRETE:
Creep of concrete is proportional to the stress in the concrete, as long as it does not exceed one-
third of its compressive strength.

THERMAL EXPANSION:
Type of Aggregate Coefficient of Thermal
.Expansion for Concrete/"C

Quartzite 1.2 to 1.3 x 10-5

Sandstone 0.9 to 1.2 x 10-5

Granite 0.7 to 0.95 x 10-5

Basalt 0.8 to 0.95 x 10-5

Limestone 0.6 to,.o.9 x 10-5

Cement coefficient of thermal expansion depends on cement, aggregate, cement content,


humidity, and size of section.
WORKABILITY OF CONCRETE:

DURABILITY OF CONCRETE:
Durable concrete should be used to maintain its integrity and protect embedded metal from
corrosion during service. Materials and mix proportions should be appropriate to maintain
integrity and protect metal from corrosion.

Grades of Concrete
Grades of Concrete
(Clause 6.1.9.2.2.15.1.1 and 36.1)
Group Concrete Grade Mix Ratio Compressive Strength

Normal Grade of Concrete M10 1:3:6 10 MPa


M15 1:2:4 15 MPa
M20 1 : 1.5 : 3 20 MPa

Standard Grade of Concrete M25 1:1:2 25 MPa


M30 Design Mix 30 MPa
M35 Design Mix 35 MPa
M40 Design Mix 40 MPa
M45 Design Mix 45 MPa
M50 Design Mix 50 MPa
M55 Design Mix 55 MPa

High Strength M60 Design Mix 60 MPa


M65 Design Mix 65 MPa
M70 Design Mix 70 MPa
M75 Design Mix 75 MPa
M80 Design Mix 80 MPa

PROPERTIES OF REINFORCEMENT (STEEL)


Steel as Reinforcing Material has high tensile strength and elasticity. Deformed Bars and
Twisted Bars

The characteristics of an ideal reinforcing material are:


It possesses high tensile strength and elasticity.
Its thermal coefficient is nearly equal to that of concrete i.e. and respectively.
It develops good bond with concrete.
It is cheaply and easily available in bulk.
It is economical comparing all the aspects.

TYPES OF STEEL REINFORCEMENT


MILD STEEL REINFORCEMENT
Mild steel bars are not preferred over high yield strength deformed bars due to their less strength
and weak bond, but are used as lateral ties in columns and at places where nominal
reinforcement is required.
HIGH YIELD STRENGTH DEFORMED BARS (HYSD)
These are also known as HYSD bars. They have higher percentage of carbon as compared to
mild steel their strength is higher than of mild steel, but the yield point is not clearly defined.
These bars are available as two types:
(I) hot rolled high yield strength bars.

(ii) Cold worked high yield strength bars.

HYSD BARS ARE PREFERRED AS REINFORCEMENT IN R.C.C. OVER


PLAIN MILD STEEL BARS, DUE TO FOLLOWING REASONS:

 Higher Strength: HYSD bars have yield strength, higher than that of plain mild steel
bars.
 Better Bond: The HYSD bars have better bond with concrete due to corrugations or
ribs on the surface of the bars. As per IS 456:2000, the bond strength of HYSD bars is 60
percent greater than the plain mild steel bars.
 Economy: HYSD bars have been replaced by Tor steel since 1967, saving 40 million
tons of steel in India, amounting to Rs. 50,000 crore. The cost of HYSD bars is the same
as mild steel, but the amount of steel required is less due to its higher strength.
TMT (THERMOMECHANICALLY TREATED) STEEL BARS
Among the constituents of R.C.C., steel is the costliest, so focus has been more on steel to make
it better and better. TMT steel is new generation, high strength steel having superior properties as
compared to common HYSD bars.

 High yield strength


 Better weld ability
 Excellent ductility
 Superior corrosion resistance.

CRS (CORROSION RESISTANT STEEL) BARS

The production of CRS or corrosion resistant steel bars is making steel bars more corrosion
resistant, with a carbon content of 0.18% and a percentage of chromium of 1.5%. In India, SAIL
and TISCO are producing CRS bars.

STEEL WIRE FABRIC


Wire fabric is a fabric made by welding or weaving steel wire in the form of a mesh which is
also called as steel wire mesh. This mesh is used as reinforcement in slabs, shells, pavements and
roads etc.

STRUCTURAL STEEL
Sometimes for very heavily loaded elements such as foundations and columns rolled sections
like rolled steel joists, channels or angles are embedded in concrete and used as reinforcement

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