Example 6.3 : Continuous beam
Design of beams
page 1/11
Ref.
Output
‘ 44
t t
[poses
Dimension:
Span, L = 800m
with, B = 300m
Slab thickness 110 mm
Beam size = 225x500 mm
Characteristic loads:
Finishes ete. = LS kN
Variable, 74 . 3.0 kNAn
Materials :
Unit weight of concrete = 25 kNim!
Characteristic strength of eoncrete,fa ~ 25 Nimm
Characteristic strength of steel fx 500 Nien’
Characteristic strength of fink Jy. 500 Némm?
Nominal concrete cover = 30mm
Assumed: Get = 20 mm
fuer 16 mm
Pum = 6mm
Design beam 1W/A-D
say 9
103 104 | Design of beams
Example 6.3 : Continuous beam page 211
Ret. Calculations Output
Beam 1a/A-D
w kNim w kNim
a 80m B 80m c 80m D
S321
225 mm
110 mm,
500 mm,
by = 1400 mm
by = 1400 mm
Actual flange width,
b
2.0, one-way slab
Shear coefficient ,, = 0.50
Panel la-2/A_D:
Lyllx= 800) 3.00= 2.7 > 2.0, one-way slab
Shear coefficient , 05,
Characteristic permanent action :
Wo= 0225 (050-O.11)x 25 = 219 KN/m
w= Bynly = 050x425 3°00 638 kNim
we = Bynly = 050x425 x3.00 6.38 kN/m
Gi = 149 NI
Characteristic variable action
w1 = Bonly = 050 x 3.00 x3.00 4.50 kN/m
w2 © Bynb, = 0.50 x3.00 3.00 4.50 kNim
on 9.00 kN/m
Design bad,
we = 135G, + 150%
(1.35 x 14.94) + (1.50 x9.00) = 33.67 KN/m
Output
‘ANALYSIS;
Continuous beam with equal spans, uniform action and.
4 Use moment and shear coefficient
from Table 3.14 BS8I10:Part 1
wkNim seu uh
Lm Lm Lm
A 8 ¢ °
oa our
O.09FL car 0.09FL
ose ossr OgF
ae ossr ose]
Fs wabkN = 3367x80 = 269 KN
|shear Force
[Bending moment
yy 09 106 | Design of beams
Example 6.3 : Continuous beam page 4/11
Ref, Calculations Output
MAIN REINFORCEMENT.
Span A-B & C-D
Effective depth, d =f ~ Coon ~ #tink-O.5# tw 454.0 mm
Bending moment,
Mo= 0.09 FL
= 009 «269 x80 = 194 KNm
Me 0.567 fabhi(d- 0.5h)
= 0567 x25x 2145x 110( 4540 - 55)
= 1334 kNm
M =< My => Neutral axis within the flange
Ko = Mifabd :
194 x 10° (25 x 2145 x 4540+)
= 001s
z 4 [05 +f025 > KILI) ] 0.984
Area of tension reinforcement
As = MIO8TS xz Ps
= 194.0.x 10°/ (0.87 x 500 x 0.95 x 454.0)
= 1034 mm* Bes
Use: SH 20
9211 Minimum and maximum reinforcement area, (1571 mm’)
Asan = 0.26fanifix) bd
0.26 (2.56 1500) bd
= 0.0013 bd Use = 0.0013 ba
= 00013 x225 34540 = 136mm
Asam = O04Ac = 0.04 bh
= 008 x25 x500 = 4500.mm"
Support B & C
Effective depth, d =H - Cuan @tisk~ @tw = 444.0 mm
Bending moment,
Mo= OllFL
= 01 e269 x80 = 237 kNm
K = Mibd*f
= B71 x10°/ (225% 444 x 25)
0214
Redistribution 0% Redistribution ratio, 6 = 1.0 Using: EC2
Ki = 04545 ~ Vea ~ O.182{(5 ~ kVka}® kya 044
= 0.363 (5- ky)- 0.116 (6 = kay ka= 1.25
= | 0.167
sy 09 Design of beams | 107
Example 6.3 : Continuous beam page 5/1
Ret, Calculations Output
Ko> Kes
Compression reinforcement is required
© + Hin + O0.5P me = 44 mmm
z 4 [0.5 +025 - Kui/l-134) |
082d = 0.82444 = 3644 mm
x= @=2)/04 = 199.0mm
die 44/1990 = 022 038
‘The compression steel will have yielded
Ie 08a
‘Area of compression steel
Ae = (K = Rea) faba? /O8T ald = d')
(0.214 -0.17) x 25x 225 x 444°)
0.87 x 500 x (44-4)
= 299 mm"
‘Area of tension steel Use: SH 20
As = Kua faba?) O82 + Ae (1571 mm")
= 0167 x 25x 225% 444") .
087 x 500 x 368 | ee
= 1466 mm?
Anwin = 0.0013 6d = = 136mm" 2H 16
Aca = 0.04 bh = 4500 mm" (402 mm’)
‘Span B-C
Effective depth.d =f - Cron = $ uk Powe = 444.0 mm
Bending momen
M = 007 FL
= 007 x269 x80 = 151 kNm
Ms 0.567 fasbh(d- 0.54.)
0.567 x25x 1345x 110( 4540-55)
= 837kNm
M =< Mp =>Neutral axis within the Nange
K ML fab?
- 151 x 10°/ (25 x 1345 x 454.0)
= 002
2 d (05 + /025 - KIV134)] =0.984
snsy 09 108 | Design of beam
Example 6.3 : Continuous beam page 6/11
Ret Calculations Output
Area of tension reinforcement J
As M1087 fz
= 150.9.x 10°/ (0.87 x 500 x 0.95 x 454.0)
= 808 mm? :
Use: 3H 20
Agwin = 0003 bd = (943 mm’)
Ave = 008 6A =
SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
623 | Concrete strut capacity
Vaasa = 0.36budfa( -fa/250)/ (cot + tan 0)
= (O36x 25x 454x _25(1- 25250)
(cot + an 8)
= 2B7KN =D = 2deg coro = 25)
= AEN SDF = AS deg cd = 10)
Support A & D
Vay 045F = 045x269 9 = I21KN.
< Vad cot 0 =2.5
< Vea mm cot 0 =1.0
=D Therefore angle @ < 2
Shear inks
Am/8 = Veal 08fpdeor 0
= 22x10" /(0.78x S00x 454% 2.48)
= oan
Tryfink: HE yy = ST mm
Spacing, s = 57/0277
9226) = 204mm << 0.75) = 341mm Use: 6-200
62.3(7) | Additonal lngitutinal reinforcement
‘Additional tensile force,
Fy = 0.5V¢4 cot 0
= 05 x 121x248
150 kN
Muenml2 = 1940x10/ 431.3
= 4S0KN > AF
Acme = Mfg 108% a
= 180 x 10°/ (087x 500) use: 2H 16
= 345 mmt (402 mm’)
my Example 6.3 :
Continuous beam
Design of beams | 109
page 7/11
Ref,
Calculations
Output
92.2(6)
623)
9226)
6.2.3(7)
Support B & C
Vu = 0.60 F = 0.60 x 269 162. kN
< Vaux cot @
<_— Fit.mm cot 8 = 1
=> Therefore angle 0 < 2
Shear links
Ase! Ves 1 0.78 ydoot 8
= 161.6.x 10° / (0.78 x S00x 454x 2.48)
= 0369
Try link H6 Aye = ST mm
Spacing, s = 57/0369
153mm <= 075d = 341 mm
‘Additional longitudinal reinforcement
Additional tensile force,
AFu = 0SVea cot @
05 x162 x248 = — 200kN
AF w / 087)
200 x 10°/ (0.87x 500)= 460 ma”
Aa et
Support B& C
Vea = 035 F = 055x269 148 kN
Therefore angle 6 < 2
‘Shear links
Am!s
Veal 0.P/ystoot 8
148.2 x 10° / (0.78 x 500x454 x 2.48)
= 0338
Trylink: = HE Aug = ST mm
Spacing, s = 57/0338
= 67mm << 075d = 341 mm
‘Additional longitudinal reinforcement
Additional tensile force,
Fu 0.5Vegcot 8
= 05 x48 x248 = 183 KN
Asm = AF / O87
183 x 10°/ (087 x 500)= 422 mnt
fuse
luse
luse
lUse :
H6- 150
3H 16
(603
H6- 150
3H 16
(603 mm’)
sy 09 110 | Design of beams
Example 6.3 : Continuous beam page 8/11
Ref Cateulations Output
92.265) | Minimum tinks
Amt $ 0.08/e'"b al fox
= 0.08 x (25)"" x 225. / 500
= 0.180
Try link : H6 Ags = ST mm
Spacing s~ 57/018
= 314mm Use
9.2.2(6) < 075d = 0.75 x454 = 341 mm H6- 300
Shear resistance of minimum links
= Avuls XO.784f c0t 8)
(57/300)x (0.78 x454 x 500 x25)
= BRN
Link arrangement
xy = (21 83)/ 3367 Ldn
xr = (I62- 83)/ 33.67 2.341
x = (148- 83)/ 33.67 1.94
62.4 | Transverse steet in the flange
“The longitudinal shear stresses are the greatest over a distance
‘Ax measured from the point of zero moment.
dr = 0.5( 0.3L) = 0.15( 8000) = 1200 mm _—_|* Estimate
“The change in moment over distance Ax from zer0 moment,
AM= 070 Mmac= 0.70% 194 + Estimate
= 136kNm
“The change in longitudinal foree,
Fe = [AM I(d -OShA}x{(b ~ 6x26]
= 136x110" (2145-225)
(454-55) * (2 2145)
= 1s2kN
sy 09 Design of beams | 111
Example 6.3 : Continuous beam page 9/11
Ret, Calculations utp
Longitudinal shear stress
ve AF o/ else)
- 152 x10°/ (110 x 1200)
= 1.15 Nim’ if
6.2.4(6) ver > O2fay = 027 x1.80 = 0.48 Nina
~ Transverse shear reinforcement is required
Concrete strut capacity inthe fange
Vanes O.Afad | - fa/250)/ (cot O + tan A)
(0.40% 25(1- 257950)
{eor 9 + wnd)
a 0 = rsteg ed ~ 20)
0 = 45deg cx = 10)
va < vet mn cot 0=2.0
Vee < Vn mm Cot @= 1.0
=> Thereforeane@ <6.
@ = 0.5sin™ [vey / 0.2Fe( I~ fey!250)]
= O5sin is}
20x 251 - 25250
= 0.5sin" (0.26) 743°
Use: @ = 265° tan 8 = 0.50 cor = 2.0
“Transverse shear reinforcement
Aalst = vealrf OR ucot @
15x. 1107 (0.87 x $00x 12.0)
os
Ty: HIO 4q = 79 mm
Spacing,s; = 79 (0.15 = $40 mm
9.2.1.1 | Minimum transverse steel area,
Asin
= 0.2 famifss) bh
= 026 236/500) bir
0.0013 bh; Use 0.0013 Bry
0.0013 x 1000 x110.0
147 mm'/m
Use
H10 - 500
(197 mm /m) 112 | Design of beams
Example 6.3
Continuous beam
page 10/11
Ret
Calculations
Output
74
|Table 7.4N
73
Table 7.1N
Table 7.3N
Check at span A-B.
Percentage of required tension reinforcement,
P= Asng/bd= 34 1225x454 0.010
Reference reinforcement ratio,
Po = fa)'?x 10" = (25) 7x10" 0.005
Percentage of required compression reinforcement,
P'=Ayimglbd= 0 (25x 454 0.000
Factor for structural system, K = 13
P > Po Use equation (2)
1 ;
gokfnee eo NEE] @
P °
131+ 371+ 000) = 191
Modification factor for lange width, b/by > 03
= 080
Modification factor for span greater than 7 m
= 10 =7/8 0.88
Modification factor for steel area provided,
=AspoAney = ISTI/ 1034 = 1.52 > 15
‘Therefore allowable span-effective depth ratio,
(lld)utovise = 19.1 0.80 x O.88x 1.50= 20.1
‘Actual span-effective depth
(Ud) = 8000/454.0 = 17.6 < (Id )utovise
CRACKING
Limiting crack width, wag = 0.3 nm
Steetstress,
f= fey Git030,
* LAS (1.35G, + 1.50) 5
= (800/ 1.15)x_ [(14.9 +(0.3x 9.0) /33.7] x 1.0
= 262 N/mm?
Max. alowabl tar spacing = 150.mmm
Ber spacing
5s = [ 225-2130) -2(6) = (20) 1/2
= 665mm < | 150mm
ok!
ok!
sy 09 Example 6.3 : Continuous beam
Design of beams | 113
page 11/11
Ret.
Calculations
Output
DETAILING
uc
4
:
BEAM 10/A-D
nsy09 114 | Design of beams
Example 6.4 : Continuous beam : Elastic Analysis
page V5
Ref
Caleulations
Output
‘ATION
Beam la/A-D in Example 6.3 willbe analyse using moment
distribution method and considering Load Set 1 arrangement.
Three load cases will be considered.
1. Allspan loaded with maximum load (1.35G.. + 1.50%)
2. Span I and 3 loaded with maximum bad (1.35Gx + 1.501),
and span 2 loaded with minimum load (1.38G.)
3. Span 1 and 3 loaded with minimum load (1.35G.), and
span 2 loaded with maximum load (1.35G + 1.501)
Beam La/A-D
ws kN we kNim ws kim
A som 8 80m c 80m
Loading :
wit Gy= 14.94 KN/m — Qy= 9.00 KN/m.
1.356, + 1.50. 33.67 N/m 1356,
we Gy= 14.94 KN/m y= 9.00 KN/m
1.35G.+ 1.5, = 33.67 Nim 1.35G4=
ws: Ge 4.94 KNim Qa 9.00 KN/m
135G4+ 150. = 33.67 Nim 135G,=
Moment of Inertia :
1 = bh'N2 = 225 x S00°/12= 234% 10” mm
Stites +
AB: kya = 0.751/L = 0.751 / 8000= 2.20 x 10° mi
BC : ke = UL= 1/ 8000= 2,93 x 10° mm
CD : kep = 0.75 IIL 0.75 £/ 8000 = 2.20 x 10" mm
Distribution factor:
Joint B: Fea = kexeent kec)
= 2.20/(2.20+ 293) = 043
Fac ~ keci(k ant kee)
= 2.93/(2.20+ 2.93) = 057
Joint C: Fee = keci(kact co)
=| 2.93/(2.93+ 220) = 037
Feo = keol(kact ko)
=| 220/293+ 2,20 = 0.43
Beam size +
b= 25mm
= 500mm
20.17 kNim
20.17 kNim
20.17 kNim
