CE205IU: FLUID MECHANICS

Dr. Pham Ngoc

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About lecturer
❖ Name: Phạm Ngọc, age???
❖ Place of Birth: Nam Dinh
❖ Family status: Married: 1W,
1S+1D
❖ Characteristic: honest, funny
but serous in working, helpful for
students
❖ Hobbies: tourist (>10
countries), communication (with
beer), table tennis…
❖ Education: BE, Hanoi WRU;
MsE, AIT (Thailand); PhD, Tohoku
Univ (Japan); PD, (NUS-Deft TU)

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 My rules in class :
1. No disturbance, make-noise during
lecturing.
2. No eating in the class.
3. Do not use Iphones, or Ipads, or Latops
4. Should not wear “hot” and impolite clothes
(eg., too short skirt, sporty shorts…)
5. For couple: do not perform your caress
during class
6. IU regulations

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 What is the class – environment?
IU-Evaluating IU-Evaluating
system system
• Interactive
• Application-
oriented
Lecturer •Visualization
students A/10

• Active, creative
• E-learning Lecturer
Evaluating
criteria
• Lecture notes • Progress: answer,
• Assignments attendance, reports (30%)
• Materials • Mid-term exam (30%)
• Lab (CE206IU) • Final exam: (40%)
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 What is the course concept?
Understand fundamentally
behavior/ mechanism of fluid,
moving or at rest
Physic Laws
Be capable to compute, analyze
Mathematic physical parameters of fluid in some
techniques basic problems
Fluid
Physical-chemical mechanics
characters of fluid Work in a team and learn successful
group interaction for a project
programming
Deliver an oral presentation for the
project.
Other soft skills

2/2/2021 Input Output 5

Text books:
1. Fundamentals of Fluid
Mechanics; Bruce R.
Munson , Alric P.
Rothmayer , Theodore H. Okiishi ;
2012
2. Basics of Fluid Mechanics,
Genick Bar–Meir, Ph. D., 2013
3. Engineering Fluid Mechanics,
(10th Edition); Donald F.
Elger, Barbara C. Williams, Clayton
T. Crowe, John A. Roberson , 2013
……

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 Important of FM for Civil engineers
Fluid mechanics is involved in nearly all areas of Civil Engineering either
directly or indirectly. Examples of direct involvement are:
- Sea and river (flood) defences;
- Water distribution / sewerage (sanitation) networks;
- Hydraulic design of water/sewage treatment works;
- Dams; Irrigation; Pumps and Turbines; Water retaining structures;
Bridge piers in rivers;
- Ground-water flow – much larger scale in time and space.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DRKvkugdaa4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Who8EpbvCY
Examples where the primary object is construction - yet analysis of the
fluid mechanics is essential:
- Flow of air in buildings;
- Flow of air around buildings;
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EK_0PUYtfTE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HHX3yGsK6Po
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KMsc48e41AQ
The course will demonstrate many of these principles through examples
where
2/2/2021the fluid is water. 7
Chapter 1: Fundamentals
What is a fluid ?
-Three state of matter: solids, liquids, and gases;
- Fluids: liquids and gases
➢ Fluid do not resist a change in shape, therefore they assume
the shape of container they occupy

➢ Liquids: considered as fixed volume-----→free surface; almost

incompressible
➢ Conversely, gases: easily compressed and will expand to fill a
container they occupy
Civil engineers’
interest

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 Pascal Law
https://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=tAyFKf7zxF
g&index=4&list=PL_D1
rGgPr31OplceeLTe2rd
GfwjESE9_y

CE205IU course:
- All of these branches
but simplified, more
practical

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 System of units

- British system of unit: do not use in VietNam

- The SI system of units: used in VietNam

Six Primary units of SI system

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 Derived units, obtained from Primary units

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 Physical properties of fluids
(1) Density: three way
What about water?

What about water?

g = 9.81 m/s2

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 Physical properties of fluids (cont’)

What about unit?

What is SMD of water?

For solids and liquids this standard mass density is the maximum mass
density of the maximum mass density for water (which occurs at 40C) at
atmospheric pressure

(2) Pressure
-Pascal, Pa, 1Pa = 1N/m2
- Bar: (SI), 1 bar 105 N/m2 What is Uniform pressure?
- Standard atmosphere =
101.325 kPa;
- 1bar = 100 kPa
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 Physical properties of fluids (cont’)

What about unit?

What is SMD of water?

For solids and liquids this standard mass density is the maximum mass
density of the maximum mass density for water (which occurs at 40C) at
atmospheric pressure

(2) Pressure
-Pascal, Pa, 1Pa = 1N/m2
- Bar: (SI), 1 bar 105 N/m2 What is Uniform pressure?
- Standard atmosphere =
101.325 kPa;
- 1bar = 100 kPa
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 Physical properties of fluids (cont’)

Ideal or Perfect Gas Law, “equation of state”

p = ᵨRT
Where,
p : is absolute pressure;
standard sea-level
atmospheric pressure
(by international
agreement ) as 14.696
psi (abs) or 101.33 kPa
(abs)
T: absolute temperature;
R : gas constant,
depended on particular
gas, an related to the
molecular weight of gas
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 Physical properties of fluids (cont’)
(3) Viscosity
Fluid motion can cause shearing stresses

a) Deformation of material placed

between two parallel plates
b) Forces acting on upper plate

U = f( A, P, b), F/A: shearing stress

Absolute viscosity, dynamic viscosity,

or simply the viscosity
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 Common or Newtonian fluids Non - Newtonian fluids

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 Problem 1:

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(4) Compressibility

a) Bulk Modulus

- Ev: bulk modulus , or bulk modulus of

elasticity, FL-2
- dp: differential change in pressure
- dV: differential change in volume
- - V: volume of fluid

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 b) Compression and Expansion of gases

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 c) Speed of sound
Velocity at which these small disturbances propagate is called
the acoustic velocity or speed of sound, c

or

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(5) Vapor pressure

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(6) Surface tension

or

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 Problem 2:

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Assignment 1: Check in blackboard
by tomorrow
Deadline of submission: One week
after today
Copy is prohibited

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 Thank you for your listening!

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 Solution:

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 READ MORE IN TEXT BOOK
(Fundamentals of fluid mechanics) :
Chapter 1,
EXAMBLES AND SOLUTIONS
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