UACE MATHEMATICS PAPER 1 2017 guide

SECTION A (40 marks)

Answer all questions in this section

𝑥 𝑛
1. The coefficient of the first three terms of the expansion of (1 + ) are in arithmetic
2
Progression (AP). Find the value of n. (05marks)
2. Solve the equation 3tan2θ + 2sec2 θ = 2(5 – 3tanθ) for 00 < θ <1800 (05marks)
1+2𝑥 2
3. Differentiate ( ) with respect to x. (05marks)
1+𝑥
4. Solve for x in the 4 – 4x + 1 + 4 = 0
2x

5. The vertices of a triangle are P(4, 3), Q(6, 4) and R(5, 8). Find angle RPQ using vectors.
(05marks)
4
6. Show that ∫2 𝑥𝐼𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 14𝐼𝑛2 − 3 (05matks)
7. The equation of the curve is given by y2 – 6y + 20x + 49 = 0
(a) Show that the curve is a parabola. (03marks)
(b) Find the coordinates of the vertex. (02marks)
8. A container is in form of an inverted right angled circular cone. Its height is 100cm and
base radius is 40cm. the container is full of water and has a small hole at its vertex.
Water is flowing through the hole at a rate of 10cm3s-1. Find the rate at which the water
level in the container is falling when the height of water in the container is halved.
(05marks)

SECTION B (60 MARKS)

Answer any five questions from this section. All questions carry equal marks
9. (a) Given that the complex number Z and its conjugate 𝑍 satisfy the equation
Z𝑍 − 2𝑍 + 2𝑍 = 5 − 4𝑖. Find possible values of Z. (06marks)
𝑍−6𝑖
(c) Prove that if is real, then the locus of the point representing the complex
𝑍+8
number Z is a straight line. (06marks)
10. A circle whose centre is in the first quadrant touches the x – and y –axes and the line
8x – 15y = 120. Find the
(a) equation of the circle (10marks)
(b) point at which the circle touches the x-axis. (02marks)
11. A curve whose equation is x2y + y2 -3x =3 passes through points A(1, 2)and B(-1, 0). The
tangent at A and the normal at the curve at B intersect at point C. Determine;
(a) equation of the tangent. (06marks)
 (b) coordinates of C. (06marks)
12. (a) Express cos (θ + 30)0 – cos (θ + 48)0 in the form RsinPsinQ, where R is constant.
Hence solve th3 equation
cos (θ + 30)0 – cos (θ + 48)0 = 0.2 (06marks)
sin(𝐴−𝐵) 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
(b) Prove that in any triangle ABC, = (06marks)
sin(𝐴+𝐵) 𝑐2
13. (a) solve the simultaneous equation
(x – 4y)2 = 1
3x = 8y = 11 (06marks)
(b) Solve the inequality
4x2 + 2x < 3x + 6 (06marks)
14. (a) The points A and B have position vectors a and b. A point C with vector position c lies
𝐴𝐶
on AB such that = 𝜆. Show that c = (1 – λ)a + λb. (04marks)
𝐴𝐵
(b) the vector equation of two lines are;
r1 = 2i + j + λ(i + j + 2k) and r2 = 2i+ 2j + tk + 𝜇(𝑖 + 2𝑗 + 𝑘)
where i, j and k are unit vectors and λ, μ and t are constants. Given that the two lines
intersect, find
(i) the value of t.
(ii) the coordinates of the point of intersection. (08marks)
15. (a) sketch the curve y = x3 – 8 (08marks)
(b) The area enclosed by the curve in (a), the y-axis and x-axis is rotate about the line
y = 0 through 3600. Determine the volume of the solid generated. (04 marks)
1
𝑑𝑦
16. Solve the differential equation = (𝑥𝑦)2 𝐼𝑛𝑥, given that y = 1 when x = 1.
𝑑𝑥
Hence find the value of y when x = 4 (12marks)

Solutions

SECTION A (40 marks)

Answer all questions in this section

𝑥 𝑛
1. The coefficient of the first three terms of the expansion of (1 + ) are in arithmetic
2
Progression (AP). Find the value of n. (05marks)
𝑥 𝑛
The expansion of(1 + ) is given by pinch
2
𝑛(𝑛−1) 2
𝑥 𝑛 𝑛 4
𝑥
(1 + ) = 1 + 𝑥 + +⋯
2 2 2!
𝑛 𝑛(𝑛−1)𝑥 2
=1+ 𝑥+ +⋯
2 8
𝑛 𝑛(𝑛−1)
U1 = 1, U2 = ; U3 =
2 8
But 3rd term – 2nd term = 2nd term – 1st term
𝑛(𝑛−1) 𝑛 𝑛
− = −1
8 2 2
𝑛(𝑛−1)
= 𝑛−1
8
𝑛(𝑛 − 1) = 8𝑛 − 1
n2 – 9n + 1 = 0
 (n -8)(n -1) = 0
n–8=0
n= 8
2. Solve the equation 3tan2θ + 2sec2 θ = 2(5 – 3tanθ) for 00 < θ <1800 (05marks)
Let t = tan θ
3t2- 2(1 + t2) = 2(5 -3t)
5t2 + 6t – 8 = 0
−6±√62 −4(5)(−8) −6 ±14 4
t= = = -2 or
2(5) 10 5
-1 0
Taking t = -2; θ = tan (-2) = 116.57
4 4
Taking t = ; θ = tan-1( ) = 38.660
5 5
Hence θ = 38.660, 116.570

1+2𝑥 2
3. Differentiate ( ) with respect to x. (05marks)
1+𝑥
1+2𝑥 2
Let y = ( )
1+𝑥
𝑑𝑦 4(1+2𝑥)(1+ 𝑥)2 −2(1+𝑥)(1+2𝑥)2
=
𝑑𝑥 (1+𝑥)4
2(1+2𝑥)(1+𝑥)[2+2𝑥−1−2𝑥]
=
(1+𝑥)4
2(1+2𝑥)(1+𝑥)(1)
=
(1+𝑥)4
𝑑𝑦 2(1+2𝑥)
=
𝑑𝑥 (1+𝑥)3
4. Solve for x in the 42x – 4x + 1 + 4 = 0
(4𝑥 )2 − 4(4𝑥 ) + 4 = 0
Let q = 4𝑥
q2 -4q + 4 = 0
(q – 2)2 = 0
q=2
 4x = 2
22x =21
2x = 1
1
x=
2
5. The vertices of a triangle are P(4, 3), Q(6, 4) and R(5, 8). Find angle RPQ using vectors.
(05marks)
Let <RPQ = θ

̅̅̅̅ 6 4 2
𝑃𝑄 = ( ) − ( ) = ( )
4 3 1
̅̅̅̅ 5 4 1
𝑃𝑅 = ( ) − ( ) = ( )
8 3 5
̅̅̅̅ 2 2
|𝑃𝑄 | = √2 + 1 = √5
 ̅̅̅̅| = √12 + 52 = √26
|𝑃𝑅
2 1
( ) ( ) = √5 . √26𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
1 5
2 + 5 = √130𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
7
θ = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 ( ) = 52.130
√130

4
6. Show that ∫2 𝑥𝐼𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 14𝐼𝑛2 − 3 (05matks)
Let u = Inx and v2 = x
1
 u' = and v’ = x
𝑥
4
4 𝑥2 1 4
∫2 𝑥𝐼𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = [ 2 𝐼𝑛𝑥] − ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥
2 2
2
1 1
= (16𝐼𝑛4 − 4𝐼𝑛2) − [𝑥 2 ]42
2 4
1 1
= (16𝐼𝑛 22 − 4𝐼𝑛2) − (16 − 4)
2 4
1 1
= (32𝐼𝑛 2 − 4𝐼𝑛2) − (16 − 4)
2 4
= 14In2 -3
7. The equation of the curve is given by y2 – 6y + 20x + 49 = 0
(a) Show that the curve is a parabola. (03marks)
y2 – 6y + 20x + 49 = 0
(y – 3)2 – 9 + 20x + 49 = 0
(y – 3)2 = - 20x – 40
(y – 3)2 = - 20(x + 2)
(b) Find the coordinates of the vertex. (02marks)
V(-2,3)
8. A container is in form of an inverted right angled circular cone. Its height is 100cm and
base radius is 40cm. the container is full of water and has a small hole at its vertex.
Water is flowing through the hole at a rate of 10cm3s-1. Find the rate at which the water
level in the container is falling when the height of water in the container is halved.
(05marks)
ℎ 𝑟 2
= =>r = ℎ
100 40 5
1 2 2 4
𝑣= 𝜋 ( ℎ) = 𝜋ℎ2
3 5 75
𝑑𝑣
= −10
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑣 4
= 𝜋ℎ2
𝑑ℎ 25
𝑑ℎ 𝑑ℎ 𝑑𝑣 25
= 𝑥 = 𝑥 − 10
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑡 4𝜋ℎ2
250
=
4𝜋(50)2
= 0.00796

SECTION B (60 MARKS)

Answer any five questions from this section. All questions carry equal marks
9. (a) Given that the complex number Z and its conjugate 𝑍 satisfy the equation
Z𝑍 − 2𝑍 + 2𝑍 = 5 − 4𝑖. Find possible values of Z. (06marks)
Z = x + yi, 𝑍̅ = (𝑥 − 𝑦𝑖)
Z𝑍 − 2𝑍 + 2𝑍 = 5 − 4𝑖.
(x + yi)(x – yi) – 2(x + yi) + 2(x – yi) = 5 – 4i
 x2 + y2 -2x -2yi + 2x – 2yi = 5 -4i
x2 + y2 - 4yi = 5 -4i
equating imaginary part
-4yi = -4
y =1
equating real parts
x2 + y2 = 5
x2 + 12 = 5
x = ±2
∴ Z = ±2 + 1
𝑍−6𝑖
(b) Prove that if is real, then the locus of the point representing the complex
𝑍+8
number Z is a straight line. (06marks)
𝑍−6𝑖 𝑥+𝑦𝑖−6𝑖
=
𝑍+8 𝑥+𝑦𝑖+8
𝑥+(𝑦−6)𝑖
=
𝑥+8+𝑦𝑖
𝑥+(𝑦−6)𝑖 𝑥+ 8−𝑦𝑖
= .
𝑥+8+𝑦𝑖 𝑥+8+𝑦𝑖
𝑥 2 +8𝑥+ 𝑦 2 −6𝑦+(𝑥𝑦−6𝑥−48−𝑥𝑦)𝑖
= (𝑥+8)2 + 𝑦 2
𝑧−6𝑖
𝐼𝑀 =0
𝑧+8
8𝑦−6𝑥−48
(𝑥+8)2 + 𝑦 2
=0
8𝑦 − 6𝑥 − 48 = 0
4y- 3x – 24 = 0
Or
3
y= 𝑥+6
4
10. A circle whose centre is in the first quadrant touches the x – and y –axes and the line
8x – 15y = 120. Find the
(a) equation of the circle (10marks)

|8𝑎−15𝑎−120|
Radius a =
√82 + (−15)2
|−7𝑎+120|
=
17
17a = 7a + 120
10a = 120
a = 12
Equation of the circle
(x – 12)2 + (y – 12)2 = 122
X2 + y2 – 24x -24y + 144 = 0
(b) point at which the circle touches the x-axis. (02marks)
y=0
(x – 12)2 = 0
x = 12
the point (12, 0)
11. A curve whose equation is x2y + y2 -3x =3 passes through points A(1, 2)and B(-1, 0). The
tangent at A and the normal at the curve at B intersect at point C. Determine;
(a) equation of the tangent. (06marks)
x2y + y2 -3x =3
 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2xy + 2 -3 + 2y =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
At (1,2)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2(1)(2) + 2 -3 + 2(2) =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1
=
𝑑𝑥 5
Tangent y – y1 = m(x – 1)
1
y–2= (𝑥 − 1)
5
1 11
y=- 𝑥+
5 5

(b) coordinates of C. (06marks)

At B(-1, 0)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2(-1)(0) + 2 -3 + 2(0) =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= 3
𝑑𝑥

1(𝑥+1)
y–0=-
3
1 1
y=− 𝑥−
3 3

At C
1 11 1 1
− 𝑥+ = − 𝑥−
5 5 3 3

-3x + 33 = -5x -5

-2x = 38

x = -19
19 1
y= − =6
3 3

C(-19, 6)

12. (a) Express cos (θ + 30)0 – cos (θ + 48)0 in the form RsinPsinQ, where R is constant.
Hence solve th3 equation
cos (θ + 30)0 – cos (θ + 48)0 = 0.2 (06marks)

cos (θ + 30)0 – cos (θ + 48)0

𝜃 + 300 + 𝜃+ 480 𝜃 + 300 − 𝜃 − 480
= -2sin( ) sin ( )
2 2
0 0
= -2sin (θ + 39 )sin(-9 )

cos (θ + 30)0 – cos (θ + 48)0 = 0.

 -2sin (θ + 390)sin(-90) = 0.2
sin (θ + 390) = 0.63925
θ + 390 = 39.740
θ = 0.740
sin(𝐴−𝐵) 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
(b) Prove that in any triangle ABC, = (06marks)
sin(𝐴+𝐵) 𝑐2
 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 (2𝑅𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐴)2 − (2𝑅𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐵)2
=
𝑐2 (2𝑅𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝐶)2

4𝑅2 (𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝐴− 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝐵

=
4𝑅2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝐶

(sin 𝐴+sin 𝐵)(sin 𝐴−sin 𝐵)

=
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 [1800 −(𝐴+𝐵]

𝐴+ 𝐵 𝐴− 𝐵 𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵
2 sin( ) cos( ) .2 cos( ) sin( )
2 2 2 2
=
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (𝐴+𝐵)

sin(𝐴+𝐵) sin(𝐴−𝐵)
=
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (𝐴+𝐵)

sin(𝐴−𝐵)
=
𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝐴+𝐵)

13. (a) solve the simultaneous equation

(x – 4y)2 = 1
3x = 8y = 11 (06marks)
Solving equations
(x – 4y) = 1 …………………… (i)
3x = 8y = 11……………………. (ii)
Eqn. (ii) - 3Eqn. (i)
20y = 8
8 2
y= =
20 5
From eqn. (i)
2 13
x = 1 + 4( ) =
5 5
And
(x – 4y) = -1 …………………… (i)
3x = 8y = 11……………………. (ii)
2(eqn (i)) + eqn. (ii)
5x = 9
9
x =
5
From equation (i)
9
4y = +1
5
7
y=
10
13 2 9 7
∴ (x,y) = ( , ),( , )
5 5 5 10
(c) Solve the inequality
4x2 + 2x < 3x + 6 (06marks)
4x2 + 5x – 6 < 0
Critical values
−5±√52 −4(4)(−6)
x=
2(4)
−5±√121
=
8
3
x = -2,
4
3 3
x < -2 -2 < x < x>
4 4
4x2 + 5x – 6 + - +
 3
∴ -2 < x <
4
14. (a) The points A and B have position vectors a and b. A point C with vector position c lies
𝐴𝐶
on AB such that = 𝜆. Show that c = (1 – λ)a + λb. (04marks)
𝐴𝐵

̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶
̅̅̅̅
= λ
𝐴𝐵
̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 = λ𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅
̅̅̅̅ − 𝑂𝐴
𝑂𝐶 ̅̅̅̅ = λ(𝑂𝐵
̅̅̅̅ − 𝑂𝐴
̅̅̅̅
c – a = λ(b – a)
c = a + λ(b – a)
= (1 – λ)a + λb

(b) the vector equation of two lines are;

r1 = 2i + j + λ(i + j + 2k) and r2 = 2i+ 2j + tk + 𝜇(𝑖 + 2𝑗 + 𝑘)
where i, j and k are unit vectors and λ, μ and t are constants. Given that the two lines
intersect, find
(i) the value of t.
x = 2 + λ = 2+ μ ……………… (i)
y = 1 + λ= 2 + 2μ ……………..(ii)
z = 2λ = t + λ …………………... (iii)
From eqn. (i)
2 + λ = 2+ μ
λ=μ
from eqn. (ii)
1 + λ= 2 + 2μ
1 + μ = 2 + 2μ
μ = λ = -1
from eqn. (iii)
2λ = t + λ
2(-1) = t – 1
t = -1
(ii) the coordinates of the point of intersection. (08marks)
x =2 + λ = 2 -1 = 1
y = 1 + λ = 1 -1 = 0
z = 2λ = 2(-1) = -2
∴ (x, y, z) = (1, 0, -2)
15. (a) sketch the curve y = x3 – 8 (08marks)
y = x3 – 8
Intercepts
When x = 0, y = -8
When y = 0, x = 2
(x, y) = (2, 0)
𝑑𝑦
Turning point: = 3𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥
3x2 = 0
x=0
𝑑2 𝑦
= 6𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
 𝑑2 𝑦
= 0, 𝑥 = 0
𝑑𝑥 2

Point of reflection= (0, 8)

x<2 x>2

y - +

(b) The area enclosed by the curve in (a), the y-axis and x-axis is rotate about the line
y = 0 through 3600. Determine the volume of the solid generated. (04 marks)
2
V = 𝜋 ∫0 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑥
2
= 𝜋 ∫0 (𝑥 3 − 8)2 𝑑𝑥
2
= 𝜋 ∫0 (𝑥 6 − 16𝑥 3 + 64)𝑑𝑥
2
𝑥7
=𝜋 [ − 4𝑥 4 + 64𝑥]
7 0
128
=𝜋( − 64 + 128 )
7
576𝜋
= =250.5082 units3
7
 1
𝑑𝑦
16. Solve the differential equation = (𝑥𝑦)2 𝐼𝑛𝑥, given that y = 1 when x = 1.
𝑑𝑥
Hence find the value of y when x = 4 (12marks)

1 1 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
= (𝑥𝑦)2 𝐼𝑛𝑥 = = 𝑦 2 𝑥 2 𝐼𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1 1
−
∫𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥 𝐼𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2
1
2√𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝐼𝑛𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1
u = Inx, u’ =
𝑥
1
2 1
v’ = 𝑥 2 , v = 𝑥 2
3
2 4
2 √𝑦 = 𝑥 √𝑥𝐼𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥 √𝑥 + 𝑐
3 9
2 4
2√1 = (1) √(1)𝐼𝑛(1) − (1)√(1) + 𝑐
3 9
4 22
c=2+ =
9 9
2 4 22
2 √𝑦 = 𝑥 √𝑥𝐼𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥 √𝑥 +
3 9 9
1 2 11
√𝑦 = 3
𝑥 √𝑥𝐼𝑛𝑥 − 𝑥 √𝑥 +
9 9

Hence

1 2 11
√𝑦 = 3 (4) √(4)𝐼𝑛(4) − 9 (4)√(4) + 9
𝑦 = 9.8673