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Aim 441

The document outlines distress and urgency communication procedures for pilots encountering difficulties. It discusses: 1) How pilots can obtain assistance by contacting the air traffic facility in whose area they are operating and stating the nature of difficulty, intentions, and assistance desired. 2) Procedures for distress (MAYDAY) and urgency (PAN-PAN) communications, including having absolute/priority over other communications. 3) Steps a pilot should take to obtain emergency assistance, such as climbing for better communications if possible, continuing to squawk transponder codes, and contacting the nearest tower if the initial facility does not respond.

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احمد عبد
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
39 views

Aim 441

The document outlines distress and urgency communication procedures for pilots encountering difficulties. It discusses: 1) How pilots can obtain assistance by contacting the air traffic facility in whose area they are operating and stating the nature of difficulty, intentions, and assistance desired. 2) Procedures for distress (MAYDAY) and urgency (PAN-PAN) communications, including having absolute/priority over other communications. 3) Steps a pilot should take to obtain emergency assistance, such as climbing for better communications if possible, continuing to squawk transponder codes, and contacting the nearest tower if the initial facility does not respond.

Uploaded by

احمد عبد
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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6/17/21 

AIM 

Section 3.  Distress and Urgency Procedures 

6−3−1.  Distress and Urgency  and rescue coordinator if warranted. Responsibility 


Communications  will  be  transferred  to  another  station  only  if  better 
handling will result. 
a.  A  pilot  who  encounters  a  distress  or  urgency
condition can obtain assistance simply by contacting  g.  All  other   stations,  aircraft   and  ground,  will 
the air traffic facility or other agency in whose area of  continue to listen until it is evident that assistance is 
responsibility  the  aircraft  is  operating,  stating   the  being provided. If any station becomes aware that the 
nature  of  the  difficulty,  pilot’s  intentions   and  station being called either has not received a distress
 
assistance desired. Distress and urgency communica­ or urgency message, or cannot communicate with the 
tions procedures are prescribed by the International  aircraft  in  difficulty,  it  will  attempt  to  contact  the 
Civil  Aviation  Organization  (ICAO),  however, and  aircraft and provide assistance. 
have decided advantages over the informal procedure  h.  Although  the  frequency  in   use  or  other 
described above.  frequencies  assigned  by  ATC   are  preferable,  the 
b.  Distress  and  urgency  communications  proce­ following  emergency  frequencies  can  be  used  for 
dures discussed in the following paragraphs relate to  distress or urgency communications, if necessary or 
the use of air ground voice communications.  desirable: 
121.5 MHz and 243.0 MHz. Both  have  a  range 
c.  The  initial  communication,  and  if  considered 
generally  limited  to  line  of  sight.  121.5  MHz   is 
necessary,  any  subsequent  transmissions  by  an 
guarded  by  direction  finding  stations  and  some 
aircraft  in   distress  should  begin  with  the   signal 
military and civil aircraft. 243.0 MHz is guarded by 
MAYDAY,  preferably  repeated  three  times.   The 
military aircraft. Both 121.5 MHz and 243.0 MHz are 
signal PAN−PAN should be used in the same manner 
guarded  by  military  towers,  most  civil  towers,  and 
for an urgency condition. 
 
radar  facilities. Normally   
ARTCC emergency 
d.  Distress communications have absolute priority  frequency  capability  does  not  extend   to  radar 
over  all  other  communications,  and   the  word  coverage limits. If an ARTCC does not respond when 
MAYDAY commands radio silence on the frequency  called on 121.5 MHz or 243.0 MHz, call the nearest 
in use. Urgency communications have priority over  tower. 
all  other  communications  except   distress,  and  the 
word PAN−PAN warns other stations not to interfere  6−3−2.  Obtaining Emergency Assistance 
with urgency transmissions. 
a.  A  pilot  in  any   distress  or   urgency  condition 
e.  Normally,  the  station  addressed  will   be  the  should   immediately  take  the  following  action,  not 
air traffic facility or other agency providing air traffic  necessarily in the order listed, to obtain assistance: 
services, on the frequency in use at the time. If the 
pilot  is  not  communicating  and  receiving  services,  1.  Climb, if possible, for improved communica­
 
the station to be called will normally be the air traffic  tions, and better radar and direction finding detection. 
facility or other agency in whose area of responsibil­ However,  it  must  be  understood  that  unauthorized 
ity  the  aircraft  is  operating,  on  the  appropriate  climb  or  descent   under  IFR  conditions  within 
assigned frequency. If the station addressed does not   
controlled airspace is prohibited, except as permitted 
respond,  or   if  time   or  the   situation  dictates,  the  by 14 CFR Section 91.3(b). 
distress or urgency message may be broadcast, or a  2.  If equipped with a radar beacon transponder 
collect  call  may  be  used,  addressing  “Any  Station  (civil) or IFF/SIF (military): 
(Tower)(Radio)(Radar).” 
(a)  Continue squawking assigned Mode A/3 
f.  The  station  addressed  should  immediately  discrete  code/VFR  code  and  Mode  C  altitude 
 
acknowledge a distress or urgency message, provide  encoding  when  in  radio  contact  with  an  air  traffic 
assistance,  coordinate  and  direct  the  activities  of  facility or other agency providing air traffic services, 
assisting  facilities,  and  alert  the  appropriate  search  unless instructed to do otherwise. 

Distress and Urgency Procedures  6−3−1 

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