ASSIGNMENT

NAME: SHIZA NADEEM

UNIVERSITY ROLL NO: 22041556-060
COLLEGE ROLL NO: 123
DEPARTMENT: BS-IT
SEMESTER: 1st (MORNING)
SUBJECT:INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
CODE: CS-161
TEACHER: SIR M. IKRAM UL HAQ

WINDOWS 7
1. Introduction to Windows 7

2. Features of Windows 7

3. System requirements for WIndows 7

4. Installation and upgrade options

5. User interface and navigation

6. Windows 7 editions

7. Security features

8. Performance improvements

9. Applications and software compatibility

10. Conclusion

Contents
Let's get started..............................................................................................................................2

Let's get started.

1. Introduction to Windows 7 Windows 7 is a personal computer operating system
developed by Microsoft as a part of the Windows NT family of operating systems. It was
released to manufacturing on July 22, 2009, and became generally available on October 22,
2009.

2. Features of Windows 7 Windows 7 introduced several new features and

improvements over its predecessor, Windows Vista. Some of the key features of Windows 7
include:

a) Improved user interface with the Aero graphical user interface b) Support for multi
touch input c) Libraries for managing files and folders d) Jump lists for quick access to
recently used documents and applications e) Improved search functionality f) Improved
taskbar with thumbnail previews and pinning of applications g) Home Group for easy
sharing of files and printers on a home network h) Windows Live Essentials, which
includes a collection of applications for photo and video editing, email, and instant
messaging i) Windows Touch for touch-enabled devices j) DirectX 11 for better gaming
experience k) Bit Locker for data protection

3. System requirements for Windows 7 Windows 7 has the following system

requirements:

a) 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster 32-bit (x86) or 64-bit (x64) processor b) 1 gigabyte (GB)
RAM (32-bit) or 2 GB RAM (64-bit) c) 16 GB available hard disk space (32-bit) or 20 GB
(64-bit) d) DirectX 9 graphics device with WDDM 1.0 or higher driver

4. Installation and upgrade options Windows 7 can be installed through a DVD or a

USB drive. It can be installed as an upgrade or as a clean installation. If you are upgrading
from Windows Vista, you can do an in-place upgrade, which will keep your files, settings,
and programs intact. If you are upgrading from Windows XP, you will need to do a clean
installation, which will require you to backup your files and reinstall your programs.

5. User interface and navigation Windows 7 has an improved user interface compared
to its predecessors. The Aero graphical user interface includes translucent windows, live
taskbar thumbnails, and a new Start menu. The taskbar has been redesigned to allow you
to pin your favorite applications and access them with just one click. The Start menu has
been improved to make it easier to find and launch programs.

6. Windows 7 editions Windows 7 is available in several editions, including:

a) Windows 7 Starter b) Windows 7 Home Basic c) Windows 7 Home Premium d)

Windows 7 Professional e) Windows 7 Enterprise f) Windows 7 Ultimate

The features and functionality of each edition vary.

7. Security features Windows 7 includes several security features to help protect your
computer from viruses, spyware, and other malicious software. Some of the key security
features include:

a) Windows Defender for real-time protection against spyware and other unwanted
software b) User Account Control to help prevent unauthorized changes to your computer
c) Windows Firewall to help protect your computer from unauthorized access d) BitLocker
for data protection e) Windows Update to keep your computer.

8. Performance improvements Windows 7 includes several performance

improvements over its predecessors, including:

a) Faster boot and shutdown times b) Improved power management to increase battery life
on laptops c) Reduced memory footprint for better performance on systems with limited
RAM d) Support for 64-bit processors and applications, which can provide better
performance on systems with large amounts of RAM e) Improved graphics performance
through DirectX 11 and support for hardware acceleration

9. Applications and software compatibility Windows 7 is designed to be compatible

with most software and applications that run on Windows Vista. Many applications that
were designed for Windows XP also run on Windows 7, although some may require
compatibility settings or updates. Microsoft provides a compatibility tool that can help you
determine whether a particular application is compatible with Windows 7.

10. Conclusion , Windows 7 is a powerful and user-friendly operating system that

includes many new features and improvements over its predecessors. It is designed to be
easy to use and compatible with most software and applications

Windows 8
What is Windows 8 and how does it differ from previous versions of Windows?
What are the key features of Windows 8?
How do these features benefit users and improve the user experience?
What are some of the criticisms of Windows 8?

Windows 8 is a Microsoft operating system that was released in 2012. It was designed to be
more touch-friendly and optimized for tablets and other mobile devices, while still being
usable on desktop computers. Windows 8 introduced a new interface called the "Start screen"
which features a grid of live tiles that can be customized to show information and launch
applications. The traditional desktop interface is still available, but it is not the default
interface on touch-enabled devices. Windows 8 also introduced new security features,
improved performance, and support for new hardware.

The key features of Windows 8 include:

Start screen: The Start screen is the main interface of Windows 8. It features a grid of live tiles
that can be customized to show information and launch applications. The Start screen is
designed to be touch-friendly, but it can also be used with a keyboard and mouse.

Charms bar: The Charms bar is a menu that can be accessed by swiping in from the right side
of the screen. It provides quick access to common settings such as search, share, and settings.

Snap view: Snap view allows users to snap two apps side by side on the screen. This is useful
for multitasking and for comparing information from two different apps.
Cloud integration: Windows 8 integrates with Microsoft's cloud services, such as OneDrive
(formerly SkyDrive), to provide seamless access to files and settings across devices.

Windows Store: The Windows Store is an app store that allows users to download and install
applications. It also provides a centralized location for managing app updates.

These features benefit users by providing a more modern and streamlined user experience.
The touch-friendly interface is intuitive and easy to use, especially on tablets and other mobile
devices. The Charms bar and Snap view make it easy to access and compare information from
multiple apps. The cloud integration and Windows Store make it easy to access files and install
new applications.

Some of the criticisms of Windows 8 include:

User interface: The Start screen and touch-friendly interface were controversial when Windows
8 was first released. Some users found it confusing and difficult to use, especially on desktop
computers.

App ecosystem: The Windows Store initially had a limited selection of apps compared to other
app stores, such as the Apple App Store and Google Play.

Desktop changes: Some users were frustrated by changes to the traditional desktop interface,
such as the removal of the Start menu.

Hardware requirements: Windows 8 has higher hardware requirements than previous versions
of Windows, which made it difficult for some users to upgrade their computers.

Sources:

Microsoft. (2012). Windows 8. Retrieved from

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/windows-8

Windows 8 was a significant departure from previous versions of Windows, particularly in

terms of its user interface. The Start screen, with its live tiles and touch-friendly design, was a
major departure from the traditional Start menu, which had been a staple of the Windows
interface for years.
One of the key benefits of the new Start screen is that it allows users to easily customize their
app layout and organize their favorite apps and information in a way that is most useful to
them. Live tiles can display real-time information, such as news headlines, weather updates,
and social media feeds, providing users with up-to-the-minute information without having to
open an app.

Windows 8 also introduced a new feature called "Windows To Go," which allows users to
create a bootable version of Windows 8 on a USB drive. This is particularly useful for people
who need to use a different computer, but want to have access to their own familiar Windows
environment.

Another major feature of Windows 8 is its integration with Microsoft's cloud services. The
SkyDrive (now OneDrive) cloud storage service allows users to store their files and documents
in the cloud and access them from any device with an internet connection. This integration
with the cloud also makes it easier to share files and collaborate with others.
Windows 8 also includes a number of security features, such as Windows Defender, which
provides real-time protection against malware and other threats, and SmartScreen, which
helps protect users from phishing scams and other online threats.
One of the criticisms of Windows 8 was that it was designed primarily for touch-based devices
and was not as well-suited for traditional desktop and laptop computers. This led to
frustration among some users who found the interface difficult to navigate and the touch-
centric design not as useful on non-touch devices.
To address some of these criticisms, Microsoft released an update to Windows 8, called
Windows 8.1, which reintroduced the Start button and provided other user interface tweaks
and improvements. However, the changes were not enough to fully satisfy some users who
preferred the more traditional Windows interface.

Sources:

Microsoft. (2012). Windows 8: The Official Review.

Windows IT Pro. (2013). Windows 8: A Look at the New Features.

Windows 10
Introduction
Windows 10 is a popular operating system that is widely used on desktops, laptops, and
tablets. It is known for its ease of use, security, and flexibility. In this assignment, we will
explore the key features of Windows 10 and how they can be used to improve your computing
experience.
Features of Windows 10

a. Start Menu: The Start Menu is the central hub of Windows 10, which provides access to
various apps, files, and settings. The Start Menu can be customized to include your most
frequently used apps and tiles for quick access.

b. Virtual Desktops: Windows 10 provides the option to create multiple virtual desktops,
which allow you to organize your work and switch between different applications and
projects.

c. Cortana is a virtual assistant that can help you with various tasks, such as setting
reminders, searching the web, and opening apps.

d. Task View: The Task View is a feature that provides a quick view of all the open applications
and allows you to switch between them easily.

e. Action Center: The Action Center is a centralized hub that provides notifications for various
apps and system alerts, such as new emails, software updates, and security warnings.

f. File Explorer: The File Explorer is a file management tool that allows you to browse,
organize, and search for files and folders on your computer.

g. Microsoft Edge: Microsoft Edge is the default web browser for Windows 10, which provides
a fast and secure browsing experience.

h. Security: Windows 10 includes various security features, such as Windows Defender, which
provides real-time protection against malware and viruses.

Conclusion
In conclusion, Windows 10 is a powerful and versatile operating system that provides a wide
range of features to improve your computing experience. Understanding these features can
help you make the most of your computer and work more efficiently.

Windows 11
Introduction:
Windows 11 is the latest operating system developed by Microsoft. It was released in October
2021 as a successor to Windows 10. Windows 11 comes with many new features and
improvements, making it a significant upgrade from its predecessor. In this assignment, you
will explore the new features and changes introduced in Windows 11.

Part 1: System Requirements

Research and list the minimum system requirements for Windows 11.
Explain the reasons behind the changes in system requirements from Windows 10 to Windows
11.
Discuss the impact of these system requirements on users and businesses.
Part 2: User Interface

Describe the changes in the user interface in Windows 11, including the Start menu, taskbar,
and settings app.
Evaluate the new design in terms of user experience and accessibility.
Discuss the potential impact of these changes on productivity and efficiency.
Part 3: Features and Improvements

List and describe at least five new features and improvements in Windows 11, such as virtual
desktops, snap layouts, and Microsoft Teams integration.
Evaluate the usefulness and practicality of these features for different types of users.
Discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks of these new features for businesses and
organizations.
Part 4: Security and Privacy

Explain the new security and privacy features in Windows 11, including Windows Hello,
virtualization-based security, and enhanced hardware security.
Evaluate the effectiveness of these features in protecting user data and privacy.
Discuss the potential impact of these new security features on businesses and organizations.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, Windows 11 introduces many new features and improvements, along with
changes to the user interface and system requirements. It also brings new security and privacy
features to protect user data and privacy. As technology continues to evolve, it is essential for
users and businesses to adapt to these changes and stay up-to-date with the latest operating
systems and software.