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Infographic Michelle

Motor control theory describes the process of initiating, directing, and grading purposeful voluntary movement through various theories. These include reflex theory, which proposes that reflexes are the basis for movement; dynamic systems theory, which implies movement emerges from the interaction of the environment and individual abilities; hierarchical theory, which suggests cortical centers control movement in a top-down manner; motor program theory, which posits that adaptive motor programs and generalized motor programs exist to control common actions; and ecological theory, which states that movement is influenced by the interaction between the person, task, and environment.

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27 views1 page

Infographic Michelle

Motor control theory describes the process of initiating, directing, and grading purposeful voluntary movement through various theories. These include reflex theory, which proposes that reflexes are the basis for movement; dynamic systems theory, which implies movement emerges from the interaction of the environment and individual abilities; hierarchical theory, which suggests cortical centers control movement in a top-down manner; motor program theory, which posits that adaptive motor programs and generalized motor programs exist to control common actions; and ecological theory, which states that movement is influenced by the interaction between the person, task, and environment.

Uploaded by

Jisrael Ompad
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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MOTOR CONTROL THEORY

Motor Control is defined as the process of initiating,


directing, and grading purposeful voluntary movement.
Motor Control Theories include the production of
reflexive, automatic, adaptive, and voluntary
movements and the performance of efficient,
coordinated, goal-directed movement patterns which
involve multiple body systems (input, output, and
central processing) and multiple levels within the
nervous system.
MOTOR CONTROL THEORIES:
1.) REFLEX THEORY

He believed that for any moment of stimulus enter the body


sensory input is always essential.
Movement is controlled by stimulus-response.
Reflexes are the basis for movement - Reflexes are
combined into actions that create behavior.
How does Reflex Theory work

(Charles Sherrington
1906)

2.) DYNAMIC SYSTEMS THEORY


According to Bernstein's model of motor function, individuals
have the capacity to decide, among a multitude of available
trajectories, of the most suitable trajectory. Dynamic systems
theory implies that there are both possibilities and obstacles
posed by the interaction of the environment and the ability of
the individual to step forward. Movement emerges to control
degrees of freedom.

(Leonard Bernstein
1967)

3.) HIERARCHICAL THEORY

( Adams 1971)
Cortical centers control movement in a top-down manner
throughout the nervous system.
Closed-loop Mode: Sensory feedback is needed and used to control
the movement.
Voluntary movements initiated by “Will” (higher levels). Reflexive
movements dominate only after CNS damage.

4.) MOTOR PROGRAM


5.) ECOLOGICAL THEORY
THEORY

(Schmidt 1976) (Gibson &


Pick 2000)
Adaptive, exible motor programs (MPs) The person, the task, and the
and generalized motor programs environment interact to influence
(GMPs) exist to control actions that motor behavior and learning. The
have common characteristics. interaction of the person with any
Higher-level Motor Programs - Store given environment provides perceptual
rules for generating movements. information used to control movement.

The motivation to solve problems to
Prepared by: accomplish a desired movement task
MANGINLAUD M. goal facilitates learning.

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