SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

SCHOOL YEAR 2022 – 2023

Handout

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY – Grade 9

I. INSTALLATION OF HARDWARE COMPONENTS AND OTHER PERIPHERALS

A. Computer Disassembly
Before starting computer disassembly, make sure you have the tools you need and they're all close by and
handy and be sure to have a container to keep the screws in so you have them when you want to put
things back together.
Step 1. Unplugging
- unplug every cable that is plugged in to your computer for safety purposes then move your PC to a clean
work space. That includes the cables such as Power, USB, Mouse, Keyboard, Internet, Ethernet, Modem,
AM\FM Antenna, Cable TV, etc.
Step 2. Opening the Outer Shell/Case
- unscrew the screws at the back of the computer chassis. Once the screws are removed, you can remove
the side panels. On most computers, they just slide off. Start with the left side panel (the side that once
had the knobs), slide it towards the back of the computer.

Note: If you are working on a carpet, about every five minutes touch something that is grounded (Sink
faucet /pipe, wire coming from the ground part of a wall outlet). This is done so you do not shock your
motherboard or other parts.
Step 3. Removing the System Fan
- unplug the fan from the motherboard. You can find the plug by following the wire from the fan. It should
be labeled "SYS_FAN1". Next, unscrew the fan from the outside and lift the fan out of the PC.

Step 4. Removing the CPU Fan with Heatsink

- CPU fan is located right on top of the CPU which is hard to access. Remove the four screws securing it in
place.

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Step 5. Power Supply
- unplug every wire coming from the power supply. Disconnect the motherboard (very large
connector/plug), CD/DVD drive(s) power, internal hard drive power and portable hard drive slot power.
Once everything is unplugged, unscrew the four screws holding the power supply in place, on the back of
the computer. Next, push the power supply from the outside, and then lift it out.

Step 6. DVD Drive

- unplug the ribbon from the back of the drive. Once that is completed, pull on tab securing the drive-in
place, then push it out from the inside.

Step 7. Hard Drive

- unplug the connector and SATA cable at the back of the slot, and the other end from the motherboard.
Also unplug the SATA cable from the motherboard and the hard drive. The portable hard drive slot is
secured the same way the CD/DVD drive is, with a tab. Pull on the tab, then slide the slot out. To remove
the hard drive from the side of the slot, unscrew the four screws securing it in place.

Step 8. Memory (RAM)

- to remove the RAM, push down on both tabs holding the RAM in place, which are located at both ends of
the RAM.

Step 9. Motherboard
- the motherboard has seven screws holding it to the frame, which are indicated by large white circles
around them. Remove them and then lift the motherboard out of the frame.

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 B. Computer Assembly
Step 1. Prepare your workplace
a. Take Inventory
- do not begin assembling your computer if you don't have everything you need. Begin the step-by-step
process once you are ready with everything you need.

b. Make Space, Make Time

- make sure you have plenty of working room and a few hours to proceed with minimal interruption. Work
on a flat, stable table top surface where you have room to layout all of the items.

c. Prepare Grounding Protection

- use an antistatic wrist strap and mat. Make sure you are wearing your antistatic wrist strap correctly and
you are ready to proceed.

d. Have the Drivers Ready

Step 2. Prepare the Motherboard

1. Great care should be taken when installing the motherboard. Remember, you always want to safeguard
your components from potentially hazardous static electricity (wear your strap).

2. Before you secure the motherboard onto the PC case/chassis, inspect it carefully for any visible defects.
3. Next, review the motherboard manual, to make sure you are familiar with the motherboard layout and
understand which socket is which. Manuals are extremely helpful, usually easy to read, and include
illustrations. Below you can find instructions on how to install the processor, the heat sink and the memory
modules on the motherboard. You should not place the motherboard in the computer case until you are told
to do so.

Step 3. Install the CPU

1. Use the unlocking mechanism to open the CPU socket which is usually a lever.
2. Carefully line up the pins and place the chip in its socket; it will fit only when oriented the proper way. An
arrow or a missing pin on one corner of the chip will show you how to line things up.
3. Align Triangular CPU and socket key marks.

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4. Lower the lever to lock the CPU into place.

Step 4. Install the CPU Fan with Heat Sink

- follow the manufacturer's directions to install the heat sink and the fan that will cool the processor.
1. Attach the clip that holds the heat sink in place keeping in mind that it may require a fair amount of
force. Again, follow the instructions that came with the heat sink. They will show you how to fit it correctly.
If you are in doubt, you can visit the manufacturer's website for more information.
2. Plug the CPU fan's power connector into the proper connector on the motherboard.

Step 5. Install Memory (RAM Modules)

In order to install the memory modules, insert them into the proper sockets and push down firmly but
evenly until the clips on both sides of the socket pop into place. If your motherboard supports dual channel
memory, consult the user manual to determine which pairs of RAM sockets you should use.

Step 6. Place the motherboard into the case

1. Some PC cases have a removable motherboard tray. If yours does, remove the screws holding it in
place and pull it out of the case.

2. Note the pattern of the holes in your motherboard, and screw brass standoffs into the motherboard tray
or into the PC case in the correct locations (ALWAYS check the manual and follow their instructions to
the letter).

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3. Check the layout of the sockets on the motherboard, and confirm that the ports on your motherboard's
back panel match the holes on the case's Input/output (I/O) shield that is installed in your case.
4. Carefully position the motherboard on top of the brass standoffs, line up all the holes, and use the
screws that accompanied the case to fasten down the motherboard. If you are using a removable tray
in your system, slide the tray and motherboard back into the case and then secure the tray.

Step 7: Power Supply Connectors

Making the proper connections is crucial to successfully assembling your PC system. Fortunately,
manufacturers provide color-coded power cables and unique connector shapes to make the job easy.
1. First, plug the large ATX power connector from your power supply into the matching port on your
motherboard.
2. Locate the smaller, square processor power connector and attach it to the motherboard.
3. Use your motherboard user manual and find the description about front-panel connectors.

4. Attach each of the tiny leads from the power and reset switches, the hard-disk activity lights, the PC
speaker, and any front-panel USB and FireWire ports to the corresponding pin on your motherboard.
The needle-nose pliers are useful for manipulating small pieces.

Step 8. Install Graphics / Video Cards

1. Begin by removing the backplane cover from the AGP or PCI Express X16 slot (the metal piece where
the monitor connector will emerge).

2. Install the graphics board in that slot, and then secure the card with a screw

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Step 9. Install Internal Drives
1. Make any necessary changes to jumpers on the drives before mounting them in the case. A two-drive
system (one or two Serial ATA) - is a standard hardware interface for connecting hard drives and
CD/DVD drives to a computer) hard drives, plus one parallel ATA
2. Use the included screws to attach your drives to the rails or cage, and slide them into the case. For
externally accessible drives such as a DVD recorder, you can save time by installing one drive rail and
sliding the drive in for a test fitting to make sure that its front is flush with the case
3. When the drives are installed, connect power and data cables to each one. Parallel SATA drives use
wide, flat data cables that can be installed only in the correct way. Floppy drives use a similar but
smaller cable; SATA drives use a thin, 1cm-wide data cable. SATA drives use a new type of power
connector that many power supplies don't come with. Fortunately, many motherboards ship with
adapters for converting a standard four-pin power connector to a SATA power connector.

Step 10. Connecting Peripherals of a Personal Computer

When attaching hardware and peripherals of the computer, ensure that they are connected to the correct
locations or ports. For example, some mouse and keyboard cables use the same type of PS/2 connector.
So, you must know first the different ports that can be found in the back panel of the computer.

Note:
When attaching cables, never force a connection.
Plug in the power cable after you have connected all other.

Step 1. Attach the monitor cable to the video port.

Step 2. Secure the cable by tightening the screws on the connector.

Step 3. Plug the keyboard cable into the PS/2 keyboard port.

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Step 4. Plug the mouse cable into the PS/2 mouse port.

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Step 5. Plug the USB cable into a USB port.

Step 6. Plug the network cable into the network port.

Step 7. Plug the power cable into the power supply.

Appearance of the PC’s Back Panel

References:
Br. Armin A. Luistro FSC. et al. (2013) Technology Livelihood Education Information and
Communication Technology Learner’s Material Computer Hardware Servicing. Published by
Department of Education.
https://edu.gfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/what-is-acomputer/1/1
https://www.techtarget,com/searchnetworking/definition/networking?amp=

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