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Testing and Commissioning Basic

This document provides guidance for engineers entering the field of electrical testing and commissioning. It outlines key information they should know, including common testing equipment, components tested, principles of testing, and important formulas. Engineers are advised to understand voltage, current, resistance, and other electrical concepts. They should also be able to explain testing methods, define relay types, and write clear notes including equipment details. The goal is to help new engineers understand what is expected in their work.

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Rocky Meet
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116 views

Testing and Commissioning Basic

This document provides guidance for engineers entering the field of electrical testing and commissioning. It outlines key information they should know, including common testing equipment, components tested, principles of testing, and important formulas. Engineers are advised to understand voltage, current, resistance, and other electrical concepts. They should also be able to explain testing methods, define relay types, and write clear notes including equipment details. The goal is to help new engineers understand what is expected in their work.

Uploaded by

Rocky Meet
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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என மான க ஆ டா ெசா க ஙக

அவ க சம பண .

Electrical testing and commissioning notes about

Protection and mindset of the people.


I am writing these notes to help the people of electrical testing
and commissioning. These notes will give a rough idea about

What is happening.

Many engineers will come and join in testing and commissioning


of companies. But many of them doesn't have any idea what is
happening inside the company. I can see they didn't have any

Idea about the present and what to do in future. Thatswhy I am

Writing these notes to help them.

Basically if you enter into a testing and commissioning agency

They will give 10 to 15 multiple choice questions and if you


answer it correctly there will be 3 years bond in which if you

Break the bond you need to pay a huge sum of amount around

90000. And if you ask somebody what is happening they will

Be silent and you will get fixed with minimum salary package.

Actually what is happening at testing and commissioning agency


means they will show their hands ask your senior and learn. But
the senior also doesn't have enough knowledge to explain clearly

What is happening.
Actually what is happening?

Normally in testing and commissioning companies there are two


types of jobs are taken one is lumpsum basis and another one is
day basis. In lumpsum basis the quotation should be quoted as

Charge per equipment. In daily basis the quotation is as pay per


day (hiring charges) apart from these there is equipment rental
charges such as primary injection equipments and secondary
injection equipments used in testing the relays and protection

Components.

Actually most of the works are in substation. Because the


electrical equipments are in substation only. Normally it is

Classified as air insulated substation and gas insulated


substation.

First of all every engineer should note there handwriting should

Be clear. The testing equipments they are carrying is in good

Condition. Stationary items such as long size note. Job work


order copy should be carry with them.

The mindset of the employee should be in such a way that he


need to explain the activity to the client before carry out his work.

English knowledge is needed. Maintaining time sheets are very

Much essential. Writing the serial number, model no, location


should be in proper manner.
Normally you need to notice that every engineer must know the basic

Testing instruments working principle such as clamp meter, mini clamp

Meter, IR tester, earth tester, phase sequence indicator etc.,

The SI units also need to known by all the engineers. Volts, amps, frequency

Time (mS micro second etc.,)

Basically in testing agencies they are used to test the Components such
as Primary and secondary.

Primary Components.

1. Current transformers

2. Voltage transformers

3. Power transformers

4. Surge arrestors

5. Isolators

6. Circuit breakers

7. Bushings etc.,

Seconday Components

1. Relays

2. Auxiliary relays

3. Schemes
4. Logics

5. Operational checks etc.,

Training is very essential when you enter into a testing agency. It helps
you to understand what is happening.

First of all you want to know what is voltage, current, resistance,


capacitance, inductance active Components, passive components etc.,

What is the relation between frequency and time. Relationship of


impedance, susceptible, admittance etc., what are the units of active
energy, reactive energy etc., These are very basic things to remember.

For example the formula for single phase active power.

The formula for three phase active energy, reactive energy etc.,

Normally the power system and protection will work on the laws.

Kirchoffs voltage law

Kirchoffs current law

Lenz law

MPTT, kelvin double Bridge etc., need to understand and tell the

Definition.

Just go threw and write the definitions in a simple manner.

Star circuit, delta circuit, transformer emf equations etc., need to


remember. Apart from this the earthing system how to draw (mesh

Earthing) what is touch voltage. What is polar graph need to study.

What is the testing principle behind every testing need to know by every

Engineer.
For example if take resistance formula. V = IR and then R = rhol/A both
the formula need to remember. If you use copper conductor different
formula in case of aluminium conductor it will be different.

If you study about Current transformers there are many types according
to every application. According to construction. So if anybody ask about
what is CT you need to tell minimum five points.

CT will be connected in series in a circuit.

It helps to step down the current from higher value to lower value.

The secondary of CT must be kept always short circuit condition.

CT is mainly classified into measuring type and instrument type.

CT needs single point earthing foe proper operation. Likewise need some
points.

If you take relay just classify I to three types

Electromechanical type

Static type

Numerical type.

In electromechanical type in older days it is used. Now due to evolution


numerical relays are used widely. This is just an introduction. New
engineers need to write the name plate details of the equipments. In order
to remember. Some protection calculations need to remember.

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