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Net Admin » How to Configure Cisco Switch: A Step-by-Step Guide with Commands
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Configuring providers
a Cisco switch properly means your network can make connections efficiently. In this step-
eviews
by-step guide, we walk you through configuring Cisco switches and look at some FAQs.
TIM KEARY
- NETWORK ADMINISTRATION EXPERT
UPDATED: April 21, 2022
WHAT'S IN THIS ARTICLE?
Getting Started with Cisco Switch
Commands
1. Connect the Switch to PuTTY
2. Enter Privileged EXEC Mode and Set a
Hostname for the Switch
3. Assign a Password to the Switch
4. Configure Telnet and Console Access
Passwords
5. Configure IP Addresses With Telnet
Access
6. Configure a Network Management IP
address (or Management Interface)
7. Assign a Default Gateway to the Switch
When we think of connectivity in a network, the router is probably the first device that comes
8. Disable Unused Open Ports
to mind, but switches play a vital role in enabling network devices to communicate.
9. Save Your System Configuration Settings
“
Switches can take incoming/outgoing traffic and pass it onward toward its 10. Configure NetFlow to Manage Your
Cisco Switch (Optional)
final destination. Cisco is one of the most well-known switch vendors on the
Configure a Cisco Switch for Peace of
market and in this article, we’re going to look at how to configure Cisco Mind!
switches with PuTTY and from the command-line. Cisco Switch Configuration & Commands
FAQs
Getting Started with Cisco Switch Commands
Before we begin, get to know what hardware you’re using, fire up your CLI and
download PuTTY.
The first step is to check what hardware you’re using before you begin. If you’re using a
Cisco switch you need to know what model you have. You also want to check the physical
state of the device and verify that none of the cables are damaged. You can turn the router
on to make sure there is no damage to the lighting/indicators.
Now that you’ve made sure the device is in working order you’re ready to start configuring. In
this guide, we’re going to perform a Cisco switch configuration through the command-
line interface (CLI) with the open-source SSH/Telnet client PuTTY (although you can use
another tool if you prefer). If for any reason putty is not an option for your setup, you can get
similar results with a PuTTY alternative.
1. Connect the Switch to PuTTY
To start configuration, you want to connect the switch console to PuTTY. You can do this by
doing the following:
1. Connect the switch to PuTTY with a 9-pin serial cable.
2. Now open PuTTY and the PuTTY Configuration window will display. Go to the
Connection type settings and check the Serial option (shown below).
3. Go to the Category list section on the left-hand side and select the Serial option.
4. When the options controlling local serial lines page displays enter the COM port your
network is connected to in the Serial line to connect to box e.g. COM1.
5. Next, enter the digital transmission speed of your switch model. For 300 and 500 Series
Managed Switches, this is 115200.
6. Go to the Data bits field and enter 8.
7. Now go to the Stops bits field and enter 1.
8. Click on the Parity drop-down menu and select the None option.
9. Go to the Flow Control drop-down menu and select the None option.
Save Your Settings and Start the PuTTY CLI
To save your PuTTY settings for your next session do the following:
1. Click on the Session option from the Category list on the left-hand side of the page.
2. Go to the Saved Session field and enter a name for your settings e.g. Comparitech.
3. Click the Save button to store the settings.
4. Press the Open button at the bottom of the page to launch the CLI.
The following message will display in the command prompt:
Switch>
2. Enter Privileged EXEC Mode and Set a Hostname for the Switch
Type in the enable command to enter privileged EXEC mode (you don’t need a password at
this stage because you’re under the default configurations which don’t have one!):
Enable
Next, enter Global Configuration Mode and enter the following command:
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)#
You can make the switch easier to locate in the network by assigning a hostname. Enter the
following command to assign a hostname:
Switch(config)# hostname access-switch1
access-switch1(config)#1
3. Assign a Password to the Switch
Once you’ve assigned a hostname you will want to create a password to control who has
access to the privileged EXEC mode (to prevent everyone from being able to log in). To
assign an administrator password to enter the following command:
access-switch1(config)# enable secret COMPARI7ECH
Remember to pick a strong password so that it’s harder to figure out.
4. Configure Telnet and Console Access Passwords
The next step is to configure passwords for Telnet and console access. Configuring
passwords for these is important because it makes your switch more secure. If someone
without authorization gains telnet access then it puts your network at serious risk. You can
configure passwords by entering the following lines (See the top paragraph for Telnet and
the bottom paragraph for Console access).
Telnet
access-switch1(config)# line vty 0 15
access-switch1(config-line)# password COMPARI7ECH
access-switch1(config-line)# login
access-switch1(config-line)# exit
access-switch1(config)#
Console
access-switch1(config)# line console 0
access-switch1(config-line)# password COMPARI7ECH
access-switch1(config-line)# login
access-switch1(config-line)# exit
access-switch1(config)#
5. Configure IP Addresses With Telnet Access
The next step is to decide which IP addresses will have access to Telnet, and add them with
the PuTTY CLI. To select permitted IP’s enter the following command (replace the listed IPs
with the IPs of the components you want to grant permission to):
access-switch1(config)# ip access-list standard TELNET-ACCESS
access-switch1(config-std-nacl)# permit 216.174.200.21
access-switch1(config-std-nacl)# permit 216.174.200.21
access-switch1(config-std-nacl)# exit
You can also configure your network’s access control lists (ACLs) to virtual terminal (VTY)
lines. ACLs ensure that only the administrator can connect to the router through Telnet.
access-switch1(config)# line vty 0 15
access-switch1(config-line)# access-class TELNET-ACCESS in
access-switch1(config-line)# exit
access-switch1(config)#
6. Configure a Network Management IP address (or Management
Interface)
Next, you need to configure a network management IP address. Switches don’t come with
an IP address by default, meaning that you can’t connect to it with Telnet or SSH. To solve
this problem you can select a virtual LAN(VLAN) on the switch and create a virtual interface
with an IP address. You can do this by entering the following command:
access-switch1(config)# interface vlan 1
access-switch1(config-if)# ip address 10.1.1.200 255.255.255.0
access-switch1(config-if)# exit
access-switch1(config)#
The new IP management address is located in VLAN1, which other computers will now use
to connect.
7. Assign a Default Gateway to the Switch
At this stage, you want to assign a default gateway to the switch. The default gateway is
essentially the address of the router that the switch will be communicating with. If you don’t
configure a default gateway then VLAN1 will be unable to send traffic to another network. To
assign the default gateway, enter the command below (change the IP address to that of your
router).
access-switch1(config)# ip default-gateway 10.1.1.254
8. Disable Unused Open Ports
As a best practice, it is a good idea to disable any unused open ports on the switch. Cyber-
criminals often use unsecured ports as a way to breach a network. Closing these ports down
reduces the number of entry points into your network and makes your switch more secure.
Enter the range of ports you want to close by entering the following command (you would
change 0/25-48 to the ports that you want to close):
access-switch1(config)# interface range fe 0/25-48
access-switch1(config-if-range)# shutdown
access-switch1(config-if-range)# exit
access-switch1(config)#
9. Save Your System Configuration Settings
Once you’ve finished configuring the router it’s time to save your system configuration.
Saving the configuration will make sure that your settings are the same when you open up
your next session. To save enter the following command:
access-switch1(config)# exit
access-switch1# wr
Always remember to save any changes to your settings before closing the CLI.
10. Configure NetFlow to Manage Your Cisco Switch (Optional)
It is also a good idea to use a network traffic analyzer to monitor network traffic. As a Cisco
device, your switch will have the communication protocol NetFlow. However, it must be
configured first. You can configure NetFlow by completing the four steps below. Before we
begin, enter Global Configuration Mode by executing the following command:
Switch# configure terminal
Create a flow record
1. The first step is to create a flow record (you can change the name). You can do this by
entering the following command:
#flow record Comparitechrecord
2. After you’ve entered the previous command you need to set the IPv4 source address,
IPv4 destination address, iPv4 protocol, transport source-port, transport destination-
port, IPv4 dos, interface input, and interface output. You can do this by entering the
following command:
Switch# match ipv4 source address
Switch# match ipv4 destination address
Switch# match ipv4 protocol
Switch# match transport source-port
Switch# match transport destination-port
Switch# match ipv4 tos
Switch# match interface input
Switch# collect interface output
3. To finish configuring the flow record and define the type of data you’re going to collect,
enter the following switch configuration commands:
Switch# collect interface output
Switch# collect counter bytes
Switch# collect counter packets
Switch# collect timestamp sys-uptime first
Switch# collect timestamp sys-uptime last
Create the Flow Exporter
1. You must now create the flow exporter to store the information that you want to export to
an external network analyzer. The first step is to name the flow exporter:
Switch# flow exporter Comparitechexport
2. Enter the IP address of the server your network analyzer is on (Change the IP address):
Switch# destination 117.156.45.241
3. Configure the interface that you want to export packets with:
Switch# destination source gigabitEthernet 0/1
4. Configure the port that the software agent will use to listen for network packets:
Switch# transport UDP 2055
5. Set the type of protocol data that you’re going to export by entering this command:
Switch# export-protocol netflow-v9
6. To make sure there are no gaps in when flow data is sent enter the following command:
Switch# template data timeout 60
Create a Flow Monitor
1. Once you’ve configured the flow exporter it is time to create the flow monitor. Create the
flow monitor with the following command:<
Switch# flow monitor Comparitechmonitor
2. Associate the flow monitor with the flow record and exporter we configured earlier:
Switch# record Comparitechrecord
Switch# exporter Comparitechexport
3. To make sure that flow information is collected and normalized without a delay, enter the
following command:
Switch# cache timeout active 60
Switch# cache timeout inactive 15
4. Enter the exit command:
Switch# exit
5. You need to input the interfaces that will collect the NetFlow data. If this is an ethernet
interface you would enter the following:
Switch# interface gigabitEthernet 0/1
6. Use the following command to configure NetFlow on multiple interfaces (the input
command will still collect data in both directions):
Switch# ip flow monitor Comparitechmonitor input
7. If you want to collect NetFlow data on only one interface then you must use the input
and output command. So you would enter the following:
Switch# ip flow monitor Comparitechmonitor input
Switch# ip flow monitor Comparitechmonitor output
8. Exit configuration mode by entering the following command:
Switch# exit
9. Save your settings to finish.
Configure a Cisco Switch for Peace of Mind!
Completing simple tasks like configuring passwords and creating network access lists
controls who can access the switch can enable you to stay secure online. Incomplete or
incorrect configurations are a vulnerability that attackers can exploit.
Configuring a Cisco switch is only half the battle, you also have to regularly monitor its
status. Any performance issues with your switch can have a substantial impact on your
users.
Using a network monitoring tool and network analyzer can help you to monitor switches
remotely and review performance concerns. Taking the time out of your day to configure a
switch and assign strong passwords gives you peace of mind so that you can communicate
safely online.
Cisco Switch Configuration & Commands FAQs
How to configure a trunk port on a Cisco 2960 switch?
To configure a trunk port on a Cisco 2960 switch:
1. Enter configuration mode:
configure terminal
2. Specify the port to use:
interface <interface-id>
3. Configure the port as a Layer 2 trunk:
switchport mode {dynamic {auto | desirable} | trunk}
These options mean:
dynamic auto – The Default. Creates a trunk link if the neighboring interface is set to
trunk or desirable mode.
dynamic desirable – Creates a trunk link if the neighboring interface is set to trunk,
desirable, or auto mode.
trunk – Sets the interface in permanent trunking mode.
4. Specify a default VLAN to use for back up. This is optional:
switchport access vlan <vlan-id>
5. Specify the native VLAN:
switchport trunk native vlan <vlan-id>
6. Exit the config mode:
end
How do I set a static IP on a Cisco switch?
A problem with the GUI interface of Cisco switches makes it impossible to assign a static IP
address to an interface. Follow these steps for a workaround:
1. Create a text file on your PC. It doesn’t matter where you save it or what you call it, but
make sure you remember where it is. Substitute real values for the tokens shown in
angle brackets (<>) below. The text in the file should be:
Config t
Interface <VLAN ID>
No ip address DHCP
No ip address <old IP address>
IP address <new IP address> <subnet mask>
Exit
IP default-gateway <gateway IP address>
2. Access the admin menu of the switch for Switch Management.
3. In the menu, click on Administration, then File Management, and then select File
Operations.
4. In the File Operations screen, set the following:
Operation Type: Update File
Destination File Type: Running Configuration
Copy Method: HTTP/HTTPS
File Name: (Browse to select the file you created on your PC).
5. Click on Apply.
These steps will create a static IP address, which you can check by going from the main
menu to IP Configuration > IPv4 Interface.
Do I have to configure a Cisco switch before it gets to work?
No. The typical Cisco switch is ready to go out-of-the-box. However, you might want to
change some parameters to customize its operations.
15 Comments Leave a comment
sellas
April 16, 2022 at 7:37 am
Great!
simplified, simple language, straight to point notes
Reply
Glenn M Bera
February 22, 2022 at 12:07 am
the information is very helpful
Reply
jamaal
February 13, 2022 at 5:34 am
best explanation and easy to understand thank Eng
Reply
Ash
January 6, 2022 at 2:59 pm
Very concise and useful, thanks.
Reply
Abdifatah Abdullahi Somali
December 26, 2021 at 6:44 am
Thank’s Dear Prother Very Clear Switch Coding
Reply
Vel
December 17, 2021 at 3:47 am
Thanks brother. Its clear explanation
Reply
Mowla
October 14, 2021 at 8:56 pm
Thnaks 🙏
Reply
Soliyana
October 1, 2021 at 7:14 am
Thankyou …its so clear.
Reply
Irshad
March 26, 2020 at 5:31 am
Well explanation brother,
Very clear and powerful
Thanks
Reply
Terra Ngoyi
March 3, 2020 at 6:38 am
Very informative and thorough explanation. Thanks
Reply
miguel
January 6, 2020 at 11:45 am
many thanks.
Reply
Marcio
December 3, 2019 at 12:10 pm
Very clear and helpful. Thank you.
Reply
Nanang Taten
October 12, 2019 at 1:45 am
Hi,
I have different field in IT and willing to learn Networking. I see that this tutorial help me alot.
Thank very much.
Reply
Julio Francisco
July 26, 2019 at 1:51 pm
Its good explanation thank you.
Reply
Paolo
July 23, 2019 at 9:58 am
Do you have a printable format?
Reply
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