Engineering Materials – II Exit Exam

Prepared By: Wondimu Dessalegn

1. In practice of iron-carbide phase diagram, all steels and cast irons have carbon contents of
A. More than 6.7 wt % of carbon
B. Between 2.14 and 6.7 wt % of carbon
C. Less than 6.7 wt % of carbon
D. 6.7 wt % of carbon
2. Which of the following phase of Iron - Carbon (Iron - Iron Carbide) is relatively soft and
has magnetic property at temperatures below 768℃ .
A. Austenite B. Gamma Iron C. Ferrite D. Cementite E. None
3. _________________ is formed when austenitized Iron – Carbon alloys are rapidly cooled
(or quenched) to room temperature.
A. Pearlite B. Bainite C. Spheroidite D. Martensite
4. Which of the following minerals is not the primary source of Iron ore mineral.
A. Hematite B. Siderite C. Dolomite D. Magnetite E. None
5. Which of the following is not a Ferrous alloy?
A. Alloy Steel B. Malleable Cast Iron C. High Carbon Steel D. Stainless steel
E. None
6. Steel is harder than pure Iron because of
A. Pure iron contains impurities such as Carbon
B. Steel does not contain any impurities
C. Steel contains impurities such as Carbon of 0.002% C to 2.1% C in its composition
D. None
7. Why furious alloys used in widespread several applications specially in engineering
construction materials?
A. The abundant existence of iron containing ores in earth crust
B. Steels and irons are produced using relatively economical extraction, refining,
alloying, and fabrication techniques
C. They are extremely versatile, tailored to have a wide range of mechanical and
physical properties
D. All
E. None

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8. Of the following types of cast iron produced by adding small amount of magnesium and/or
cerium to the gray cast iron before casting in which the graphite is formed as nodules or
sphere like particles instead of flakes.
A. Gray cast iron
B. Ductile cast iron
C. White cast iron
D. Malleable cast iron
9. The ____________________ of Cast Iron is much greater than the _____________.
A. Compressive strength / Tensile strength
B. Tensile strength / Compressive strength
C. Fracture strength / Tensile strength
D. Compressive strength / Fracture strength
10. A Furnace used for manufacturing of Iron from Iron ore.
A. Open-Hearth Furnace
B. Blast Furnace
C. Basic Oxygen Furnace
D. Electric-Arc Furnace
E. Cupola Furnace
11. In application of mechanical parts, cast iron is not used for making bolts and machine
parts because of
A. Cast iron is a ductile material and therefore, it cannot be used in those parts of
machines which are subjected to tension and shocks.
B. Cast iron has high tensile strength than compressive strength
C. Cast iron is a brittle material and therefore, it cannot be used in those parts of
machines which are subjected to tension and shocks.
D. Cast iron has same tensile and compressive strength
12. Which of the following alloying elements of Cast Iron that reduces the melting point of
an Iron.
A. Silicon B. Manganese C. Chromium D. Carbon E.
Phosphorus
13. Which one of the following is not the purpose of alloying of steel with another alloying
element?
A. To improve the mechanical properties such as strength, hardness and toughness
B. To improve electrical and magnetic properties
 C. To increase wearing resistance
D. To improve the ability to retain shape at high temperature

E. None
14. The process by which Iron is extracted from Iron ore in an equipment of the blast furnace
is called _________________.
A. Vitrification Process
B. Smelting Process
C. Bessemer Process
D. Cementation Process
15. The development of microstructure in Iron – Carbon alloys depends on
_______________ and _________________________.
A. Carbon content / Alloy elements
B. Alloy elements / Heat treatment
C. Carbon content / Heat treatment
D. Iron content / Carbon content
16. A Nickel Steel alloy containing 36% of Nickel is called Invar. This has nearly zero
coefficient of expansion. Why it is utilized for making measuring instruments.
A. Because of the accuracy of the measuring device made from the material
B. The measuring device couldn’t expand with extreme temperature since it sustained
the condition.
C. The nickel steel alloy used for making measuring device
D. None
17. Which of the following statement is correct about ceramic material?
A. Materials made from giant (or macromolecular), chain-like molecules built by joining
of many mers or units by chemical bonds.
B. An inorganic material with a high melting temperature. Usually hard and brittle
C. Materials consisting of two or more distinct phases whose combination results in
properties that differ from those of its constituents.
D. An inorganic material with a low melting temperature. Usually soft and ductile.
18. Which of the following is odd about ceramic material?
A. Alumina B. Diamond C. Aluminium D. Silicon Carbide E. Zirconia
19. The class of ceramic material that have property of withstanding high temperatures
without melting or decomposing and the capacity to remain unreactive and inert when
exposed to severe environments, also utilized in furnace lining, is
A. Glasses B. Cements C. Refractories D. Clay Products E. Carbon
20. Which of the following fabrication technique of clay products used for producing the cup
of tea.
A. Hydroplastic Forming
B. Slip Casting
C. Powder Pressing
D. Tape Casting
21. What of the following is not the typical characteristics of ceramic materials.
A. Stronger in tension than compression
B. Brittle material
C. Poor electrical and thermal conduction
D. Low toughness
22. The process of transformation of glasses from a noncrystalline state into crystalline state
by the proper high-temperature heat treatment is known as
A. Cementation
B. Sintering
C. Vitrification
D. Crystallization
23. From the following techniques of fabrication of glass ceramics used for production of
glass jars, bottles, and light bulbs.
A. Blowing B. Pressing C. Drawing D. Sheet Forming
24. The type of ceramic material that is utilized for wear, grind, or cut away other material is
A. Cements B. Glasses C. Abrasives D. Refractories
25. A process of producing cements by grinding and intimately mixing clay and lime-bearing
minerals in the proper proportions and then heating the mixture to about 1400°C in a
rotary kiln is called
A. Cementation B. Crystallization C. Devitrification D. Calcination
Process
26. The reason of annealing and/or tempering after fabrication of glasses is
A. To induce internal thermal stress
B. To improve the surface finishing of the product
 C. To improve mechanical characteristics
D. To induce thermal residual stress
27. Abrasive ceramics are occurred naturally and manufactured. Which of the following
ceramic is occurred in both category?
A. Diamond B. Garnet C. Sand D. Boron Carbide
28. The hardness of ceramic materials is difficult to measure
A. Because of their ductileness and susceptibility to plastic deformation when indented.
B. Because of their brittleness and susceptibility to cracking when indented.
C. Because of their brittleness and susceptibility to plastic deformation when indented.
D. Because of their ductileness and susceptibility to cracking when indented.
29. Which of the following statement is not correct about polymer material?
A. Polymers are made from large macromolecules produced by the joining of smaller
molecules, called monomers.
B. Polymer is a molecule from which a monomer produced
C. Materials made from giant (or macromolecular), chain-like molecules built by joining
of many mers or units by chemical bonds.
D. Polymers are long chain organic molecules assembled from many smaller molecules
called monomers.
30. Which of the following statement is not a polymer material?
A. Wood B. Leather C. Silk D. Rubber E. Silver
31. Which of the following is true about the property of polymer compare with those of
metal?
A. High in electrical and thermal conductivity compared
B. Lower temperature resistance
C. Higher density
D. Higher in strength
32. Thermoplastic polymers are
A. Polymers in which their structures are crosslinked and network.
B. Polymers once they have hardened, they will not soften upon heating.
C. Polymers they soften when heated and harden when cooled.
D. They have linear and branched structures; once they have hardened, they will not
soften upon heating.
33. A polymer that can be recycled and reshaped.
A. Phenolics B. Polyester Resins C. Polyethylene D. Epoxies
34. The mechanical characteristics of polymers are highly sensitive to the rate temperature, so
that the rising of temperature produces
A. An increase in elastic modulus
B. A reduction in tensile strength
C. An enhancement of brittleness
D. The polymer will brittle rather than ductileness
35. Which of the following is not used as the raw material for deriving the synthetic
polymers?
A. Natural Gas B. Petroleum C. Coal D. PVC
36. The process of synthesizing polymer by linking monomers together to generate long
chains composed of repeat unit is
A. Vulcanization B. Vitrification C. Polymerization D. Polymer
Processing
37. A polymer additive that added to improve tensile and compressive strength, abrasion
resistance, toughness, dimensional and thermal stability of a polymer is.
A. Stabilizers B. Colorants C. Fillers D. Flame Retardants E.
Plasticizers
38. A fabrication technique of plastics that suitable for manufacturing bottle like shape is
A. Blow Molding
B. Injection Molding
C. Transfer Moulding
D. Calendering
39. Which of the following statement is correct about composite materials?
A. A material composed of one materials or phases joined or connected in such a way so
as to give a property of a single material.
B. A material composed of two or more materials or phases joined or connected in such
a way so as to give a property of a single material.
C. A material composed of two or more chemically distinct materials are combined;
which have improved properties over the individual materials.
D. Composites are artificially produced single phase materials.
40. The essence of a composite material is to
A. Take two or more very different materials and put them together to form a product
with some properties lower than those of the original materials.
 B. Take two or more very different materials and put them together to form a product
with some properties greater than those of the original materials.
C. Take a single material to form a product with some properties greater than those of
the original materials.
D. Take two or more very different materials and put them together to form a product
with some properties same with that of original materials.
41. Which of the following is not the function of matrix phase in composite materials?
A. It binds the fibers together and transmits an externally applied load to the fibers.
B. It protects the individual fibers from surface damage.
C. It reduces the impact and fracture resistance of a component.
D. It prevents the propagation of cracks from fiber to fiber.
42. Which of the following is not characteristic properties of composite materials?
A. High strength to weight ratio
B. High stiffness to weight ratio
C. Good fatigue properties and toughness
D. Isotropic properties in many cases
43. Which of the following is not the common forms of the reinforcing phase in composite
materials?
A. Fibers B. Coolants C. Flakes D. Particles
44. Which one of the following is not related to the factor that determine the property of a
composite materials?
A. The component materials
B. The geometric shapes of the reinforcing phase
C. The machining processes
D. The interaction of the reinforcing and matrix phases
45. What makes the hybrid composites differ from other type of composite materials.
A. It contains two or more different kinds of fibers in a single matrix
B. It contains two or more different kind of matrix phases in a single fiber
C. It contains a single fiber in a single matrix
D. It contains polymer as a matrix phase
46. Which one of the following is an example of a laminar composite material?
A. Sheet metal B. Crank shaft C. Automotive tyre D. Glass
47. Which one of the following is correct about quenching media in order of the cooling rate
from fastest to slowest?
 A. Air > Brine > Water > Oil
B. Water > Brine > Oil > Air
C. Brine > Water > Oil > Air
D. Brine > Water > Oil > Air
48. Hardening is done
A. To increase the strength and wear properties
B. To decrease tensile strength as well as to decrease hardness.
C. To decrease the strength and wear properties
D. To increase tensile strength as well as to decrease hardness
49. Which one of the following heat treatment is applied after the material hardened in order
to equalize hardness and toughness in structure?
A. Normalizing
B. Annealing
C. Tempering
D. Hardening
50. __________________ is the process of surface hardening of metal, often a low carbon
steel, by infusing elements into the material's surface, forming a thin layer of a harder
alloy.
A. Surface hardening
B. Case hardening
C. Induction hardening
D. Flame hardening
 Answer Key
1. C 16. B 31. B
2. C 17. B 32. C
3. D 18. C 33. C
4. C 19. C 34. B
5. E 20. B 35. D
6. C 21. A 36. C
7. D 22. D 37. C
8. C 23. A 38. A
9. A 24. C 39. C
10. B 25. D 40. B
11. C 26. C 41. C
12. D 27. A 42. D
13. E 28. B 43. B
14. B 29. B 44. C
15. C 30. E 45. A
46. C 48. A 50. B
47. D 49. C