Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
SOCCSKSARGEN REGION
School Tacurong NHS Grade Level 10
Learning
Teacher Garren Jude V. Aquino Science
Area
DETAILED LESSON PLAN
Teaching
Date and Q3/Week 4 (9:00-10:00AM) Quarter Third
Time
I. OBJECTIVES
The learners demonstrate an understanding of:
1. The information stored in DNA as being used to make proteins;
A. Content Standards
2. How changes in a DNA molecule may cause changes in its product; and
3. Mutations that occur in sex cells as being heritable.
B. Performance Standards
C. Essential Learning Explain how protein is made information from DNA.
Competency S10LT-l1ld-37
OBJECTIVES:
K: Define translation;
D. Objectives
U: Analyze the processes during translation; and
D: Demonstrate how to identify amino acid using a genetic code table.
II. CONTENT
A. Topic TRANSLATION
Proteins such as enzymes are mostly amino acids chained together in a certain order.
Each group of three nucleotide bases represents a codon in a DNA or mRNA that
corresponds to a specific amino acid or a start stop signal. This code is picked up by
B. Key Concepts the mRNA and is delivered from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The codon has its
complement anticodon in tRNA. Each amino acid that will form the protein molecule to
be synthesized is determined by the triplet code or codon on the mRna.

Analyzing, Understanding
C. Pre-requisite Skills
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
Pages
2. Learner’s Materials Science Learner’s Material, pp.275-281
Pages
3. Textbook Pages
4. Additional Materials
from Learning
Resource (LR) Portal
B. Other Learning Quarter 3 Week 4; LAS 9
Resources
Translation:
1. Websites
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/translation-dna-to-mrna-to-protein-393/
2. Books/Journals
C. Materials Laptop, Cellular Phone
Preliminaries: Prayer, checking of attendance, setting of standards, and review of the
IV. PROCEDURES
past lesson.
Activity: Let’s replicate!
a. Replicate the given sequence below.
CGATGACGT
ELICIT
b. Transcribe the replicated DNA above.
Note: Take note of the mRna you have transcribed above. It will be used on the next
activities.
ENGAGE Students will present their genetic code table which was their assignment on the
previous discussion.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SOCCSKSARGEN REGION

Guide Questions:
1. What do you see on the Genetic Code Table?
2. How do you think it is used?
3. How many amino acide are there on the table?
4. What is/are the start/stop codon(s)?
The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the "workhorses" of the cell,
carrying out all the functions necessary for life. For example, enzymes, including those
that metabolize nutrients and synthesize new cellular constituents, as well as DNA
polymerases and other enzymes that make copies of DNA during cell division, are all
proteins.
In the simplest sense, expressing a gene means manufacturing its corresponding
EXPLORE protein, and this multilayered process has two major steps. In the first step, the
information in DNA is transferred to a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule by way of a
process called transcription. During transcription, the DNA of a gene serves as a
template for complementary base-pairing, and an enzyme called RNA polymerase II
catalyzes the formation of a pre-mRNA molecule, which is then processed to form
mature mRNA. The resulting mRNA is a single-stranded copy of the gene, which next
must be translated into a protein molecule.
EXPLAIN Translation is the process which determines the order of bases in mRNA of amino
protein. It occurs in a ribosome in the cytoplasm. The following events in translation
can help you understand the process:

Step 1. As translation begins, mRNA binds to ribosome. Then, tRNA molecules, each
carrying a specific amino acid, approach the ribosome. The tRNA anticodon pairs with
the first mRNA (start) codon adenine-uracil-guanine (AUG), to form the initiation
complex. The two molecules temporarily join together.

Step 2. Usually, the first codon on mRNA is AUG, which codes for the amino acid
methionine. AUG signals the start of protein synthesis. Then, the ribosome slides
along the mRNA to the next codon.

Step 3. A new tRNA molecules carrying an amino acid pairs with the second mRNA
codon. Step 4. When the first and second amino acids are in place, an enzyme joins
them by forming a peptide bond between them.

Step 5. As the process continues, a chain of amino acids is formed until the ribosome
reaches a stop codon (e.g. UAA, UAG, UGA) on the mRNA strand. The polypeptide
chain is released. Protein synthesis is complete.
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SOCCSKSARGEN REGION

Activity: Name the amino acids!

EVALUATE

Recitation:
EXTEND
Enumerate the 20 amino acids.

V. REMARKS

VI. REFLECTION
A. Number of learners
who earned 80% in the
evaluation.
B. Number of learners
who require additional
activities for remediation
who scored below 80%.
C. Did the remedial
lessons work? Number of
learners who have caught
up with the lesson.
D. Number of learners
who continue to require
remediation
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
SOCCSKSARGEN REGION
E. Which of my
teaching strategies
worked well? Why did
these work?
F.What difficulties did I
encounter which my
principal or supervisor can
help me solve?
G. What innovation or
localized materials did I
use/discover which I wish
to share with other
teachers?

Prepared by:

GARREN JUDE V. AQUINO

Checked & Observed:

ARMELA S. ALAMON
Cooperating Teacher