"Madame Curie" redirects here. For the 1943 biographical film about her, see Madame Curie (film).

This article is about the chemist and physicist. For the schools named after her, see cole lmentaire Marie-Curie and Marie Curie High School.

Marie Sk odowskaCurie

Born

7 November 1867 Warsaw, Russian held parts of Poland

Died

4 July 1934 (aged 66) Passy, Haute-Savoie, France

Citizenship

Russian, later French

Nationality

Polish

Fields

Physics, chemistry

Institutions

University of Paris

Alma mater

University of Paris ESPCI

Doctoral advisor

Henri Becquerel

Doctoral students

Andr-Louis Debierne scar Moreno Marguerite Catherine Perey

Known for

Radioactivity, polonium, radium

Notable awards

Nobel Prize in Physics (1903) Davy Medal (1903) Matteucci Medal (1904) Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1911)

Spouse

Pierre Curie (1895-1906)

Signature

Notes She is the only person to win a Nobel Prize in two different sciences. She was the wife of Pierre Curie, and the mother ofIrne Joliot-Curie and ve Curie.

Marie Sk odowska Curie (7 November 1867 4 July 1934) was a PolishFrench physicist chemist famous for her pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first person honored with two Nobel Prizes in physics and chemistry. She was the first female professor at the University of Paris. She was the first woman to be entombed on her own merits (in 1995) in the Paris Panthon. She was born Maria Salomea Sk odowska in Warsaw, in Russian Poland, and lived there to age twentyfour. In 1891 she followed her older sister Bronis awa to study in Paris, where she earned her higher degrees and conducted her subsequent scientific work. She shared her Nobel Prize in Physics (1903) with her husband Pierre Curie (and with Henri Becquerel). Her daughter Irne Joliot-Curie and son-inlaw, Frdric Joliot-Curie, would similarly share a Nobel Prize. She was the sole winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, and is the only woman to win in two fields, and the only person to win inmultiple sciences.
[1]

Her achievements include a theory of radioactivity (a term that she coined[2]), techniques for isolating radioactive isotopes, and the discovery of two elements, polonium and radium. Under her direction, the world's first studies were conducted into the treatment ofneoplasms, using radioactive isotopes. She founded the Curie Institutes: the Curie Institute (Paris) and the Curie Institute (Warsaw). While an actively loyal French citizen, Sk odowskaCurie (as she styled herself) never lost her sense of Polish identity. She taught her daughters the Polish language and took them on visits to Poland. She named the first chemical element that she discovered "polonium" (1898) for her native country.[3] During World War I she became a member of the Committee for a Free Poland (Komitet Wolnej Polski).[4] In 1932 she founded a Radium Institute (now the Maria Sk odowskaCurie Institute of Oncology) in her home town,Warsaw, headed by her physician-sister Bronis awa.