Assignment On VOIP
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Rayan KarimAssignment On VOIP
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Rayan KarimVoice over Internet Protocol (VOIP):
Is a general term for a family of transmission technologies for delivery of voice communications over IP networks such as the Internet or other packet-switched networks. Other terms frequently encountered and synonymous with VOIP are IP telephony, Internet telephony, voice over broadband (VoBB), broadband telephony, and broadband phone. Internet telephony refers to communications services voice, facsimile, and/or voicemessaging applications that are transported via the Internet, rather than the public switched telephone network (PSTN). The basic steps involved in originating an Internet telephone call are conversion of the analog voice signal to digital format and compression/translation of the signal into Internet protocol (IP) packets for transmission over the Internet; the process is reversed at the receiving end.[1] VOIP systems employ session control protocols to control the set-up and tear-down of calls as well as audio codecs which encode speech allowing transmission over an IP network as digital audio via an audio stream. Codec use is varied between different implementations of VOIP (and often a range of codecs are used); some implementations rely on narrowband and compressed speech, while others support high fidelity stereo codecs.
VOIP technologies and implementations:
Voice-over-IP has been implemented in various ways using both proprietary and open protocols and standards. Examples of technologies used to implement Voice over Internet Protocol include:H.323
IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) Media Gateway Control Protocol (MGCP)
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP)
The Session Initiation Protocol has gained widespread VOIP market penetration, while H.323 deployments are increasingly limited to carrying existing long-haul network traffic. A notable proprietary implementation is the Skype network. Other examples of specific implementations and a comparison between them are available in Comparison of VOIP software. VoIP (Voice over Internet Protocol) is simply the transmission of voice traffic over IPbased networks. The Internet Protocol (IP) was originally designed for data networking. The success of IP in becoming a world standard for data networking has led to its adaptation to voice networking.
Some background history:
Although VoIP has been creating quite a stir in the press recently, its actually not a new idea at all. VoIP has been around in one form or another since 1973 when it began as an experiment by the US Department of Defense.
How does it work?
Just to confuse people, there are many kinds of VoIP. Using voice chat in MSN , G Talk or Yahoo messenger could be regarded as VoIP, so could the highly publicised Skype; but these are all proprietary systems. To talk to someone using MSN, the person at the other end also needs MSN. The same applies to Yahoo and, to a great extent, to Skype. They use their own special system that isn't open and won't connect to other systems easily.
True VoIP should really be based on the SIP system which is the recognized standard. Any SIP compatible device can talk to any other; you don't even use a PC. Any SIP telephone can call another right over the internet, you don't need any additional equipment or even a phone provider. Just plug your SIP phone into the internet connection, configure it and then dial the other person right over the internet. _In all VoIP systems, your voice is converted into packets of data, like little files, and then transmitted to the recipient over the internet and decoded back into your voice at the other end. To make it quicker, these packets are compressed before transmission, a bit like zipping a file.
Actual Cost of VoIP:
The promise of free international calls whenever you want them probably sounds a little too good to be true there must be a catch, right? Well, yes and no. Provided you only wish to use VoIP to communicate with other VoIP users, everything is very straightforward. If however you want to be able to use VoIP to make and receive calls to and from people who dont have VoIP, youll need to subscribe to a gateway service that provides a bridge between VoIP and the conventional phone networks.
Getting Started with VoIP:
Getting started with VoIP could hardly be simpler. Assuming you already have the two most important ingredients (a Windows or Mac computer and a broadband Internet connection), all you need to get started is the following:
Some free phone or messaging software. A microphone. Headphones or speakers (headphones are best because they wont cause as much feedback).
An alternative to a microphone and headphones is an integrated headset, as this will leave your hands free._When it comes to choosing which software to use, its worth considering whom you plan to call, since most VoIP software is proprietary. Check with any friends or relatives who already use VoIP and see what theyre using. If you plan to use VoIP to call people who use different software, you may need to install more than one program! Examples of VoIP software you might choose to use are MSN Messenger, Yahoo Messenger, SkyPe and ICQ, all of which are available as free downloads. All of these are designed to be beginner-friendly, so follow the installation instructions and youll be ready to go in a matter of minutes.So what's the catch? -Obviously nothing is ever as simple as it sounds. New technologies aren't perfect and pricing often reflects this, if it wasn't cheaper nobody would switch. The main problem with VoIP applications is bandwidth contention. This complicated term isn't as difficult as it sounds. You might have anything from a 512Kb broadband connection to 8Mb and beyond, dial-up isn't suitable for VoIP. It doesn't matter how big this connection is, it can still get busy._VoIP phone call requires at least 100Kb or dedicated bandwidth and without this, you may find your phone calls less than satisfactory. To resolve this problem, there are now ranges of internet routers to use with your existing cable or DSL connection. These are VoIP aware and will dedicate the bandwidth to your phone call when you need it but free up all the bandwidth for other use when you're not on the phone. Some VoIP service providers will supply a compatible router with your connection package, it's essential.
Some Advantages of VoIP:
Some VoIP services offer features and services that are not available with a traditional phone, or are available but only for an additional fee. You may also be able to avoid paying for both a broadband connection and a traditional telephone line.
Some disadvantages of VoIP:
If you're considering replacing your traditional telephone service with VoIP, there are some possible differences:
Some VoIP services don't work during power outages and the service provider may not offer backup power. Not all VoIP services connect directly to emergency services through 9-1-1. For additional information, see VoIP & 911 Advisory. VoIP providers may or may not offer directory assistance/white page listings.
