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Electrical Power System

An electric power system consists of components for generating, transmitting, distributing, and using electric power. Generation occurs at power plants, where electricity is produced from sources like coal or wind. Transmission involves transporting power across long distances at high voltages via transmission lines. Distribution then distributes power to individual customers through local lines at lower voltages. Customers are the end users who consume power for uses like lighting, appliances, and industrial processes.

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Shelyka Alexia Vicente
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202 views

Electrical Power System

An electric power system consists of components for generating, transmitting, distributing, and using electric power. Generation occurs at power plants, where electricity is produced from sources like coal or wind. Transmission involves transporting power across long distances at high voltages via transmission lines. Distribution then distributes power to individual customers through local lines at lower voltages. Customers are the end users who consume power for uses like lighting, appliances, and industrial processes.

Uploaded by

Shelyka Alexia Vicente
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Components of the Electric Power System

An electric power system is a network of electrical components deployed to supply, transfer,


and use electric power.
What is the power system?
Power engineering, also called power systems engineering, is a subfield of electrical
engineering that deals with the generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of electric
power, and the electrical apparatus connected to such systems.

1.Generation Utilities
-Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from sources of primary
energy (power plant) such as the National Power Corporation of the Philippines(NPC),
Iligan Diesel Power Plant, Tiwi Geothermal Plant
Generation voltage is at 4.16kV, 6.6kV, 13.2 kV, 13.8kV, others;

2.Transmission Utilities
-electric power transmission is the bulk movement of electrical energy from a generating site,
such as a power plant, to an electrical substation. The interconnected lines which facilitate this
movement are known as a transmission network.
-The Philippines is divided into three electrical grids, one each for Luzon, the Visayas and
Mindanao all are operated by the National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP).

Grid-refers to the high voltage backbone system of interconnected transmission lines,


substations, and related facilities.
-Transmission voltage is at 230kV or 500kV
-Sub transmission voltage is at 115kV or 69kV

3.Distribution Utilities
-Electric power distribution is the final stage in the delivery of electric power; it carries
electricity from the transmission system to individual consumers. Primary distribution lines
carry this medium voltage power to distribution transformers located near the customer's
premises.
-electric cooperative, private corporation, government-owned utility, or existing local
government unit which has an exclusive franchise to operate a distribution system
- private distribution utilities are Iligan Light and Power Incorporated (ILPI), MORESCO,
LANECO, LASURECO, MERALCO etc.
Distribution voltages in the Philippines
1.Primary Distribution: 13.2-kV, 13.8-kV, 23-kV, or 34.5-kV
2.Secondary Distribution: 220V, 230V, or 240V
Substation
Power transformation at different voltage levels takes place in the substation where a
power transformer and other equipment are located
1. Plant Substation –steps up power from generation voltage to transmission voltage
2. Transmission Substation –steps down power from transmission voltage to subtransmission
voltage.
3. Distribution Substation –steps down power from transmission voltage to primary
distribution voltage

4. End-user of Electricity
A sector requiring the supply and delivery of electricity for its own use
The end -users refer to the consumers of the electricity which include residential, commercial,
industrial, and others.
a. Residential use- electricity is used for energizing appliances, lighting system, ventilation
system, water system etc.
b. Commercial use- biggest single uses of electricity in the commercial sector are lighting and
heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. Electricity demand in the commercial sector tends to
be highest during operating business hours; it decreases substantially on nights and weekends.
Ex. malls, laundry shop, bakeries, restaurants, ports, airports, terminals
c. Industrial Use - predominantly used for production, as well as for lighting and other
business uses in the manufacturing industries.
Ex. Holcim Cement, Granex, Republic Cement, Mabuhay Vinyl Corp.

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