Chapter 1

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

1. The molality of a urea solution in which 0.0100 g The weight which a 75 kg person would gain if all
of urea, [(NH2)2CO] is added to 0.3000 dm 3 of 1H atoms are replaced by 2H atoms is

water at STP is [AIEEE-2011] [JEE (Main)-2017]

(1) 3.33 × 10–2 m (2) 0.555 m (1) 7.5 kg (2) 10 kg

(3) 5.55 × 10–4 m (4) 33.3 m (3) 15 kg (4) 37.5 kg

2. The density of a solution prepared by dissolving 7. The ratio of mass percent of C and H of an organic
120 g of urea (mol. mass = 60 u) in 1000 g of compound (CXHYOZ) is 6 : 1. If one molecule of the
above compound (CXHYOZ) contains half as much
water of 1.15 g/mL. The molarity of this solution is
oxygen as required to burn one molecule of
[AIEEE-2012]
compound CXHY completely to CO2 and H2O. The
(1) 1.78 M (2) 1.02 M empirical formula of compound CXHYOZ is
(3) 2.05 M (4) 0.50 M [JEE (Main)-2018]
3. The molarity of a solution obtained by mixing (1) C3H6O3 (2) C2H4O
750 mL of 0.5 (M) HCl with 250 mL of 2 (M) HCl (3) C3H4O2 (4) C2H4O3
will be [JEE (Main)-2013]
8. A solution of sodium sulfate contains 92 g of Na+
(1) 0.875 M (2) 1.00 M ions per kilogram of water. The molality of Na+ ions
in that solution in mol kg–1 is [JEE (Main)-2019]
(3) 1.75 M (4) 0.975 M
(1) 16 (2) 4
4. At 300 K and 1 atm, 15 mL of a gaseous
hydrocarbon requires 375 mL air containing 20% (3) 8 (4) 12
O 2 by volume for complete combustion. After 9. For the following reaction, the mass of water
combustion the gases occupy 330 mL. Assuming produced from 445 g of C57H110O6 is
that the water formed is in liquid form and the
2C57H110 O6 (s) +163O2 (g)  114CO2 (g) +110H2O(I)
volumes were measured at the same temperature
and pressure, the formula of the hydrocarbon is [JEE (Main)-2019]
[JEE (Main)-2016] (1) 890 g (2) 490 g
(1) C3H8 (2) C4H8 (3) 445 g (4) 495 g
(3) C4H10 (4) C3H6 10. The amount of sugar (C 12 H 22O 11) required to
5. 1 gram of a carbonate (M2CO3) on treatment with prepare 2 L of its 0.1 M aqueous solution is
excess HCl produces 0.01186 mole of CO2. The [JEE (Main)-2019]
molar mass of M2CO3 in g mol–1 is (1) 136.8 g (2) 17.1 g
[JEE (Main)-2017]
(3) 34.2 g (4) 68.4 g
(1) 118.6 (2) 11.86
11. 8 g of NaOH is dissolved in 18 g of H2O. Mole
(3) 1186 (4) 84.3 fraction of NaOH in solution and molality
(in mol kg–1) of the solution respectively are
6. The most abundant elements by mass in the body
of a healthy human adult are : [JEE (Main)-2019]
Oxygen (61.4%); Carbon (22.9%); Hydrogen (1) 0.2, 22.20 (2) 0.167, 22.20
(10.0%) and Nitrogen (2.6%). (3) 0.167, 11.11 (4) 0.2, 11.11
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12. The percentage composition of carbon by mole in 18. 25 g of an unknown hydrocarbon upon burning
methane is [JEE (Main)-2019] produces 88 g of CO 2 and 9 g of H 2O. This
(1) 80% unknown hydrocarbon contains
(2) 75% [JEE (Main)-2019]
(3) 20% (1) 22 g of carbon and 3 g of hydrogen
(4) 25% (2) 24 g of carbon and 1 g of hydrogen
13. For a reaction, N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ® 2NH3 (g).
(3) 20 g of carbon and 5 g of hydrogen
Identify dihydrogen (H2) as a limiting reagent in the
(4) 18 g of carbon and 7 g of hydrogen
following reaction mixtures. [JEE (Main)-2019]
(1) 35 g of N2 + 8 g of H2 19. Amongst the following statements, that which was
not proposed by Dalton was [JEE (Main)-2020]
(2) 28 g of N2 + 6 g of H2
(3) 56 g of N2 + 10 g of H2 (1) All the atoms of a given element have identical
properties including identical mass. Atoms of
(4) 14 g of N2 + 4 g of H2
different elements differ in mass
14. What would be the molality of 20% (mass/mass)
aqueous solution of KI? (molar mass of (2) Matter consists of indivisible atoms.
KI = 166 g mol–1) [JEE (Main)-2019] (3) Chemical reactions involve reorganization of
(1) 1.48 atoms. These are neither created nor
(2) 1.51 destroyed in a chemical reaction.

(3) 1.08 (4) When gases combine or reproduced in a

chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio
(4) 1.35
by volume provided all gases are at the same
15. The minimum amount of O2(g) consumed per gram T & P.
of reactant is for the reaction:
20. The ammonia (NH 3) released on quantitative
(Given atomic mass : Fe = 56, O = 16, Mg = 24,
reaction of 0.6 g urea (NH2CONH2) with sodium
P = 31, C = 12, H = 1) [JEE (Main)-2019]
hydroxide (NaOH) can be neutralized by
(1) 2Mg(s) + O2(g)  2MgO(s)
[JEE (Main)-2020]
(2) 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g)  2Fe2O3(s)
(3) C3H8(g) + 5O2(g)  3CO2(g) + 4H2O(I) (1) 200 ml of 0.4 N HCl

(4) P4(s) + 5O2(g)  P4O10(s) (2) 100 ml of 0.1 N HCl

16. The mole fraction of a solvent in aqueous solution (3) 200 ml of 0.2 N HCl
of a solute is 0.8. The molality (in mol kg–1) of the
(4) 100 ml of 0.2 N HCl
aqueous solution is [JEE (Main)-2019]
(1) 13.88 × 10–2 21. The strength of an aqueous NaOH solution is most
accurately determined by titrating
(2) 13.88 × 10–3
(Note : consider that an appropriate indicator is
(3) 13.88
used) [JEE (Main)-2020]
(4) 13.88 × 10–1
(1) Aq. NaOH in a pipette and aqueous oxalic acid
17. 5 moles of AB2 weigh 125 × 10–3 kg and 10 moles
in a burette
of A2B2 weigh 300 × 10–3 kg. The molar mass
of A(MA) and molar mass of B(MB) in kg mol–1 (2) Aq. NaOH in a burette and aqueous oxalic acid
are [JEE (Main)-2019] in a conical flask
(1) MA = 25 × 10–3 and MB = 50 × 10–3 (3) Aq. NaOH in a burette and concentrated H2SO4
(2) MA = 50 × 10–3 and MB = 25 × 10–3 in a conical flask
(3) MA = 5 × 10–3 and MB = 10 × 10–3 (4) Aq. NaOH in a volumetric flask and
(4) MA = 10 × 10–3 and MB = 5 × 10–3 concentrated H2SO4 in a conical flask

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22. A solution of two components containing 28. The mole fraction of glucose (C 6H 12O 6) in an
n1 moles of the 1st component and n2 moles of the aqueous binary solution is 0.1. The mass
2nd component is prepared. M1 and M2 are the percentage of water in it, to the nearest integer, is
molecular weights of component 1 and 2 ________ [JEE (Main)-2020]
respectively. If d is the density of the solution in g 29. 6.023 × 1022 molecules are present in 10 g of a
mL–1, C2 is the molarity and x2 is the mole fraction substance ‘x’. The molarity of a solution containing
of the 2nd component, then C2 can be expressed 5 g of substance ‘x’ in 2 L solution is ______
as [JEE (Main)-2020] × 10–3. [JEE (Main)-2020]
30. The volume (in mL) of 0.1 N NaOH required to
1000 x 2 neutralise 10 mL of 0.1 N phosphinic acid
(1) C 2 =
M1 + x 2 (M2 -M1 ) is ______. [JEE (Main)-2020]
31. The mass of ammonia in grams produced when 2.8
1000 d x 2 kg of dinitrogen quantitatively reacts with 1 kg of
(2) C 2 = M + x (M -M ) dihydrogen is _______. [JEE (Main)-2020]
1 2 2 1

32. A 100 mL solution was made by adding 1.43 g of

d x2 Na2CO3xH2O. The normality of the solution is 0.1
(3) C2 = M + x (M -M ) N. The value of x is _____. [JEE (Main)-2020]
2 2 2 1
(The atomic mass of Na is 23 g/mol)
d x1 33. The minimum number of moles of O2 required for
(4) C2 = M + x (M -M )
2 2 2 1 complete combustion of 1 mole of propane and 2
moles of butane is _______. [JEE (Main)-2020]
23. The average molar mass of chlorine is
34. 4.5 g of compound A (MW = 90) was used to make
35.5 g mol–1. The ratio of 35Cl to 37Cl in naturally
250 mL of its aqueous solution. The molarity of the
occurring chlorine is close to [JEE (Main)-2020]
solution in M is x × 10–1. The value of x is _____.
(1) 1 : 1 (2) 2 : 1 (Rounded off to the nearest integer)
(3) 3 : 1 (4) 4 : 1 [JEE (Main)-2021]
24. Ferrous sulphate heptahydrate is used to fortify 35. 1.86 g of aniline completely reacts to form
foods with iron. The amount (in grams) of the salt acetanilide. 10% of the product is lost during
required to achieve 10 ppm of iron in purification. Amount of acetanilide obtained after
100 kg of wheat is________. [JEE (Main)-2020] purification (in g) is ______ × 10–2.

Atomic weight : Fe = 55.85; S = 32.00; O = 16.00 [JEE (Main)-2021]

25. NaClO3 is used, even in spacecrafts, to produce 36. The formula of a gaseous hydrocarbon which
requires 6 times of its own volume of O 2 for
O2. The daily consumption of pure O2 by a person
complete oxidation and produces 4 times its own
is 492 L at 1 atm, 300 K. How much amount of
volume of CO2 is CxHy. The value of y is ______.
NaClO3, in grams, is required to produce O2 for the
daily consumption of a person at 1 atm, 300 K? [JEE (Main)-2021]
__________. [JEE (Main)-2020] 37. Complete combustion of 1.80 g of an oxygen
NaClO3(s) + Fe(s)  O2(g) + NaCl(s) + FeO(s) containing compound (CxHyOz) gave 2.64 g of CO2
and 1.08 g of H2O. The percentage of oxygen in
R = 0.082 L atm mol–1 K–1 the organic compound is : [JEE (Main)-2021]
26. The molarity of HNO 3 in a sample which has (1) 50.33 (2) 53.33
density 1.4 g/mL and mass percentage of 63% is
(3) 51.63 (4) 63.53
_____. (Molecular Weight of HNO3 = 63)
38. The number of significant figures in 50000.020 × 10–3
[JEE (Main)-2020] is ________. [JEE (Main)-2021]
27. The ratio of the mass percentages of ‘C & H’ and 39. The NaNO3 weighed out to make 50 mL of an
‘C & O’ of a saturated acyclic organic compound aqueous solution containing 70.0 mg Na+ per mL
‘X’ are 4 : 1 and 3 : 4 respectively. Then, the moles is __________ g. (Rounded off to the nearest
of oxygen gas required for complete combustion of integer)
two moles of organic compound ‘X’ is ________.
[Given : Atomic weight in g mol–1 - Na : 23; N :
[JEE (Main)-2020] 14; O : 16] [JEE (Main)-2021]

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40. A 6.50 molal solution of KOH (aq.) has a density Consider the above reaction. The percentage yield
of 1.89 g cm–3. The molarity of the solution is ___ of amide product is ____. (Round off to the Nearest
mol dm–3. (Round off to the Nearest Integer). Integer).
[Atomic masses : K : 39.0 u; O : 16.0 u; H : 1.0 u] (Given : Atomic mass : C : 12.0 u, H : 1.0 u, N :
[JEE (Main)-2021] 14.0 u, O : 16.0 u, CI : 35.5 u)

41. Complete combustion of 750 g of an organic [JEE (Main)-2021]

compound provides 420 g of CO2 and 210 g of 46. A reaction of 0.1 mole of Benzylamine with
H2O. The percentage composition of carbon and bromomethane gave 23 g of Benzyl trimethyl
hydrogen in organic compound is 15.3 and ammonium bromide. The number of moles of
_____respectively. (Round off to the Nearest bromomethane consumed in this reaction are
Integer). [JEE (Main)-2021] n × 10–1, when n = _____
42. When 35 mL of 0.15 M lead nitrate solution is (Round off to the Nearest Integer).
mixed with 20 mL of 0.12 M chromic sulphate
[Given : Atomic masses : C : 12.0 u, H : 1.0 u, N
solution, ________ × 10–5 moles of lead sulphate
: 14.0 u, Br : 80.0 u] [JEE (Main)-2021]
precipitate out. [JEE (Main)-2021]
47. Complete combustion of 3 g of ethane gives
(Round off to the Nearest Integer).
x × 1022 molecules of water. The value of x is
________.
NO2
(Round off to the Nearest Integer).
43. HNO3
H2SO4 [Use : NA = 6.023 × 1023 ;
Atomic masses in u : C : 12.0 ; O : 16.0 ; H : 1.0]
In the above reaction, 3.9 g of benzene on nitration [JEE (Main)-2021]
gives 4.92 g of nitrobenzene. The percentage yield
of nitrobenzene in the above reaction is 48. ________ grams of 3-Hydroxy propanal (MW = 74)
_________%. must be dehydrated to produce 7.8 g of acrolein (MW
= 56) (C3H4O) if the percentage yield is 64.
(Round off to the Nearest Integer)
(Round off to the Nearest Integer).
(Given atomic mass : C : 12.0 u, H : 1.0 u, O : 16.0
u, N : 14.0 u) [JEE (Main)-2021] [Given : Atomic masses : C : 12.0 u, H : 1.0 u, O :
16.0 u] [JEE (Main)-2021]
44. The number of chlorine atoms in 20 mL of chlorine
gas at STP is _______ 1021. (Round off to the COO H COO H
Nearest integer). [JEE (Main)-2021]
FeBr 3
49. + Br2 + HBr
[Assume chlorine is an ideal gas at STP
Br
R = 0.083 L bar mol–1K–1, NA = 6.023 × 1023]
Consider the above reaction where 6.1 g of Benzoic
acid is used to get 7.8 g of m-bromobenzoic acid.
O The percentage yield of the product is ____.
45.
C (Round off to Nearest Integer).
Cl + C 6H 5NHC6H 5
[Given : Atomic masses : C : 120 u, H : 1.0 u, O
: 16.0 u, Br : 80.0 u] [JEE (Main)-2021]
0.140 g 0.388 g
50. 250 mL of 0.5 M NaOH was added to 500 mL of
1 M HCI. The number of unreacted HCI molecules in
O
the solution after complete reaction is ______ ×1021.
C6H 5 – C – N – (C 6H5) 2 (Nearest integer) (NA = 6.022 × 1023)
0.210 g [JEE (Main)-2021]

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51. Methylation of 10 g of benzene gave 9.2 g of toluene. 58. 100 g of propane is completely reacted with
Calculate the percentage yield of toluene _________. 1000 g of oxygen. The mole fraction of carbon dioxide
(Nearest integer) [JEE (Main)-2021] in the resulting mixture is x × 10–2. The value of x is
52. If the concentration of glucose (C6H12O6) in blood is _____. (Nearest integer)
0.72 g L–1, the molarity of glucose in blood is [Atomic weight : H = 1.008; C = 12.00; O = 16.00]
________ × 10–3 M. (Nearest integer)
[JEE (Main)-2021]
(Given : Atomic mass of C = 12, H = 1, O = 16 u)
59. The molarity of the solution prepared by dissolving 6.3
[JEE (Main)-2021] g of oxalic acid (H2C2O42H2O) in 250 mL of water in
53. Consider the complete combustion of butane, the mol L–1 is x × 10–2. The value of x is _______.
amount of butane utilized to produce 72.0 g of water (Nearest integer)
is ____ × 10–1 g. (in nearest integer) [Atomic mass : H : 1.0, C : 12.0, O : 16.0]
[JEE (Main)-2021] [JEE (Main)-2021]
54. The number of significant figures in 0.00340 is _______.
60. Sodium oxide reacts with water to produce sodium
[JEE (Main)-2021] hydroxide. 20.0 g of sodium oxide is dissolved in 500
55. The density of NaOH solution is 1.2 g cm –3. The mL of water. Neglecting the change in volume, the
molality of this solution is ______ m. concentration of the resulting NaOH solution is _____
× 10–1 M. (Nearest integer)
(Round off to the Nearest Integer)
[Atomic mass : Na = 23.0, O = 16.0, H = 1.0]
[Use : Atomic masses : Na : 23.0 u, O : 16.0 u
H : 1.0 u Density of H2O : 1.0 g cm–3] [JEE (Main)-2021]

[JEE (Main)-2021] 61. If 80 g of copper sulphate CuSO45H2O is dissolved in

deionised water to make 5 L of solution. The
56. An aqueous KCl solution of density 1.20 g ml–1 has
concentration of the copper sulphate solution is x ×
a molality of 3.30 mol kg–1. The molarity of the
10–3 mol L–1. The value of x is _______.
solution in mol L–1 is _____. (Nearest integer)
[Atomic masses Cu : 63.54 u, S : 32 u, O : 16 u,
[Molar mass of KCl = 74.5] [JEE (Main)-2021]
H : 1 u] [JEE (Main)-2021]
57. 100 mL of Na 3PO 4 solution contains 3.45 g
of sodium. The molarity of the solution is _____ 62. The number of atoms in 8 g of sodium is x × 1023. The
× 10–2 mol L–1. (Nearest integer) value of x is _____. (Nearest integer)

[Atomic Masses - Na : 23.0 u, O : 16.0 u, P : 31.0 u] [Given : NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1

[JEE (Main)-2021] Atomic mass of Na = 23.0 u] [JEE (Main)-2021]



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