oO
Class 9 2022-23
CLIMATE
Ch 4| Class 9 Geography
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Presenting to you, hand-written notes!
Kerala experiences tts first monsoon by the first week ¢ Cure.
>The Bay Bengal branch and the Arabian Sea branch are
the two divigions that follow.
+ In the Second week of June, the branch of the Arabian Sea
reaches Mumbai.
In the pil week dure, the Bay % Bengal branch obo travels
to Assam.
+The monsoon winds across the Northern Plains are deflected by the
mountains iw the area.
- By mid-June, the monsoon strikes the central parts of the country
and the Sowoshiva and Kutch regions.
> Uttar Pradesh, Panjab, Haryana and eastern Rajasthan receive
roinja by the first week of duly.
* The monsoon winds begin to withdraw jrom the northwestern pars o%
Tndia by early September.
+ Lt withoraws from the perinular region by mid-October, and it
completely withdraws jrom the Country by the first week of December. + |Seasons
- A country with a monsoon type of climate experiences distin
Sequons.
- Lnaia experiences the following Seasons :
4 Te Winter Season:
+n Northen “India, the winter Season starts in mid-November
and tase +i February.
“The coldat months are December and Canuavy
* The days ave warm and the evenings aye chilly throughoul the
olde months.
+ In Northen “Tnaia, {ost is a common occurenme as the
temperature dvops.
* Due to northeast trade winds that blow jvom land to sea, much
% the Counbuy experiences a dry cold season.
+ Over northern India, there are a tol of cyclonic disturbances at
this moment.
+ These Couses Snowfall im the dlimalayan regions and vain duving
the winter.
+The cultivation vabi crops is ided by this winter's winfall.
2 The Summer Season :
“In Tndia, the hot weather season stots in March and lasti
till Mau. * Because sf high temperate, tow ata pressure is Created in the
Northern paris of the Cunt .
+ The blowing f the local winds known az ‘loo' during India's
hot weather season is one of tts dlistinguishing characteristics.
+The wind is hot and it can bow in the evening.
+ Fever and anvieties may vesult due to divect contact to thee winds.
* Oust storms and tight vainf Can Occasionally be found in northern
Tindia in May.
+ As a vault, the temperature decreases.
Tn West Bengal, during this Season, there is heavy Hain and. hail.
» They are alto known a8 Kaal Baisakhi.
+ Tn Kerala and Karnataka, rainstorms are frequent as Summer
Comes fo an end.
"They help in the early supening of mangoes and are Sometime referred
to as “rmangoshowers
+ Advanced Monsoon
* Over the North Lndian Plains, low pressure conditions worsen
by the jinst week o dune.
+ The Southeast’ trade winds , which originale {rom Southem Oceans,
ave drawn +o these conditions.
«These winds blow over the warm oceans and thus bring
moisture and vainjal to the Country .
+ During the early monsoon season, the places Located on the
windoward side the Western Ghat receive heavy rainfall up to 2500m.
* The northem park the cownluy recieve heavy yainjall .
+ Mowsynvam im Meghadaya vectves the highest amount of vainjout
in the world.
As we go from eaut to the wel, the vainjall decreoues.
+ Rajasthan and Gujarat recieve scanty rainfall.
+ Rovin, does not {au Continuously during the monsoon season.
+ Thus, there ave dry spells and wel spells.
+ Monsoons ane uncertain, and iwrequlon «
+ Retreating Monsoon
— The Southwest monsoon winds weaken between October and
Northern plains by the beginning of October.
+ Clear skies and a vise im temperate in the northn plain are
Signs of the velreal.
The tem ‘October heal’ is ryered to this rise in temperature.
. Cyclonic depressions start to jorm at this point as (ow pressure conditions
transfer to the Bay of Bengal.
+ Usually in the eaifern and southern coasts, these cyclonic depressions
generally cause the devastation of both lie and property.
+ Most of the rainfall tm the Coromandel Coast is derived from cyclones
ond depressions . Distribution of Roinjott
* Roinjou distribution is wot the same for every part a the country.
+ While northeastern “India and tne parls of the weilern coast receive
about 4000m of rainfall arually, westeen Rajasthan and the weslern
parts of Oujavat, Punjab and floryana veceive (us than 600m of
voingaut
+The winds which vise from the Avabion Sea ove full of moisture .
“Heavy vainjatt (© cowed when thee winds hit the weilorn side of
the mountains.
“The Eastern Ghoti are abveady dry by the time these winds
avrive since they have already Cost their moisture.
» As a vesutt, the Western Ghats experience greater precipitation than
the Eailern (that.
+The other parts o the country vective moderate vainfall .
* Large climale differences, result jyom this type rainfall distribution .
+ The western sections of the country frequently experience drought like
Conditions .
*
Monsoon 0s a Unitying Bond
* The monsoon winds unite the entive country dupite then erratic and
wnpredictivitity .
"The arrival voingoll i arwiously anticipated by the farmers.
“The woter needed to start agricultwal activity is provided by vainfall. + Singing, dancing and festival Celebrations ave wed to celebrate tts arrival .
Map showing direction of Southwest monsoon winds in India
