DISCUSSION NO.

1 ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION functions, biotechnologies, and bioinspired-materials that seek

METHODS to replicate natural systems.
Phases of a Project Development
ABMs, much like digital engineering as a whole, represent a
Topics move to incorporate cutting-edge and economically-viable
sustainable solutions to increase profitability, decrease
1. Project Management Organization construction time, and overall favorably impact the
2. Project Study environment.2

3.Planning and Design (Construction Documents with As the industry pushes to adopt a more sustainable and whole-
Specifications) life approach to infrastructure and the built environment, ABMs
are becoming a key area of interest and importance.
4. Analysis of Construction Methods, Schedules, and Estimates
5. Financing Modern Methods of Construction:
6. Bidding Process  3D Volumetric (Modular) Construction
The 3D volumetric construction is also known as concrete
7. Contractor and Contract Documents
modular construction or Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric
8. Construction Management Construction (PPVC). This construction method involves
the stacking of rectangular factory-finished modular
9. Mobilization of Construction Plant, Materials, Tools and components on-site to form a complete building.
Equipment, and Manpower
10. Start of Construction  Flat Slabs Construction
The flat slab construction is a reinforced concrete slab
11. Completion of Construction supported by the concrete columns directly without the support
12. Demobilization of the beams. So, we can say that a flat slab is a one-sided or
two-sided system with a sheer load targeting the square slab or
11. Turnover and Operations supporting columns.

 Timber Framing with High-Performance Building

Advanced construction method technology covers a wide Envelopes
range of modern techniques and practices that encompass the
latest developments in materials technology, design Timber frames provide a slower rate of heat transfer than steel.
procedures, quantity surveying, facilities management, As a natural insulator, wood decreases your need for cooling or
services, structural analysis and design, and management heating, helping you reduce your energy bills. Steel is a good
studies. conductor of heat, and therefore requires additional insulation.

Advanced Building Materials (ABM) are a new generation of

 Precast Panels
construction materials that demonstrate exceptional properties,
making buildings and infrastructure smarter, more sustainable, Precast concrete wall panels provide a single cladding
energy-efficient, and resilient. assembly built by one certified manufacturer in a controlled
environment. They allow for quick and straightforward exterior
These numerous and wide-ranging solutions include innovative finish wall application for a building. Durable precast concrete
alternatives to traditional building materials as well as panels provide good structural framing, and heat, air, and
enhanced forms of existing materials. moisture control.

Examples of such materials range from new forms of concrete Precast concrete is incredibly dense, and the process used to
(lower carbon, with fibers that alter its resistance and durability create it makes it denser and more resilient than other concrete
or with air purifying capabilities), innovative wooden structures, options. This density is why it is used in many walls and privacy
and glass with enhanced qualities (electrochromic glass, construction elements for large-scale construction as well as
photovoltaic embedded construction glass), to automated sound walls around communities that may face a highway.
infrastructure.1
 Concrete Walls
Additionally, we have seen increased research on
Construction of concrete walls is a crucial phase in building
nanotechnologies to enhance material properties and
construction. It is constructed as a load bearing structure to
transfers loads from floor to the wall below or to the foundation, Scaffolding is a temporary platform used to elevate and support
in addition to divide spaces in multi-storey buildings. Moreover, workers and materials during the construction, repair, or
concrete wall is a desirable structural element in earthquake cleaning of a structure or machine; it consists of one or more
prone areas since it exhibit satisfactory performance during planks of convenient size and length, with various methods of
earthquakes. Therefore, it greatly controls the safety of the support, depending on the form and use.
building. That is why considerable cautions shall be practiced
during its construction. Finally, apart from proper construction
Various Construction Equipment Used in Construction:
process, materials used for concrete wall construction play
major role to improve the performance of the wall during its life  Bulldozer - used for clearing and grubbing
span.  Excavator - used for excavating
 Payloader or Wheeled Loader - used for handling of
earth's materials
A concrete block wall is a wall made up of standard size
 Road Roller - used for compacting Single Roller
concrete blocks. The standard size is 8 inches, however,
 Tandem Roller
depending on the design parameters and standards set by an
engineer for the concrete structure, the block sizes may vary.  Padfoot or Sheepsfoot Roller
 Road Grader or Scraper- used for grading and
scraping road base materials
 Precast Foundations  Hauler or Dump Truck - used for hauling
The precast foundation is a reinforced concrete element made  Pneumatic Tire Roller
up of a tied rebar beam cage incorporated within a semi-precast  Lattice Boom Crane
concrete element which acts as formwork. The element can be  Telescopic Crane
used in the construction of column and wall foundation of any  Jack Hammer - used for breaking rocks and pavement
type and is suitable for any elevated structure.  Aircompressor - used to supply pressurized air to
Jack Hammer
 Twin Wall Technology  Water Tanker - to supply water to construction site
Twinwall construction is a walling system that combines the  Skid- Steer Loader - used for handling materials
speed of erection and quality of precast concrete with the  Backhoe Loaders- used for excavating and loading
structural integrity of in-situ concrete to provide a hybrid  Forklift - used in handling construction materials
solution. The prefabricated panels comprise two slabs  Trenching Machine - used for trenching drainage
separated and connected by cast-in lattice girders. ditches
 Asphalt Planer - used to remove old asphalt surface
 Asphalt Paver - used for paving of asphalt
 Hybrid Construction.
 Concrete Paver - used for paving of concrete
Hybrid concrete construction is a method of construction  Concrete Batching Plant - used to make ready mixed
which integrates precast concrete and cast in-situ concrete to concrete
make best advantage of their different inherent qualities. The
 Transit Mixers - used to transport ready mixed
accuracy, speed and high-quality finish of precast components
concrete
can be combined with the economy and flexibility of cast in-situ
 Asphalt Batching Plant - used to make hot mixed
concrete.
asphalt
 Pumpcrete Machine
 Thin Joint Masonry  Electric Arc Welding Machine- used for joining iron
Thin Joint is a masonry wall construction technique base or steel materials
which replaces conventional 10mm cement : sand mortar joints  Electric Generator - used to supply electric power at
with 2-3mm joints using a special adhesive mortar. construction site
 Oxy-Acetylene Welding Set - used for cutting iron
 Advanced Formworks base or steel materials
 Rock Drilling Machine- used for drilling through rocks
Formwork is the structure, usually temporary, used to contain
 Bored Pile Machine- used for core drilling through soil
poured concrete and to mould it to the required dimensions and
 TunnelBoring Machine - used for boring tunnels
support until it is able to support itself. It consists primarily of the
face contact material and the bearers that directly support the  Construction Lights - used for lighting at construction
face contact material. site
 Tower Crane
 Plate Compactor
 Advanced Scaffoldings  Scaffolding
 Formwork
  Shoring 35. REBOCADA - SCRATCH COAT
 Water Truck 36. PIKETA - PICKWORK (on masonry)
 Concrete Mixer 37. MONYEKA - VARNISH FINISH
 Pile Driving Machine
38. BIENTO - SPACING OF GAP
 Telehandlers
 Aerial Lifts 39. LARGA MASA - CONCRETE SLAB(rough)
 Hydro Platforms 40. ASINTADA - ALIGNMENT
 Construction Lift Elevator 41. HULOG - PLUMB LINE
 Bridge Girder Launcher 42. BALDOSA - CEMENT TILE
43. LADRILYO - CEMENT BRICK
FILIPINO TERMS USED IN CONSTRUCTION 44. BATIDORA - DOOR FILLET
45. KANAL - GROOVE
1. POSTE - COLUMN 46. HASPE - GOOD GRAIN
HALIGE - WALL 47. PLANTILYA - PATTERN / SCHEDULE
2. GUILILAN - GIRDER 48. BISAGRA - HINGE
3. SULERAS - JOIST 49. DE BANDEHA - PANELED DOOR
4. SAHIG, SUELO - FLOORING 50. ESCOMBRO - EARTHFILL
5. SEPO - GIRT 51. LASTILYAS - MASONRY FILL
6. BIGA - BEAM 52. LIYABE - ADOBE ANCHOR
7. BARAKILAN - BOTTOM CHORD 53. HINANG - SOLDER
8. REOSTRA - PURLIN 54. ESTANYO - NICOLITE BAR
9. SENEPA - FASCIA BOARD 55. SUBAN, SUBUHAL - TEMPER (metal work)
10. KOSTILYAHE - CEILING JOIST 56. PIE DE GALLO - DIAGONAL BRACE
11. TABIKE - SIDING (EXTERNAL) 57. PUNSOL - NAIL SETTER
12. PILARETE - STUD (VERTICAL) 58. POLEYA - WIRING KNOB
13. PABALAGBAG - STUD (HORIZONTAL) 59. ESPOLON - CABINET HINGE
14. PASAMANO - WINDOW SILL
15. SUMBRERO - WINDOW HEAD Other Construction Tagalog Terms
16. HAMBA - WINDOW JAMB / DOOR JAMB
17. SINTURON - COLLAR PLATE Poste – Haligi
18. HARDINERA - STRINGER (OPEN) Guililan – Girder
19. MADRE (de escalera) - STRINGER (CLOSED) Suleras – Joist
20. BAYTANG - TREAD Sahig, Suelo – Flooring
21. TAKIP (SILIPAN) - RISER Sepo – Girt
22. GABAY - HANDRAIL Biga – Beam
23. MULDURA - MOULDING Barakilan – Bottom Chord
24. SIBE - EAVE Reostra – Purlin
25. BOLADA - PROJECTION Senepa – Fascia Board
26. BALANGKAS - FRAME WORK Kostilyahe – Ceiling Joist
27. KANAL - GUTTER Tabike – Siding (External)
28. ALULOD - CONDUCTOR Pilarete – Stud (Vertical)
29. PLANCHUELA - W. I. STRAP Pabalagbag – Stud (Horizontal)
30. PIERNO - BOLT Tansi – Nylon Used for Alignment
31. PLANCHA - SCAFFOLDING Tambol – False wall
32. ESTAKA - STAKE Soleras – Joist
33. KUSTURADA - PLASTERED COURSE Kilo – Truss
34. PALITADA - STUCCO OR PLASTER Tahilan – Top Chord
Sombrero – Window Head Plantilya – Pattern / Schedule
Muldora – Molding Bisagra – Hinge
Plantsuwela – Wrought Iron Strap De Bandeha – Paneled Door
Rebokada – Scratch Coat Escombro – Earthfill
Eskumbro – Earth Fill Lastilyas – Masonry Fill
Cerrujo/Seruho – Wastage from Architectural Materials Liyabe – Adobe Anchor
Kanto-Mesa – Miter Joint Hinang – Solder
Rodelang Bakal – Metal Trowel Estanyo – Nicolite Bar / Soldering Lead
Ampao / Ampaw – Honeycomb air pockets in concrete Suban, Subuhal – Temper (Metal Work)
Anilyo – Rebar Ties Pie De Gallo – Diagonal Brace
Masilya – Putty/Filler Punsol – Nail Setter
Kamada – Piling of Materials Poleya – Wiring Knob
Pasamano – Window Sill Espolon – Cabinet Hinge
Sumbrero – Window Head Medya – Half, 0.5
Hamba – Window Jamb / Door Jamb Porma – Formwork, usually Phenolic Plyboard
Sinturon – Collar Plate Clebe – Drain Slope
Hardinera – Stringer (Open)
Madre (De Escalera) – Stringer (Closed) PART 1 – Construction Personnel
Baytang – Tread
Takip (Silipan) – Riser 1.Arkitekto – architect
Gabay – Handrail 2.Inhinyero – engineer
Muldura – Moulding 3.Kontratista – contractor
Sibe – Eave 4.Kapatas – foreman
Bolada – Projection 5.Karpentero – carpenter
Balangkas – Frame Work 6.Kantero – mason
Kanal – Gutter 7.Latero – roofer
Alulod – Conductor 8.Soldador – welder
Planchuela – W. I. Strap 9.Elektrisyan – electrician
Pierno – Bolt 10.Tubero – plumber
Plancha – Scaffolding 11.Pintor – painter
Estaka – Stake 12.Pagador – paymaster
Kusturada – Plastered Course 13.Bodegero – warehouseman
Palitada – Stucco Or Plaster 14.Piyon – laborer
Rebocada – Scratch Coat
Piketa – Pickwork (On Masonry) PART 2 – Measurement and Quantity

Monyeka – Varnish Finish 1.Metro – meter or steel tape measure

Biento – Spacing Of Gap 2.Piye – foot
Larga Masa – Concrete Slab (Rough) 3.Pulgada – inch
Asintada – Alignment 4.Medya – half an inch
Hulog – Plumb Line 5.De uno (dos, tres,…) – nominal size of material in inches
Baldosa – Cement Tile 6.Damak – handbreadth (4 inches)
Ladrilyo – Cement Brick 7.Dangkal – span (7-8 inches)
Batidora – Door Fillet 8.Dipa – fathom (5-6 feet)
Kanal – Groove 9.Baytang – step
Haspe – Good Grain 10.Grado – gradient
11. Palapag – storey or floor 6.Bistay – Fine sized sand
12.Patong – layer or coat 7.Agramasa – mortar
13.Porsyento – percentage or percent 8.Piedra – stone or rock
14.Timplada – mixture 9.Asero – steel
15.Ektarya – hectare 10.Yero – iron
16..Metro kwadrado – square meter 11.Pundido – cast iron
17.Metro kubiko – cubic meter 12.Kobre – copper
18.Bultuhan – by volume 13.Tingga – lead
14.Tumbaga – brass
Part 3 - Construction Tools 15.Asoleho – glazed or wainscoating
16.Baldosa – floor tile or stone paver
1.Lebel – spirit or hose level 17.Ladrilyo – brick
2.Hulog – plumb bob 18.Madera – wood or timber/lumbe
3.Eskwala – framing square 19.Pormika – laminate
4.Pala – shovel 20.Hardipleks –fiber-cement board
5.Piko – pickaxe 21.Alkitran – tar (for asphalting)
6.Piketa – brick hammer 22.Estopa – oakum
7.Rodela –Float 23.Kugon – thatch
8.Kutsara – masonry trowel 24.Lana – wool
9.Sinsil – cold or bull-point chisel 25.Lona – tarpaulin
10.Bareta de kabra – crowbar or prybar 26.Alpombra – carpet
11.Barena – drill 27.Binil – vinyl
12.Malyete – mallet 28.Escombro – filling material
13.Maso – sledgehammer
14.Martilyo – hammer PART 5 – Spaces and building materials
15.Punsol – punch or nailset
16.Pitik – chalk line reel 1.Kuwarto – room
17.Lagari – saw 2.Entrada – porch/foyer or entrance
18.Lagaring bakal – hack saw 3.Sala – living room
19.Pait – wood chisel 4.Komedor – dining room
20.Katam – planer 5.Kusina – kitchen
21.Torno – router or lathe 6.Batalan – rear porch (service area)
22.Distornilyador – screwdriver 7.Banyo – bathroom
23.Liyabe – wrench 8.Pasilyo – hallway
24.Gato – vise or clamp 9.Entresuelo – mezzanine
25.Plais- pliers 10.Asoteya – terrace
26.Paleta – putty balde or scraper 11.Balkonahe – balcony
27.Pinsel – paintbrush 12.Garahe – garage
13.Hardin – garden
PART 4 – Building materials 14.Atip – roof covering or material
15.Kuwatro aguas – hip roof
1.Buhos – concrete 16.Dos aguas – gable roof
2.Semento – cement 17.Medya agua – awning or canopy
3.Buhangin – sand 18.Sibe – lean-to or shed-type roof
4.Graba – gravel 19.Bolada – projection or overhang
5.Grabita – pea gravel 20.Alero – eaves
21.Senepa – fascia board 8.Pitikan – to mark a straight line
22.Pinto – door 9.Eskwalado – perpendicular or squared
23.Bintana – window 10.Kahanay – parallel
24.Escalera – stairs or ladder 11.Tumbok – to form a junction or connection
25.Pader – wall 12.Kanto – corner or edge
26.Suelo – flooring 13.Kilikili – inside corner
27.Kisame – ceiling 14.Matambok – convex or hump
15.Malukong – concave or hollow/bowl-shapes
PART 6 – Structural framing 16.Paikid – spiral
17.Tantsahin – to estimate
1.Balangkas – framework or framing 18.Ikasa – to install
2.Balantok – arch 19.Rekta – directly
3.Bobida – dome 20.Alahado – flushed or along the sameplane
4.Haligi – column or post 21.Nitso – recess or alcove
5.Biga – beam 22.Risalte – offset or embossed
6.Dintel – lintel 23.Bahada – downslope
7.Sumbrero – header 24.Biyento – gape or spacing
8.Hamba – jamb (of a window or door) 25.Unosinotra – alternate or staggered
9.Pasamano – window sill or handrail 26.Retaso – excess/remaining cut material
10.Trabisanyo – transom or crossbeam 27.Seroho – wastage from materials cut
11.Pilarete – vertical stud
12.Pabalagbag – horizontal stud
13.Sepo – girt or sheeting rail
14.Gililan – girder
15.Suleras – floor joists
16.Kostilyahe – ceiling joists
17.Kilo – rafter or roof truss
18.Sinturon – collar
19.Tahilan – top chord or rafter
20.Barakilan – bottom chord or rafter
21.Tirante – strut or achor/brace
22.Piye de galyo – brace (diagonal +vertical)
23.Pednulo – king post (of a truss)
24.Taknang – queen post (of a truss)
25.Kabalyete – ridge (of a roof)
26.Reostra – purlin

PART 7 – Layout and arrangement

1.Plano – blueprint or plan

2.Krokis – sketch
3.Muestra – sample
4.Plantilya – template or pattern
5.Asintahin – to erect a wall or to align
6.Hulugan – to align vertically
7.Lebelan – to align horizontally