PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-01

Name: ____________________________________ Date: ___________________

Teacher: __________________________________ Section: ________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION - NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN SCIENCE 8 – MATTER

Third Quarter/ Week 6/ Day 1

OBJECTIVES: Determining the number of electrons, protons and neutrons in an atom.

LESSON FOR TODAY

Atom is an indivisible, particle composed of the subatomic
particles electrons, protons, and neutrons.

Cathode rays – consist of negatively charged particles called electrons.

Joseph John Thomson – discovered the presence of negatively charged particles called
electrons in 1897.
Ernest Rutherford – is a physicist from New Zealand who pictured an atom with its nucleus
at the center, where the positively charged particles were mainly concentrated.
Eugene Goldstein – proved the presence of positively charge particles called protons in
1886.
James Chadwick - proved the existence of neutral charge particles called neutrons in 1932.

• The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of an element is a
mass number (A).
• The number of protons in an atom of an element is the atomic number (Z).

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 PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-01

Name: ________________________________ Date: ___________________

Teacher: ______________________________ Section: ________________

SAMPLE PROBLEM
The Table below gives the number of sub-atomic particles of the following atoms. Fill out
the following table given and answer the questions below.

ATOMS ATOMIC ELECTRONS PROTONS NEUTRONS MASS

NUMBER
NUMBER
(A)
(Z) (e-) (p+) (n0)
Li (Lithium) 3 3 3 4 7

Na (Sodium) 11 11 11 12 23

Mg (Magnesium) 12 12 12 12 24

Al (Aluminum) 13 13 13 14 27

Silver (Ag) 47 47 47 61 108

O (Oxygen) 8 8 8 8 16

Ne (Neon) 10 10 10 10 20

Cl (Chlorine) 17 17 17 18 35

Rb (Rubidium) 37 37 37 48 85

Kr (Krypton) 36 36 36 48 84

1. What is the number of proton in Magnesium?

The number of electrons?
The number of neutrons?
2. The number of protons of Krypton (Kr) is 36.
What is the neutrons and the electrons?
3. If the number of electron of Neon is 10.
What is the proton?____________. What is the neutron?
4. Determine the number of proton, the number of electron, the number of neutron of Silver
(Ag).
5. If the atomic number of Aluminum (Al) is 13, what is the number of proton, electron and
neutron?

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 PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-01

Name: ________________________________ Date: ___________________

Teacher: ______________________________ Section: ________________

EXERCISE I

Determine the number of proton, neutron and electron. Given the atomic number of the
following elements and their mass number.

ELEMENT ATOMIC MASS PROTON ELECTRON NEUTRON

NUMBER NUMBER

Silicon (Si) 14 28

Bromine (Br) 35 80

Boron (B) 5 11

Copper (Cu) 29 64

Strontium (Sr) 38 88

EXERCISE II

Determine the atomic number (Z), mass number (A) and number of electrons.

ELEMENT Z A NUMBER
OF
ELECTRON

Chromium (Cr)

Iron (Fe)

Argon (Ar)

Calcium (Ca)

Tin (Sn)

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 PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-01

Name: ________________________________ Date: ___________________

Teacher: ______________________________ Section: ________________

EXERCISE III

Complete the table below.

ELEMENT NUMBER OF NUMBER OF NUMBER OF MASS NUMBER

ELECTRON PROTON NEUTRON

Sulfur (S)

Sodium (Na)

Cobalt (Co)

Barium (Ba)

Bismuth (Bi)

GENERALIZATION

ATOM is the smallest unit of an element.

THREE SUBATOMIC PARTICLES

• Proton is the positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus.
• Electron is the negatively charged subatomic particle found outside the nucleus on
different energy levels.
• Neutron is the uncharged subatomic particle that can be found in the nucleus together
with the proton.

MASS NUMBER is the combined number of protons and neutrons of an atom.

ATOMIC NUMBER is numerically equivalent to the number of protons, hence gives the
identity of the atom.

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 PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-01

Name: ________________________________ Date: ___________________

Teacher: ______________________________ Section: ________________

EVALUATION

Directions: Read and understand each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best
answer and write it on the space provided.

___________ 1. Atoms are neutral. The number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the
number of _______.

A. Proton C. Neutron
B. All of the above D. Electron

___________ 2. Mass number is equal to the combined number of all protons and _______ in
the atom.

A. Electrons C. Protons
B. Neutrons D. None of the above

___________ 3. The number of each subatomic particle of the element can be easily identified
if we know the mass number and the atomic number. The atomic number is
equal to the number of ______.

A. Electron C. Proton
B. Neutron D. Proton and Neutron

__________ 4. Refer to the periodic table. How many protons does the Phosphorus
have?

A.10 B. 12 C. 15 D.18

__________ 5. The number of neutrons in an atom of magnesium is _____.

A. 19 B. 10 C. 12 D.24

LOURDES C. SANCHEZ
Pasay City East High School

References:
1. Exploring the realms of Science 8 p. 219
2. Periodic Table

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-02

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Teacher: _____________________________________________ Section: ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN SCIENCE 8- MATTER

THIRD QUARTER/WEEK 6/DAY 2

Objective:
This module is intended to determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a
particular atom. Specifically, it aims to determine the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons in
positive ions (cation).

Concepts:
There are several subatomic particles that have been discovered. Three of these are considered
important in describing the behavior of an atom. They are the protons, neutrons and electrons. The
number of protons, neutrons and electrons in an atom indicates its properties. The number of electrons
shows how a particular atom behaves during chemical reaction. The number of protons and neutrons
in an atom is also used to identify atoms.

The number of protons in an atom is equal to its atomic number.

Ions

An individual atom of a given element is electrically neutral as depicted by the same number of
protons and electrons in the atomic structure. However, under different circumstances, an atom can
gain or lose electrons. This gives it either a positive or a negative charge. This property of electrons
plays an important role in the forces that bind atoms to form different kinds of matter.

An atom that loses or gains one or more electrons acquires a net electrical charge and is called
ion. An atom that gains electrons has more electrons than protons and becomes a negatively charged
particle called anion. On the other hand, an atom that loses electrons has fewer electrons than protons
and becomes a positively charged particle called cation. The mechanisms of losing and gaining
electrons happen in the course of reactions to make the atom stable.

The number of protons and electrons in an atom or molecule determines its charge and whether
it is a neutral species or an ion. This worked chemistry problem demonstrates how to determine the
number of protons and electrons in an ion. For atomic ions, the key points to keep in mind are:

• A neutral atom has the same number of protons and electrons. This number is the atomic
number of the element.
• A positively-charged ion or cation has more protons than electrons. The proton number is the
atomic number of the element, while the electron number is the atomic number minus the charge.
• A negatively-charged ion or anion has more electrons than protons. Again, the number of
protons is the atomic number. The number of electrons is the atomic number added to the
charge.

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-02

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Teacher: _____________________________________________ Section: ___________________

Protons and Electrons Problem

Identify the number of protons and electrons in Sc3+ ion.

Solution

Use the Periodic Table to find the atomic number of Sc (Scandium). The atomic number is 21,
which means that scandium has 21 protons.

While a neutral atom for Scandium (Sc) would have the same number of electrons as protons,
the ion is shown to have a +3 charge. This means it has 3 fewer electrons than the neutral atom or 21
- 3 = 18 electrons.

Answer

The Sc3+ ion contains 21 protons and 18 electrons.

Protons and Electrons in Polyatomic Ions

When you are working with polyatomic ions (ions consisting of groups of atoms), the number of
electrons is greater than the sum of the atomic numbers of the atoms for an anion and less than this
value for a cation.

Study the following notation present in the symbol of element with the respective atomic number and
mass number.
A simple way to give us all the information we need about the subatomic make up of an atom is
via chemical or organic notation.

Mass number
(# of protons + # of neutrons)
24
Mg Symbol of element
12
Atomic number
(# protons)

20 Atomic Number or Proton Number (Z)

Ca Elemental symbol
40.078
Atomic Mass in amu

A=Z+N
Atomic Mass 23

Atomic Number 11 Na
Neutron Number 12

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-02

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Teacher: _____________________________________________ Section: ___________________

Study the following equations:

Equation 1: Atomic number = number of protons = number of electrons

Equation 2: Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons

• Using equation 2, how can you determine the number of protons and neutrons?
• From the illustrations presented earlier, we can use the following notation to determine the
number of protons, electrons and neutrons and the mass number of an atom.

• Atom
Number of protons + number of neutrons A A
E Symbol of element
Number of protons Z

• Ion
Number of protons + number of neutrons A A
2+
E Symbol of element
Number of protons Z

Practice Exercise 1

DIRECTIONS: Using the notation above, determine the number of protons, electrons, neutrons and
mass number of the following ions. Write your answer in the table below.

1. 24 2. 59

Mg2+ Ni2+
12 28

3. 7 4. 59

Li+ Co2+
3 27

5. 133

Cs+
55

Ions Number of protons Number of electrons Number of neutrons Mass number

1. Mg2+ 12 24

2. Ni2+ 26 31

3. Li+ 3 4

4. Co2+ 25 59

5. Cs+ 55 54

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-02

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Teacher: _____________________________________________ Section: ___________________

Practice Exercise 2:
DIRECTIONS: Fill up the missing data of the following ions. Refer your answer to the table below.
1. ___ 2. ___

Al3+ Zn2+
___ ___
3. ___ 4. ___

Ba2+ Cd2+
___ ___
5. ___

Bi3+
___

Ion Number of protons Number of electrons Number of neutrons Mass number

1. Al3+ 13 10 14 27

2. Zn2+ 30 28 35 65

3. Ba2+ 56 54 81 137

4. Cd2+ 48 46 64 112

5. Bi3+ 83 80 126 209

• Like proton, what is the relationship and importance of having a Learning Reference Number or
LRN as a learner?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

GENERALIZATION:

• An ion is a charged atom or a charged group of atom.

• Cations are ions which have a positive electrical charge. A cation has fewer electrons than
protons.
• Atomic number = number of protons
• Number of electron – the number of (+) charge
• Mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-02

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Teacher: _____________________________________________ Section: ___________________

EVALUATION:

DIRECTIONS: Read and understand the question. Choose the best answer by putting it on the space
provided.

_____ 1. A/n __________ is an ion with a positive (+) charge.

A. Anion
B. Cation
C. Charge
D. Ion

_____ 2. What is the charge of Rubidium found in group 1A?

A. 1+
B. 2+
C. 3+
D. 4+

_____ 3. What ion has 18 electrons, 19 protons and 20 neutrons?

A. K+1 (Potassium ion)
B. Mg+2 (Magnesium ion)
C. Na+1 (Sodium ion)
D. Ca+2 (Calcium ion)

_____ 4. Which atom would produce a cation?

A. Ba
B. Br
C. Cl
D. Kr
_____ 5. If an atom of 47Silver has a charge of +1, how many electrons does the atom have?
A. 46
B. 47
C. 48
D. 49

References

Book references:
Science and Technology 8 pages 47 2to 56 by Zonia Medina-Gerona et. al.

Online references:
Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "How to Determine Number of Protons and Electrons in Ions." ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020,
thoughtco.com/protons-and-electrons-in-ions-problem-609591.

Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Table of Common Cations." ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/common-cations-
table-603962.

Prepared by:
JONALYN BACCANI-GALI
Pasay City South High School

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-03

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Teacher: _____________________________________________ Section: ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN SCIENCE 8- MATTER

THIRD QUARTER/WEEK 6/DAY 3

Objectives:
This module is intended to determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a
particular atom. Specifically, it aims to determine the number of electrons, protons, and neutrons in
negative ions (anion).

Concepts:
The three basic sub-atomic particles of an atom are the positive-charged protons, negative-
charged electrons, and neutral neutrons. Follow these simple steps to find the number of protons,
neutrons, and electrons for an atom of any element.

Key Takeaways: Number of Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

• Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

• Protons carry a positive electrical charged, while electrons are negatively charged, and neutrons
are neutral.
• A neutral atom has the same number of protons and electrons (charges cancel out).
• An ion has an unequal number of protons and electrons. If the charge is positive, there are more
protons than electrons. If the charge is negative, electrons are in excess.
• You can find the number of neutrons if you know the isotope of the atom. Simply subtract the
number of protons (the atomic number) from the mass number to find the remaining neutrons.

Get Basic Information About Elements

You'll need to gather basic information about the elements to find the number of protons,
neutrons, and electrons. Fortunately, all you need is a periodic table.

For any atom, what you need to remember is:

• Number of Protons = Atomic Number of the Element

• Number of Electrons = Number of Protons
• Number of Neutrons = Mass Number - Atomic Number

Find the Number of Protons

Each element is defined by the number of protons found in each of its atoms. No matter how
many electrons or neutrons an atom has, the element is defined by its number of protons. In fact, it's
actually possible to have an atom consisting of only a proton (ionized hydrogen). The periodic table is
arranged in order of increasing atomic number, so the number of protons is the element number. For
hydrogen, the number of protons is 1. For zinc, the number of protons is 30. The element of an atom
with 2 protons is always helium.

If you are given the atomic weight of an atom, you need to subtract the number of protons to get
the number of neutrons. Sometimes you can tell the elemental identity of a sample if all you have is the
atomic weight.

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Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Teacher: _____________________________________________ Section: ___________________

Find the Number of Electrons

For a neutral atom, the number of electrons is the same as the number of protons.

Often, the number of protons and electrons is not the same, so the atom carries a net positive
or negative charge. You can determine the number of electrons in an ion if you know its charge. A
cation carries a positive charge and has more protons than electrons. An anion carries a negative

charge and has more electrons than protons. Neutrons do not have a net electric charge, so the number
of neutrons does not matter in the calculation. The number of protons of an atom cannot change via
any chemical reaction, so you add or subtract electrons to get the correct charge. If an ion has a 2+
charge, like Zn2+, this means there are two more protons than electrons.

30 - 2 = 28 electrons

If the ion has a 1- charge (simply written with a minus superscript), then there are more electrons
than the number of protons. For F-, the number of protons (from the periodic table) is 9 and the number
of electrons is:

9 + 1 = 10 electrons

Find the Number of Neutrons

To find the number of neutrons in an atom, you need to find the mass number for each
element. The periodic table lists the atomic weight for each element, which can be used to find mass
number, For silicon, for example, the atomic weight is 32.065. Each atom has an integer number of
neutrons, but the periodic table gives a decimal value because it is a weighted average of the number
of neutrons in the isotopes of each element. So, what you need to do is round the atomic weight to the
nearest whole number to get a mass number for your calculations.

For silicon, 32.065 is closer to 32 or 33, so let's call it 32.

Number of Neutrons = Mass Number - Number of Protons = 32 – 16 = 15

For zinc, the atomic weight is 65.409, so the mass number is closest to 65.

Number of Neutrons = 65 - 30 = 35

Problem

How can you determine the chemical symbol of an ion with eight protons and ten electrons?

Answer

The number of protons given is eight. Oxygen is the element in the periodic table with the atomic
number 8. If it is a neutral oxygen atom, there are also eight electrons around the nucleus. Since there
are ten electrons in the given problem, however, this indicates that the oxygen atom gained two
electrons. This gives oxygen a charge of 2-. The sign is negative because the atom gains electrons
so that there are more electrons in the structure than the protons. Therefore, the chemical symbol for
the oxygen ion is O-2.

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-03

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Teacher: _____________________________________________ Section: ___________________

Practice Exercise 1

DIRECTIONS: Complete the data in the table using your Periodic Table of Elements.

Hypothetical Element Symbol C H E M

Atomic number 9 8

Number of electrons 18 10

Number of protons 8

Number of neutrons 10 7

Mass number 32

Practice Exercise 2

DIRECTIONS: Using the data determine the number of protons, electrons, neutrons and mass number
of the following ions. Write your answer in the table below.
1. 14 2. 16

N3- O2-
7 8

3. 19 4. 80

F- Br-
9 35

5. 32

S2-
16

Ions Number of protons Number of electrons Number of neutrons Mass number

1. N3- 7 7

2. O2- 10 16

3. F- 10 19

4. Br- 35 36

5. S2- 16 16

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-03

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Teacher: _____________________________________________ Section: ___________________

• Identify three (3) ions, write their formulas and give the functions of each.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

GENERALIZATION:
• An ion is a charged atom or a charged group of atom.
• Anion is an atom that gains electrons. Anion has more electrons than protons and becomes
negatively charged particle.
• Number of Protons = Atomic Number of the Element
• Number of Electrons = Number of Protons
• Number of Neutrons = Mass Number - Atomic Number

EVALUATION:
DIRECTIONS: Read and understand the question. Choose the best answer by putting it on the space
provided.
_____ 1. An atom becomes ___________ when it gains electrons.
A. Indivicible
B. Negative
C. Neutral
D. Positive

_____ 2. All statements are true EXCEPT:

A. An isotope is any of the two or more atoms of an element having the same atomic mass but
different atomic number.
B. Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
C. The number of protons in an atom is the atomic number.
D. Mass number is equal to atomic number.

_____ 3. How many electrons, protons and neutrons are present in 3480 Se2-?
A. 34 electrons, 34 protons, 46 neutrons
B. 36 electrons, 34 protons, 46 neutrons
C. 36 electrons, 36 protons, 46 neutrons
D. 34 electrons, 36 protons, 46 neutrons

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Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Teacher: _____________________________________________ Section: ___________________

_____ 4. What is common among or to the following species: N3-, O2-, Na+ and Mg2+?
A. Mass number
B. Number of protons
C. Number of electrons
D. Number of neutrons

_____5. Anions are ___________ that form ___________ ions and ___________ electrons.
A. Nonmetals, negative, gain
B. Nonmetals, positive, lose
C. Metals, positive, gain
D. Metals, positive, lose

References
Book references:
Science and Technology 8 pages 47 2to 56 by Zonia Medina-Gerona et. al.

Online references:
Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "How Many Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons in an Atom?" ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020,
thoughtco.com/protons-neutrons-and-electrons-in-an-atom-603818.

Prepared by:
JONALYN BACCANI-GALI
Pasay City South High School

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 MODULE CODE: PASAY-S8MT-Q3-W6-04

Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Subject Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION-NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

MODULE IN SCIENCE 8 (MATTER)

THIRD QUARTER/ WEEK 6/ DAY 4

OBJECTIVE: This module is intended to determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a
particular atom. Specifically, it aims to illustrate how the sub-atomic particles are distributed in an
atom/anion/cation.

KEY CONCEPTS:
• In the previous lesson, students learned about the most fundamental idea that matter occupies space
and has mass. All matter is composed of elements, substances that cannot be broken down or
transformed chemically into other substances. Each element is made of atoms, with a constant number
of protons and unique properties.
- As stated earlier, each element has its own unique properties. Each contains a different number of
protons and neutrons, giving it its own atomic number and mass number. The atomic number of an
element is equal to the number of protons that element contains, it is also the number that identify
the atoms of an element.

• In this module, the students will illustrate how these sub-atomic particles are distributed in an atom /
anion / cation.
- Atoms of elements have no charge because the number of positively charged protons in the nucleus
is equal to the number of negatively charged electrons outside the nucleus. Mono-atomic ions are
formed when one or more than one electron is lost or gained by an atom.
- An atom that losses an electron will form a positively charged ion (cation). By gaining e- a negatively
charged ion is formed. Atoms lost or gained electrons in order to fulfill the OCTET RULE and have
full outer valence electron shells, to achieve stability.
- In monoatomic ion, the number of proton is not numerically equal to the number of electron

Note that the value of the positive charge indicates the number of electron (e-) lost,
while the value of the negative charge indicates the number of electron (e-) gained.

Let us analyze the two diagrams (atom/cation/anion)

References for further enhancement:

Book: BSE- Department of Education; Science and Technology III… Science and Technology for a Better Life 3-Chemistry)
Science & Technology LM & TG
G8 & G9 Module PCSHS/SLM’s
Online References:
https://www.austincc.edu/tav/1408adobe/1408chemistry.pdf
https://youtu.be/zcOF0QSlf2E?list=PLi8sJ5jarQsyUiIn4rUA71ecODy3o9Md5
https://betterlesson.com/lesson/628458/common-ionization-states
https://sciencenotes.org/what-is-the-difference-between-an-atom-and-an-ion/

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Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Subject Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

Illustration on how sub-atomic particles are distributed in an atom/anion/cation.

Table 1. The difference between a neutral atom and the mono-atomic ion of Sodium and Oxygen

Sodium Sodium Oxygen Oxygen

atom ion atom ion

(+) proton 11 11 (+) proton 8 8

(-) 11 10 (-) 8 10
electron electron

Net 0 1+ Net 0 2-
charge charge

symbol 11Na Na1+ symbol 8O O2-

Table 2. The atomic structure and the ions formed of some mono-atomic ions.

Atom Ion Formed Symbol of Ion

1.

Ca+2

Calcium atom (Ca) Calcium ion

2.

P-3

Phosphorus atom (P) Phosphide ion

3.

Al+3

Aluminum atom (Al) Aluminum ion

In general, anions are larger than the neutral atom, since adding electron increases the
number of electron-electron repulsion interactions. Cations are smaller than the corresponding
neutral atoms, since the valence electrons, which are farthest away from the nucleus, are lost.

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Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Subject Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

Let’s review first!

7 +1
3 Li
A. Consider the lithium ion shown in the notation above.
1. How many protons are there in the lithium ion? ______________
2. How many neutrons are there in this lithium ion? _____________
3. How many electrons are there in the lithium ion? _____________
4. What is the atomic number of lithium? ______________________
5. What happens to the number of electrons, lost or gained? ______

B. Based from figure 1 below, check the box if the statement is CORRECT

/ 6. When an atom like phosphorus gains an electron, it becomes an anion.

7. The Ba+2 ion is formed when Barium atom loses 2 electrons.

8. Anions carry a positive charge.

9. Se2- and P3- ions have the same number of protons.

10. Se2- ion is formed when Selenium atom gained 2 electrons.

Figure 1. Formation of Anions and Cations of Some Elements

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Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Subject Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

Practice Exercise #1

It seems so easy right! Let’s do the practice exercise.

Analyze the difference between a neutral atom from the monoatomic ion,

based from the given example:

Potassium Potassium
Potassium (3919K)
atom ion

(+) proton 19 19

(-) electron 19 18

Net charge 0 1+

Symbol K K1+

1. For Potassium atom:

Determine the number of p+, e- and n0, given the mass number and atomic number of the element.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

2. For Potassium ion:

Determine the number of p+, e- and n0, given the mass number and atomic number of the element.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Practice Exercise #2

Determine the number of p+, e- and n0 of the following mono-atomic ions

Mono-atomic ions p+ e- n0
64 Cu2+ 29 27 35
29

28 Si4- 14 18 14
14

80 Br1-
35

16 O2-
8

7 Li1+
3

27 Al3+
13

Generalization:
In this module, you have learned that…
1. An atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense nucleus
composed of positively charged protons and neutral neutrons, which
is surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons. If an atom
has the same number of protons and electrons, it is electronically
neutral. However, if the total number of electrons does not equal the
number of protons, the atom has a net electrical charge.
2. In mono-atomic ion, the number of proton is not numerically equal to
the number of electron
3. An atom that losses an e- will form a positively charged ion(cation). By
gaining e- a negatively charged ion is formed.

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Name: ________________________________________________ Date: ______________________

Subject Teacher: _______________________________________ Section: ___________________

REFLECTION

3 things I learned from this topic: ________________________________________________________

2 things I like about the topic: ___________________________________________________________

1 thing I am still not sure about the topic: __________________________________________________

EVALUATION:

Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Give the complete chemical symbol for the nuclide that contains 18protons, 18 electrons, and 22 neutrons
A. 40 18 Ar B. 36 18 Ar C. 18 40 Ar D. 22 18 Ar
2. What would be the number of electrons of Cu2+ if its atomic no. is 29?
A. 27 B. 28 C. 29 D. 31
3. What is the number of electrons of O2- if its atomic number is 8?
A. 8 B. 10 C. 11 D. 12
4. Which of the following subatomic particles is numerically equal to the atomic number?
A. electron B. neutron C. proton D. proton and neutron
5. Atomic mass could be determined by _______.
A. neutron B. proton C. electron D. proton and neutron
6. What will happen to the number of electrons if the charge of the atom is negative?
A. decrease
B. increase
C. remains the same
D. either increase or decrease

7. Which of the following has 16 electrons?

A. 13 Al 3+ B. 17Cl 1- C. 16 S D. 16 S 2-

8. Which of the following does NOT contain 10 electrons?

A. 8 O 2- B. 9 F 1- C. 7 N 3- D. 15 P 3-

9. What is the formula of the ion formed when potassium achieves noble-gas configuration?
A. K 2+ B. K 1+ C. K 1- D. K 2-

10. Aluminum has an atomic number of 13 and atomic mass of 27. Which of the following sets of proton,
electrons and neutron is correct for aluminum after losing of 3 electrons?
A. 13, 13, 14 B. 13, 10, 14 C. 13, 13, 27 D. 13, 14, 2

Prepared by:
Olivet T. Nepomuceno
Pasay City South High School

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