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Atoms in Radiation II

This document discusses radiative and non-radiative transitions between energy levels in atoms. It explains that radiative transitions occur with the absorption or emission of radiation, while non-radiative transitions do not involve radiation and can occur through energy exchange with surroundings. The principle of laser is then described, noting that stimulated emission produces photons that are in phase and travel together, allowing for amplification of radiation in a system with many atoms. Lasers work on this principle of amplification by stimulated emission to produce an intense beam of coherent light.

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Catherine Paschal
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115 views4 pages

Atoms in Radiation II

This document discusses radiative and non-radiative transitions between energy levels in atoms. It explains that radiative transitions occur with the absorption or emission of radiation, while non-radiative transitions do not involve radiation and can occur through energy exchange with surroundings. The principle of laser is then described, noting that stimulated emission produces photons that are in phase and travel together, allowing for amplification of radiation in a system with many atoms. Lasers work on this principle of amplification by stimulated emission to produce an intense beam of coherent light.

Uploaded by

Catherine Paschal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Atoms in Radiation

Part II
Prepared by Catherine Paschal
Mwenge Catholic University

Catherine Paschal @MWECAU 1


Radiative and Non-radiative Transitions
• Transitions between energy levels that occur with the
absorption or emission of radiation are called radiative
transitions.
• Transitions that occur without the absorption or
emission of radiation are called non-radiative
transitions.
• Non-radiative transition occurs mainly because of
exchange of energy between the system and its
surroundings.
• They are very common in laser materials.
Principle of Laser
• The photon emitted by a stimulated emission process
and the photon that triggered the emission will be in
phase, and will travel in the same direction.
• In a system having a large number of atoms, this
process can occur many times, giving rise to a
substantial amplification of the incident radiation.
• Lasers are devices that work on this principle of
amplification by stimulated emission.
• If we have a collection of atoms in the excited state, the
build up of an intense beam is illustrated in Fig. below.
• At each stage, a photon interacts with an excited atom
and produces two photons.
Laser ≡ light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
Principle of Laser

Build up of an intense beam in a laser. Each photon interacts with


an excited atom, giving rise to two photons.

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