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Engine Theory (Lecture 3) : Methanol

This document discusses different types of fuels that can be used in engines: Methanol is an alcohol fuel that is produced from natural gas. It has a high octane number but has problems with poor solubility in gasoline and toxicity. Propane is also known as LPG and is similar to gasoline chemically but is stored as a liquid in pressurized vessels. Combustion in diesel engines involves high pressure mixture formation followed by ignition. The combustion process occurs in two phases - an initial uncontrolled rapid combustion phase followed by a slower combustion phase until maximum temperature is reached.

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Hellena Vivian
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46 views

Engine Theory (Lecture 3) : Methanol

This document discusses different types of fuels that can be used in engines: Methanol is an alcohol fuel that is produced from natural gas. It has a high octane number but has problems with poor solubility in gasoline and toxicity. Propane is also known as LPG and is similar to gasoline chemically but is stored as a liquid in pressurized vessels. Combustion in diesel engines involves high pressure mixture formation followed by ignition. The combustion process occurs in two phases - an initial uncontrolled rapid combustion phase followed by a slower combustion phase until maximum temperature is reached.

Uploaded by

Hellena Vivian
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENGINE THEORY (LECTURE 3)

ii. Methanol
This is another type of fuel with formula CH3OH.
It is also an alcohol which is produced from Natural gas
It has got a high-octane number (good anti-knock quality)
Can be used in low-concentration in gasoline to increase octane number of the mixture.
This fuel is mixed with about 15% gasoline to improve to improve on cold starting quality.

Problems associated with methanol


❖ Poor solubility in gasoline
❖ Toxicity
❖ Low energy content
❖ High oxygen content

iii. Propane
This is also referred to as liquefied petroleum gas (LP gas).
LPG is similar to gasoline chemically.
it is store as a liquid in pressurized vessels. It burns, cleans due to being vaporized at
atmospheric temperature.

iv. Hydrogen fuel


MAKE YOUR OWN RESEARCH ON HYDROGEN FUEL ** MR SSEVUME SAID SO

COMBUSTION
This is the process under which fuel is converted into heat energy, for propelling the vehicle.
Combustion process is characterized by mixture formation followed by exothermal reaction (through
ignition process.)
There different combustion process depending on the mixture formation and ignition methods.

COMBUSTION IN DIESEL ENGINE


The process here starts with mixture being introduced into the combustion chamber at very high
pressure.
Then ignition takes place.
The stages of mixture formation, ignition and exothermal stages do not occur at once.
There is a delay in completion of each stage or ignition lag before other stages take place.

The time lag will be due to the following;

a. Ignition quality of the fuel


b. The combustion ratio of the combustion chamber
c. Final compression temperature
d. Load condition of the engine such as temperature

PHASE OF COMBUSTUION IN DIESEL ENGINE


➢ Fuel has to be injected in the compressed air
➢ The compressed air is at temperature of 4500c to 550c. and pressure between 3.0MPa to 4MPa.
(these values are much high in supper charged engines) where intake air is c compressed at
much temp and pressure.

PHASE I
Uncontrolled combustion phase or rapid combustion phase.
During this phase, temp and pressure rapidly increases to over 5000c owing to the combustion of the
introduced fuel.
The rapidity of the process increases due to MULTIPLE IGNITION PPOINTS in the combustion
chamber.
The multiple combustion leads to increased pressure and as well generates combustion noise in the
chamber.

NB-

• The termination of this phase is characterized by the point of maximum pressure.


• The maximum pressure point will depend on the quality and amount of fuel burnt.

PHASE II
This is a phase of slow combustion. This phase continues until maximum temperature is reached in
the combustion chamber.
Here, the pressure change is not considered much here due to increase volume of the combustion
chamber but the temperature will be high. The high temperature will correspond to mean
temperature of circle.

NB-
End of this phase is characterized by the point of highest temperature.
After attaining the maximum temperature heating of the mixture still continues under a process
called AFTER BURNING.
The rate after burning process depends on velocity of diffusion and turbulent mixing of the air with
the remaining unburnt mixture with the products of incomplete combustion mixture.

** FASTLANE MIND

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