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Numpy - Arrays

This document provides an overview of basic NumPy array operations including: 1) Creating arrays from lists, specifying dimensions, and generating random arrays. Attributes like shape and methods like flatten() and reshape() are introduced. 2) Indexing, slicing, and sorting arrays. Slicing allows extracting subsets of values. Sorting puts values in ascending order by row or column. 3) Filtering arrays using boolean masks, fancy indexing, and np.where(). Masks extract matching values. np.where() returns indices or can replace values. 4) Concatenating arrays vertically and deleting rows or columns using np.concatenate() and np.delete().

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37 views2 pages

Numpy - Arrays

This document provides an overview of basic NumPy array operations including: 1) Creating arrays from lists, specifying dimensions, and generating random arrays. Attributes like shape and methods like flatten() and reshape() are introduced. 2) Indexing, slicing, and sorting arrays. Slicing allows extracting subsets of values. Sorting puts values in ascending order by row or column. 3) Filtering arrays using boolean masks, fancy indexing, and np.where(). Masks extract matching values. np.where() returns indices or can replace values. 4) Concatenating arrays vertically and deleting rows or columns using np.concatenate() and np.delete().

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import numpy as np

1) BASICS

# arrys also called tensors (3D+) , vectors (1D array), matrixes (2D array)
# numpy arrays only accepts values of the same type

np.array(list) # creates an array given the list, if list of lists, it is a matrix,


a 2d array and so on
np.zeros((2,4)) # creates an array with 2 rows and 4 columns with 0 values
np.random.random((2,4)) # creates an array with 2 rows and 4 columns with random
values between 0 and 1
np.arange(-3,4) # creates one line array with numbers from -3 to 3 (4 not included)
np.arange(4) # numpy understand it as np.arange(0,4), which means a one row array
from value that starts at 0 and ends at 3
np.arange(-3,4,3) # the third argument is the step... so it goes from -3 to 0 to
3... an array with these 3 values

# Atributes

.shape # shows number of rows and columns

# Methods

.flatten() # flattens a n dimension into a 1D array


.reshape((2,3)) # takes an array with 3 rows and 2 columns and turns into an array
with 2 rows and 3 columns

2) INDEXING, SLICING, SORTING

array[1] # gets the 2nd positioned value in a 1D array


array[1,2] # gets the value in the 2nd row and 3rd column of a 2D array

# if array[1] is passed in a 2d array, it returns the whole 2nd row


# if array[:,1] is passed in a 2d array, it returns the whole 2nd column

array[2:4] # slices a 1D array getting only the 3rd and 4th values eg [0,1,2,3,4]
turns [2,3]
array[2:4, 2:4] # slices a 2D array getting 3rd and 4th row values within the 3rd
and 4th column
array[2:4:2, 2:4:2] # adding a third parameter is the step, in this case will jump
a value

np.sort(array) # sorts the values in ascending order for each row... so small
values first and then higher values at the end of the row
# by default axis=1, but can change axis=0 to sort the columns (directions along
rows are axis 0 and columns are axis 1)
np.sort(array,axis=0) # sort the axis 0 (directions along rows or the column
values) in ascending order

3) FILTERING

# Fancy indexing: creates a boolean mask and then applies it to the array
mask = array % 2 == 0 # will get only even numbers
array[mask] # filters the True values and returns the filtered array
array[array % 2 == 0] # this one-liner also works

# np.where: returns the index of the values


np.where(array % 2 == 0) # returns the index of the values
# np.where can also be used to replace
np.where(array == 0, '', array) # all 0 values will be replaced by ''

4) CONCATENATE, DELETE

np.concatenate((array1, array2)) # concatenates vertically, must have same


dimension in the 'glued' side
np.delete(array,1,axis=0) # deletes 2nd row in the 0 axis, if axis=1, deletes the
2nd column

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