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(Reaffirmed 2018) ( Reaffirmed 2004 )
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IS: 1501- 1963

(keafrll'llleci 1990)

Indian Standard
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR
BENDING AND FIXING OF BARS FOR
CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT

Joint Sectional Committee for Concrete Reinforcement, BSMDC 8

Chairman Represenling
SHRI C. P. l\hLIK National Buildings Construction Corporation Ltd,
New Delhi

lIf"mhrrs
SHRI K. F. A:-ITIA M. N. Dastur & Co (I\rivate) Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI n. B. BHATTACHAif]EE I.R.C. Weld mesh Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI N. G. DEWAN Central Public \Vorks 'Department
SHRI .K . C . RAjAGOPALAN (.1ltc/'Iwlf)
SHRI V. DORASWAMY Iron & Steel Control, Calcutta
SHRI K. R . N. SWAMY (A/lnualr)
SHRI n. N. GUPTA The Steel Rc-rolling Mills Association of India,
Ca\cntta
SIIRI P. K. GUPTE National Metallurgical Laboratory (CSIR),
]amshedpur
SHRI :\1. A. HA FEE z National Buildings Organization (Ministry of
Works, Housing & Rehabilitation)
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR (DE-
SIGNS) (A IIrrnate)
SHRI HARCHAND SINGH Indian Steel & \Vire Products Ltd, Jamshedpur
SHRI R. R . K~PLlSH (Altrruntr )
JOINT DIRECTOR · STAXDARDS Railway Boarel (Ministry of Railways)
(B & S), RESEARCH, DESIGNS &
STANDARDS ORGANIZATION
SHRI K. N. KUDALKAR Gammon India Ltd, Bombay
DR A. K. MAl_LlK Hindustan Steel Ltd, Rourkela
DR A. KHAN (Alternate)
(Continued on page 2)

BlJREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MA"iAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELH[ 110002
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IS: 2502 - 1963

(Contillued from page 1)

M el1lbers Representing
SHRl S. C. l\lAwMD.\R Gannon Dunkerley It Co Ltd, New Delhi
SHal S. K. GUH .. THAKURTA (Altunate)
SHRI N. H. MOHILE The Concrete Association of India, Bombay
SlIIn C . L. N. IYJo:N".\j{ (.il/omlte)
SHIH M. 1'. N.\G.\N~IlETIi Roads Wing. Ministry of Transport It Com-
munications
SUN[ G. YENKATESULU (Allerhufe)
SHRI E. K. N. NAMJ!IAR Directorate General of Supplies &: Disp0S31s
(Ministry of. Economic &: Defence Co-prdina-
tion)
Dr,!. C. Dos M. PAIS CIlDDOU Central \Vater &: Power Commission (Ministry of
Irrigation & Power)
SHRI Y. K. MURTHY (Alternate)
SHRl B. K. PANTHAKY Hindustan Construction Co Ltd, Bombay
SUR I RADlIEY SHIAM Engineer-in-Chiefs Branch. Army Headquarters
PROF G. S. R.,MASWAMY Central Building Research Institute (CSIR),
Roorkce
SHRl Ie SIVA PRASAP (Alternate)
SECRETARY Central Board of Irrigation &: Power, New DeIhl
SHRI V. 1\1. TALATI Spunpipe &: Construction Co (Baroda) Ltd,
Baroda
SHRI Y. L. TANDON Railway Testing & Research Centre (Railway
Board). Lucknow
SHRI N. M. THADANI Sahu Cement Service, New Delhi
DR H. C. VISVESVARAVA. Director, lSI (Ex-officio Ml'mber)
Deputy Director (Bldg)

Secretary
SHRI A. PRITHIVI RAJ
Extra Assistant Director (Bldg), lSI

2
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IS: 2502- 1963

Indian Standard
CODE OF PRAUTICE FOR
BENDING AND FIXING OF BARS FOR
CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT

O. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted hy the Indian Standards In~tit\ltion
on 21 September 1963, aftrr the draft finalized hy tlw Joint Sectional
Committee for Concrete }{I'inforcement had been approw(\ hy tIll' Building
Djvi~ion Council and thp Structural and Metals Division Council.

0.2 This standard is prepared with a view to assisting designl'rs, engineers

and COil tractors in drawing tip precise hC'nding schrduks for reinforccm('J1t
used in reinforced concrete construction, and also in the fixing of reinforce-
ment. Though, it is well appreciated that much of time and effort can be
saved on the site if rational dimensions for shaping the bars are supplied to
the bar benders; different practices have been followed hitherto in drawing
up the bar bending schedule. It is attempted in this standard to unify
the various practices followed and to rationalize the hrnuing schrdulc to
correspond with metric ~eries of reinforcement.
0.3 Bar bending is an operation which requires adequate -- supervision,
skilled workmanship and effic~ent equipment; and any attempt to carry
out the work with unskilled labour and inefficient tools will undoubtedly
result in unsatisfactory work. In view of this, certain recommended
methods of bar bending are also included in this standard.
0.4 Though this standard is primarily intended for the preparation of
bending schedule for reinforced concrete work, it may also be generally
adopted for mild steel r('inforcement used in pre!'ltressed concrete work.
0.5 The Sectional Committee responsible for the preparation of this stan-
dard has taken into consid('ration the views of producers, consumers and
technologists and has related the standard to the manufacturing and
trade practices followed in the country in this-field. Due weightage has
also been given to the need for international co-ordipation among stan-
dards prevailing in different countries of the world. These considerations
led the Committee to derive assistance from the following Publications:
DRAFT REVISION OF B.S. 1478: 1948 BENDING DIMENSIONS AND
SCHEDULING OF BARS FOR THE REINFORCEMENT OF CONCRETE.
British Standards Institution.

3
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IS: 1501 ~
1963
ACI 315-1951 MANUAL OF STANDARD PRACTICE FOR DETAILING
REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES. American Concrete Institute.
0.6 Wherever a reference to any Indian Standard appears in this code, it
shall be taken as a reference to its latest version.
0.7 This standard is intended chiefly to cover the technical provisions
relating to bending and fixing of bars for concrete reinforcement, and it
does not include all the necessary provisions of a contract.

1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers symbols and approximate dimensions of bends,
and bending and fixing procedures for reinforcement,
1.2 The dimensioning and bending of bars specified in this standard applies
principally to reinforcement bars conforming to*IS: 432-1960 Specification
for Mila. Steel and Medium Tensile Steel Bars and Hard-Drawn Steel Wire
for Concrete Reinforcement (Revised). They may also be used in the case
of bars conforming to the following specifications with such modifications
as may be found necessary:
tIS: 1139-1959 HOT ROLLED MILD STEEL AND MEDIUM TENSILE STEEL
DEFORMED BARS FOR CONCRETE REINFORCEMENT
tIS: 1786-1961 COLD-TWJs'f'£O STU)' BARS FOR CONCRETE REINFOR-
CEMENT
2. FORM OF SCHEDULE
2.1 In conjunction with the requirements of this code, standard form 01
reinforcement schedule as shown in Table I shall be used for purposes of
detailing reinforcement in concrete work.
3. BEND DIMENSIONS AND SYMBOLS
3.1 General - The dimensions of bends should be so given that a minimum
amount of calculation is necessary for marking off bars and setting the
machine and stops. The dimensioning procedure shown in Fig. 1 and
Tables II to IX (see p. 7 to 14) should be adopted as far as possible.
3.1.1 Where no indication is given to the contrary, the angle between
the portions of a bar at a bend shall be assumed to be a right angle. Bending
dimensions in which angles are expressed in degrees should be avoided
as far <lS possible. When bending ~rs of large diameter, care should be
taken to ensure that the overall length of the bent bar does not exceed the
theoretical or calculated length.
3.1.2 When the shape of any bent bar is other than those covered by
Tables III to IX but is made up by combining two or more shapes. the
"Since second revision issued as IS: 432 (Part I )-1966 and IS: 432 (Part II )-1966.
~in('e revised.
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IS: 2502 -1963

TABLE I STANDARD FORM OF REINFORCEMENT SCHEDULE

(Clau;e 2.1)

Schedule Number
---
LOCA- MARK SIZE NUMBER I NUMIH:R I TOTAL LENGTH SIIA PE (ALL
TIOS Dl£SIG- AND OF PER NUMBER DIM ENSIONS
NATION TYPE SETS SET ARE IN
Acco RDANCE
WIT H nlls
STA NDARD
U NLESS
0TH ERWISE
ST AU:D)
I
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) I (8)
I (7)
Column C44R
2SN
IMS25 round
mm
5 4 20 3000mm[ Straight

NOTE 1 - The recommended widths of the above columns are reading from
left to right 25. 20. 15. 15. 15. 1"5. IS and 75 mm . The 75 mm dimension may
be reduced to 70 mm for paper sizes other than *A4. Adequate margin should be
provided on either side. the leftchand margin being not less than 15 mm . The
length of the form should not generally exceed that of • A4 size.
NoTl': 2 - In col 2. the bar identification that will be put on the labels attached
to the bars shall appear. It should be simple. The first number in the mark
designatior> refers to the number of identical bars in similar locations in the same
section of a given member. and the letter R refers to round bars. the figure that
follows the letter R represents the diameter or the nominal size of the bar in
millimetres and N represents the identification number of the bar/bars given
consecutively. .
NOTE 3 - In col 3. the quality and basic shape of the reinforcement bar shall
be specified .
*A4 size is 210 x 297 mm.

bending dimensions shaD be measured as shown for appropriate standard

shapes. Wh~re the shape of a bent- bar is such that it cannot be obtained
even by combining two or ~ore standard shapes, tlie bars shall be fully
dimensioned in the schedule and also the method of measuring the bending
dimensions shall be indicated in the schedule; but such special shapes should
be avoided as far as possible.
3.1 Bends and Hooks Fc.rmln~ End Anchora~es
3.2.1 Di."u:nsiot/s of Bends and Hooks - Unless otherwise indicated in
the schedule, a semicircular hook or a bend forming an anchorage to a bar
shall be bent with an internal radius in accordance with Fig. lA and
Fig. IB, Iespectively. The hook and bend allowances shall be in
accordance with Table II.

5
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IS: 2502 - 1963

" . ••
IA Hook IB Bend
NOTE 1 -- k has a value of 2, in the case of mild stcel conforming to"'IS: 432-
1960 Specification for Mild Steel and Me(lium Tensile Steel Bars and Hard-Drawn
Steel Wire for Concrete Rcinforccmcnt(Uevised) ortIS: 1139-1959 Specilication for
Hot Rolled Mild Steel and Medium Tensile Steel Deformed Bars ior Concrete
Reinforcement; 3, in the casc of medium tensile steel conforming to"'IS: 432-1960
oItlS: It~!)-195!); and 4, in the case of cold worked steel conforming totIS: 1786-
1961Specificatiun for Cold Twisted Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement. In
the case uf bars above 2S mm, huwever, it is desirable to increase the Ii value to
3, 4 and 6 respectively.
NOTE 2 - Hand B refer to hook allowance and bend allowance respectively
(see Table II).
F)G. 1 STANDARD HOOK AND BEND

3.8 Binders, Stirrups, Links and the Like - In the case of binders,
stirrups, links, etc, the straight portion beyond end of the curve at the
end shall be not less than eight times the nominal size of the bar.

4. CURVED BARS
4.1 Bars specified to be formed to radii exceeding those given in Tabi.! X
(see p. 15) need not be bent, but the required curvature may be obtained
during placing.

5. BENDING AND CUTTING TOLERANCES

5.1 Bars shall be bent in accordance with the appropriate dimensions
shown in the schedule. Where an overall or an internal dimension of the
bent bar is specifIed, the tolerance, unless otherwise l>tated, shall be as in
Table XI (see p. 15).
5.1.1 Any excess in length of bar supplied over the total of the lengths
of the various portions of the bar between bends, including the specified
tolerances or not, shall be taken up in the end anchorages, or in that portion
of the bar which shall be indicated on the schedule. The cutting lengths
sholll be specified to the next greater whole 25 mm of the sum of the bending
dimensions and allowance.
·Since second revision issued as IS: 432 (Part I )-1966 and IS: 'B2 ( Part Ii )-1966.
tSince revised.
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(Clauses 3.1 and 3.2.1) [for non-commercial use only].
NOMINAL HOOK ALl.OWAN
--A-_ _ CE
_ (H)
_ _ _ _ _ _-,
BEND ALLO\\'A!'ICE (B )
SIZE OF
~Iedillm Tensile Cold Worked
.--
~lild Steel
"---- - ---- - -~
Medium Tensile Cold Worked
BAR Mild Steel
Conforming to Steel Conform ing St"eL Bars Conforming to Steel Conforming Steel Bars
-IS : 432-1960 to -IS: 432-1960 Conforming to -IS : 432-1960 to -IS : 432-1960 Conforming to
or to tIS : 1139- or to tIS: 1139- pS : 1786-1961 or to tIS: 1139- or to tIS : 1139- tIS : 1786-1961
1959 1959 1959 1959
,-------"---'"'" ,-----'---.. ,~ r------'-- ---,
, _ _ ..A _ _
. --,
r-- - .......... -~
Min Re- Mill Re- Min Re- Mill Re- Mill Re- M ill R c-
commd commd commd commd commd commd
mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm
5 75 75 75 75 75 75
6 75 75 75 75 75 75
8 75 90 105 75 75 75
10 90 110 130 75 75 75
12 110 130 155 75 75 75
16 145 175 210 80 90 95
20 180 220 260 100 110 120
22 200 240 285 110 120 130
25 225 275 325 125 140 150
28 250 310 310 365 365 475 146 155 155 170 170 19~
32 290 350 350 415 415 545 160 175 175 190 190 225
36 325 395 395 470 470 610 180 200 200 215 215 250
40 360 440 440 520 520 680 200 220 220 240 240 280
45 405 495 495 585 585 765 225 250 250 210 270 315

-""
50 450 550 550 650 650 850 250 275 275 300 300 350
H = Hook allowance taken as 9d .. 11d. 13d and 17d for k values 2. 3. 4 and 6 respecti\ dy and r ounded off to
the nearest 5 mm. but not less than 75 mm . 00
B = Bend allowance taken as 5d. S·5d. 6d and 7d for k values 2. 3. 4 and 6 respectivel y and roun ded off to
th e nearest 5 mm. but not less than 75 mm .
-IS : 432 ·1960 Specification for Mild Steel and Medium Tensile Steel Bars and Hard-Drawn Steel \\"ire for Con- m
<:)
crete Reinforcement (Revised) . (Since revi!ed).
tIS : 1139-1959 Specification for Hot Rolled Mild Steel and Medium Tensil e Stee l Deformed Ba rs for Co ncrete
Reinforcement. (Since revised).
! [S : 1786-1961 Specification for Cold Twisted Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement. (Sin ce re\·,sed). -""
-.c
0"-
~
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IS: 2502- 1963

TABLE III MEASUREMENT OF BENDING DIMENSIONS OF

BARS FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE
(Clauses 3.1 and 3.1.2)
----,.. _-_.
R EF METHElD OF MEASUREMENT OF ApPROX TOTAL SKETCH AND
No. BENDING DIMENSIONS LENGTH OF DIMENSIONS TO BE
BAR (L) MEASUR- GIVEN IN SCHEDULE
ED ALONG CENTRE
LINE

STR~'GHT
A
I [ .1 I

LE t -----l
I+H C
r

H--j r--- H

~ [~
c C :::>
1+2H r

--

B~
D I+B l
t
f .I

E
B~I :fl. 1+2B l
t
J

NOTE 1 - Where a hook is to be formed at right angles to the plane in which

the bending sketch of the bar is drawn in the schedule, the hook shall be in.
dicated as below and marked either • hook up ' or • hook down':
Hook up "--- Hook down _ _
NOTE 2 - Hand B refer to hook allowance and bend allowance respectively.

8
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IS: 2502 - 1963

TABLE IV MEASUREMENT OF BENDING DIMENSIONS OF BARS

FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE
(Clauses 3.1 alld 3.1.2J

:\fETHOD OF MEASUREMJ::NT OF Apl'ROX TOTAL

LENGTH OF BAR (L)
I SKE TC H A:'<Il
BENDING DDIENSIONS
;\lEASUBED ALONG
C_J::_N_T_R_
E_L_I_N_'E_ _
I DIM E :'<SIO:'<"
T O IJL GIVEK
IN SC HEOL'LL

I A I
~J
A \'Vhere C is more than
3D
A+C+E

- - - - - - - - 1 -- · ..------

~
If angle with horizontal
is 45 0 or less, and R is

~,~
12d or less
B A +C +.I£+2H or 1+
2H + C - V (} - DI
(If 1 is sp~cified, A or E
is omitted) I (See :\ otc 2)
I

If anf:l" with horizontal

is 45° ur less, and U is
12d or less
C A +C, +C.+E +F +
2H or I+C 1 +C 2 -; l.H
-VC1-Di -VC~ : n'1!
(If 1 is specified, A, E • (Set'
m F is omitted) I Kutc 2)

NOTE .1 - Where a houk is tu b" funned at ril!:ht angles to the plane in which
the bending sketch of the bar is drawn in the schedule, thc hook shall be in-
dicated a'l belo'w and marked either 'hook up' or 'huok down':
Hook up ' - - - Hook duwn ~--
NOTE 2 - The internal rt:dius H. shall be specifi<'d if it is other thau that givltl1
in 3.1.1.
NOTE 3 '- Hand B refer to hook alluwancl' and hend aHllwan!:e respl,cti'vcly.
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IS: 2502 - 1963

TABLE V MEASUREMENT OF BENDING DIMENSIONS OF BARS FOR

REINFORCED CONCRETE
(Clauses 3.1 and 3.1.2)
- -- - :'vIETHOD
REF .
- --------------;-----------------
OF MEASUREMENT
----
ApPROX TOTAL LENGTH SKETCH AND
No. OF BENDING DIMENSIONS OF BAn (L) MEASURED DIMENSIONS
A\ONG CENTRE LINE TO BIo: (iIVEN
IN SCHEDULE

A
r A
A +E-!R-d

% B
E~
(See Notes 2
and 3)

B A +E-!R-d+2B

(Sec Notes 2
and 3)

-- ---------

c A +E--IR-d+2H

(Su Notes 2
. and 3)

- --- - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _
1 __ _

NOT~ 1- Where a hook is to b. form.<I at ri~ht "n~les to tho. plane ill which tbe b.ndinj( sketch of
the ba r b tlrawlt in tht ' sC'h'''tiIl1t", th(> hook shall lK- inrHrated a:-. bf"low an" llIarkf -. l r:ithr{ j honk up I

or • hnonk ttnwn ' :

Hllo).; liP - - - H,')Ok clown _ - -
NOTE ~ - Th(, interllal radiu:, It ~hall bl~ spt:rifh'd if it i:-. other than that giv{'11 in 3.:2.1.
Non: 3 - H. If ;Iud d rch.'r to hook allowcUlce, bl'ntl aHowancc anu nOlliinal size of bar respectivel)',

10
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IS: 2502 - 1963

TABLE VI MEASUREMENT OF BENDING DIMENSIONS OF BARS

FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE
(Cla1fses 3.1 and 3.1.2)
- - ------ -_.... - .. ---_._--
REI" I :\leTHOD OF MEASt:RE~IE~T ApPROX TOTAL LEN(;,),H OF- SKETCH AND
No. I OF BENDING DIMeNSION» IhR (I.) MEASl'RED ALONG DJ~fESSJONS
CENTRE LINE TO Ilf. G IVEN
I", S e ll E DL'l.E

- ITf! \ A
I S1
A I A +E + l1D + 2H A~
~E--J
------ --1I
If angle with horizontal is45° k?
B or. less I -/~
A+E I A

d- J
I
i (See ~()te 2)

Ifanglewith. horizontaii,;4S
or less and R is 12d or less
c
I
C A ~E+2H I RE
If angle is greater than 4S C A
and R exceeds 12d. L to be
calculated I (Se e Note 2)
-----------1---------
If angle with horizontal is 45
or less
0
!. ~Y
D A+B·.l-C-t·H-2(R+d) B R l
If angle is greater than 45 " I c
and R exceeds 12d, L to ,
be calculated "
, (See Note 2)

E '+2H ~
t
(See Note 2)

lok>n 1 - Where a hook is to b. iormecl at ri~ht angles to the plane in which the bendillg sketch
of lMIJ i~ drnwn in th(' schf'ci1lh.. thp hook shall be indicated as below and marked either' hook up'
or • fiook down':
Hook up ---~-- Hook down _ - -
NOTE ~ - The internal radius R shall be sl'ecified if it is other than that given in 3.1.1.
NOTE 3 - Hand B refor to hook allowance and bend allowance Tespectively.
NOTE 4 - Dimensions X and Y should be practkal dimensions to enable the angle oj Ihe bend 10 be
determined.

11
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IS: 2502 - 1963

TABLE VII MEASUREMENT OF BENDING DIMENSIONS OF BARS FOR REINFORCJi;D

CONCRETE

I Claw".' :l.1 and :1.1.2)

---~~

REF I ~IETHon OF ~fF:,"S{jln:~F.ST OF ApjtROX TOTAL LF.NGTH OF BAR SKF.TCH AND DIMEN-
:-10. ! BF.NPTSr. J)IMF:-';~TO"'!'lo (.1.) MEASURE" ALoSe CENTRE SfON~ 10 flr. GIVJ'N
LINE IN· SCHF.DtlLF.
-I
i

A
I
.4+£+25+2H+"
~s
(S" Notes 1
nnd 2 )

B
-(' r ~'.f-l.
E~
T
. A .t+E+SS+2d+B+H ~ 5_~
E__
-T

" 5 0 (S" Not •• 1

'-H)_L and 2)

I t-E XI-h
C .t+E+C+2H- VC'-D'-D !
I
i
1fA _I

1
I (Sa Note 1

D E+i(.t-D+C+Hl I ~?K;rTo A
:
~
II Not. 1)
(gil

~
!I:
H
R~

H
C A

/~
I+2CHH
I
I

II
6-r E
C
-l
A

II 2C+2E,+1+2H
yT
r-E~

R ~
C A

(.S" Note 1)

NoT. 1 - Th. internnlradiuo N shnll be .pecilied If It i, other than that given in 3.2.1.
NOTI 2 - H, Band d rofH to hook allowance, bend allowaDce and. nominal sile 01 bar respeetive!y.

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TABLE VIII MEASUREMENT OF BENDING DIMENSIONS FOR BINDERS, STIRRUPS,
LINKS AND THE LIKE FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE
(Clall'" 3.1 4"d 3.1.2)
REF I M~TKOD OF )fEASUREMENT OP ApPRO,X TOTAL LENGTH OF SKETCH AND DIMEN'
No.
I'---------------------
BENDING DIMENSION BAR (L) MEASURED ALONG
CENTRE LINE
SION'S TO BE GJVEN
IN SCHEDULII

(See Notes 1 and 3)

:1 I
I
2('{+£)+204

(5" Notes 1 and 3)

---- --------------------- -----------------
c U+£H84

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 (S .. Note. 1 and 3)

])

(5., Notes 1 and 8)

E 2.4+£+C+1I4+B

(5" Notes 1 and S)

~\ ~ --6C-+2u--I-~--::-I-I
~E~
____________________________1
II . (5 .. Notts 1 and 3)

G \1 ~,
hR~E~
'CH04 I

I~~~
~t
---I (SIINotes 1 and 8)
Non: 1 - Tbe internal radius R of the' cornen of binders, stirrups, etc, shall be specified if It is otber
d.an tbat given in 3.3,1.
NOTE 2 - If tbe form of tbe bir il such that there may be doubt as to whicb is tbe inside of tbe
bar. arrows Ihould be shown on tbe bendinlt schedule and tbe dimension stated with the IUtll.. OD or
ID .(out$ide or inlide dimenlion). -.
NOTE 8 - Band 4 refer '0 bend allowance and nominal sile of bar respectively.

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IS: 2502- 1963

TABLE IX MEASUREMENT OF BENDING DIMENSIONS FOR

BINDERS, STIRRUPS, LINKS AND THE LIKE POR
REINFORCED CONCflETE
(Clauses 3.1 and 3.1.2)

REF! METHOD OF i Apl'ROX TOTAL LENGTH OF SKETCH AND

No. ! MEASUREMENT OF 1 BAR (L) MEASURED DIMENSIONS
! BENDING DIMENSIONS I ALONG CENTRE LINE TO BE GIVEN
IN SCHEDULE
- ! I -~-------
i i
I I
r

I
A \
I
2A+JD+22d
-lJ:o
(See Note)

, 0
A I
i
2A+JD+224
~o
(S •• Note)

- : -j-------
.~DI
I~ I Where P is not greater than DIS
N n (D+dl+8d
I i N = number of complete and
fractional turns
C I D = internal dia
P = pitch of helix
d = size of bar

---__
I
I ._ _ _ _ _---'-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _~_ _ __
NOTE - d reflrs to nominal size 01 bar.

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IS: 2502 - 1963

T ABLE X BARS BENT TO A RADIUS

(Cluu se 4.1)

NOMINAL CRITICAL
SIZE RADIUS

mm m

5 2·0
6 2·5
to 3·5
12 5·0
16 !j.Q
20 12·0
22 18·0
25 24'· 0
28 34·0
32 40·0

TABLE XI PERMISSIBLE BENDING AND CUTTING TOLERANCES

(Clause 5.1)

DIMENSIO" TOJ.ERANCE
, __ - - - - A -_ _ _ _ - ,
,..--_ ...-------'-----,
OVl!r Vp to and Plus Minus
Including

em em mOl mm

For Bend Bars 75 3 5

75 150 5 10
150 250 6 15
250 7 25
For Straight Bar!- All lengths 25 2S

5.1.2 The cutting tolerance for bars to be bent shall be the tolerance
given for straight bars. To allow for this cutting tolerance when dimen-
sioning bent bars, at least one dimension shall not be specified.

6. BENDING
6.1 General - Bars shall be bent cold except as provided in .6.1.1 . Any
type of equipment may be used for bending of bars with the prior approval
of the engineer in-charge.

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IS :2502 - 1963

6.1.1 Bars larger than 25 mm in size may be bent hot at cherry-red heat
(not exceeding 850°C) except those qars which depend for tiwir strength
on cold working. Hot bars shall not be cooled by quenching.
6.2 Equipment -- Bending of bars may be done either by improvised
means or hy hand-operated machines (sec Fig. 2, 3 and 4), and b.y power-
operated bender. For bars of 12 mm diameter and under, mechanical
contrivances of the type illustrated in Fig. 2 may be advantageously
employed.

,
FIG. 2 BENDING OF BAR BY MEA~S OF CLAW

SOCKET HOLE

FIG. 3 SIMPLE BAR-B1lNDlNG MACHINE

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IS: 2502 - 1963

RATCHET LEVER

MANDREL
PLAIN ROLLER

. . l---SPINIJLE

·"~:ROOVED ROLLER

FIG. 4 GE.\RED BAR-BENDING MACHINE

6.2.1 Two of the most common types of bar-bending machines suitable

for bending bars cold are shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4. The essential compo-
nents of the machines are also illustrated in .the figures. The hand machine
shown in Fig. 3 could be employed for bending bars up to 16 mm diameter
and fol- larger diameters geared bar bender shown in Fig. 4 is required.
Special rollf"r spindles may bf" nf"cessary for /Jmdingdeformed and twisted
bars.
6.2.2 Bending of bars 36 mm and above require special equipment, such
a,; power-operated benders. However, where only a few bars are to be
bent, easy bends may be formed by jim-crow or rail bender,. an appiiance
comprising of forged bow with a steel square threaded screw.
6.2.3 Where large quantities of bars arc to hf' bent, power-operated
benders may be advantageously used.
6.3 Operation - The hand-operated benders are generally mounted on
tables. The various operation!> involycd and the schematic way of
bending are illustrated in Fig. S. The bar to be bent should be placed
between two stops driven into a steel or wooden table. The bar should be
held rigid at one of the stops by a roller sitting over the mandrel. By
using a tommy bar and levering, the bar may be bent to the desired
angle.
6.4 Special patented appliances for bending bars into helical, rectangular
and other shapes are available and they may also be used.

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15: 2502 - 1963

BODV OF MACHINE
ROLLER

CENTRE

ROLLER
CENTRE OF BAR TO START OF BEND

(o@c/ I ,~~
~OBENDOBTAIN DESIRED OISTANCE FROM
C TO INSIDE OF HOOK D,
MEASURE FROM OPEN SET C TO FAR
SIDE OF MANDREL D. FOR OVERALL
MEASUREMENT AOD THICKNESS OF BAR

e/
BENT BAR

FIG. 5 BENDING OF BAR

7. FIXING REINFORCEMENT
1.1 General --The economy of reinforced concrete design will be fully
realized only when the reinforcements are maintained at their designed

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IS: 2502 - 1963

positions at all times. The important factors in fixing the reinforcement

are precision and convenience.
7.1.1 Reinforcement shall be placed in position as given on the detailed
design drawing and shall be secured at that position. In case of delay
occurring between fixing of reinforcement and concreting, the position of
the reinforcement shall be checked prior to concreting.
7.1.2 Lapping of bars shall be done\ in accordance with the relevant
requirements specified in IS: 456-1964 Code of Practice for Plain and
Reinforced Concrete (Second Revision). Laps shall be staggered.
7.1.3 The precautions described in 7.2 to 7.5 shall be taken to pll:;vent
displacement of reinforcement during shuttering and concreting.
7.2 Tyin~ of Reinforcement Bars - Bars crossing each other, where
required, shall be secured by binding wire (annealed) of size n~t less than
0·90 mm and conforming to IS: 280-1962 Specification for Mild Steel Wire
(Revised), in such a manner that they will not slip over each other at tpe
time of fixing and concreting.
7.2.1 Every compression bar shall be tied at least in two perpendicular
directions.
7.2.2 Stirrups may be staggered, provided it is ensured that the corres-
ponding stirrups form a uniform pattern in elevation.
7.2.3 Three methods of tying reinforcement bars are illustrated in Fig. 6~
of the three methods, the method illustrated in Fig. 6A should be preferred
to method given in Fig. 6B, and that given in Fig. 6B to the one given in
Fig. 6C.
7.3 Cover Blocks
7.3.1 Cover blocks, which are generally of cement mortar, shall be used-
to ensure therey'uired cover for reinforcement. Cover blocks are generally

6A 68 6C
FIG. 6 THREE METHODS OF TYING REINFORCEMENT BARS

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IS: 2502 - 1963

square or rectangular in plan with or without binding wire embedded in

them which will be tied to the reinforcement at the time of placing (see
Fig. 7). H.ings with suitable hole at the centre may also be used.
7.3.2 The mortar or concrete used for the cover blocks or rings shall
not he leaner than the mortar or concrete in which they will be embedded.
7.3.3 To provide necessary cover for reinforcement at any sectiun, only
single cover blocks shall be used.

COVER COy,
7A For Column 78 For Beam
and Wall and Slab

FIG. 7 COVER BLOCKS

7.4 Spacers
7.4.1 WaUs - In walls where multiple rows of reinforcement are pro-
vided. it is very important that the distances between successive rows are
properly maintained while concreting; and this may be achieved by
following one of the methods illustrated in Fig. 8.
7.4.1.1 In the method illustrated in Fig. 8A. two rows of reinforcement
are separated and kept in their correct relative position by i:>eing attached
to an accurate bent bar that acts as distance piece while in the method
illustrated in Fig. 8B the same effect is achieved by placing the vertical
bars in slots accurately cut in a board with additional advantage of maln-
tainihg tIl(' correct cover. The slots may be placed by pairs of projecting
nails and scribe marks on the board will indicatc the correct alignment on
the inside face of the shutters.
7.4.1.2 In the first method. the bar remains permanently in position
but in the second method thc spacer board has to be removed bdore the
:;hutters.
7.4.2 Slabs - In slabs, whether double or m~Itiple, layers of reinforce-
ment arepro\ided, the distances between the layers may be maintained
by 'the method illustrated in Fig. 9.

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IS: 2502 -1963

7.4.2.1 In the figure. additional support bars are shown inserted; hut
in a good design, the provision of these extra bars would not be necessary
as the designer would so arrange the reinforcement that the supporting

,:
bars would be a part of the principal reinforcement.
ACCURATElY BENT SPACER BAR
WIRED TO VERTICAL OR
I R
HORIZONTAL BARS"

. -- \
-;;;;.

[COVER BLOCK
...

~ • .... . ..
'LHORIZONT AL AND VERTICAL
BARS WIRED AT EACH INTERSECTION

~
WIDTH OF WALL

8A USE OF WALL SPACER BAR

SCRIBE MARK ON SPACER BOARD NAILED

SPACER BOARD \~CROSS TOP OF FORMS
SLOTS ACCURATELY CUT
SHUTTERS""\
~~. .
... ... -
... ...

• •• . ..
II HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL BARS
WIRED AT EACH INTERSECTION

88 USE OF SPACER BOARD

FIG. 8 MAINTAINING WALL BARS IN POSITION

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1S: 2502 - 1963

SLAB REINFORCEMENT THIS DIMENSION TO
TOP LAVER BE ACCURATE

SUPPORT SCAB REiNfORCEMENT

BAAS BOTTOM LAVER
COVER
BLOCK

FIG. 9 DOUBLY REINFORCED SLAB

7.4.3 Beams - In bE'ams with top reinforcement, it is desirable to

suspend the top reinforcement from the form work by suitable arrangements
which may be removed on completion of concreting up to the appropriate !
level, unless such reinforcement is otherwise rigidly held in position by .
stirrups or other members.
7.5 . Column· Reinforcement - The column reinforcement, especially
in heavily reinforced columns .and ill columns subjected to a combination
of direct load and bending, should be propedy tied, otherwise the strength
of the column will be considerably affected. Some of the typical methods
of tying the reinforcement are shown in Fig. 10. The ties may be staggered
provided it is ensured that the corresponding ties form a uniform pattern
in elevation and they shall be in closed loops.
,r.6 Distortion of projecting vertical. bars in double rows in walls may be
prevented prior to completed assembly of horizontal reinforcement and
erection of shutters by the arrangements illustrated in Fig. 11. This
arrangement consists of a longitudinal timber or large bar placed along
each row of vertical bar and tied to each bar. Betwe~n every sixth bar
of opposite rows a cross piece of wood or steel should be tied.
7.6.1 For single vertical row of large bars in walls, a timber frame as
illustrated in Fig. 12 may be employed to prevent the distortion of bar.
The dimensions, details and spacing of the frame shall be determined by
the nature of the work.
NOTE - The frame could often be part of the shuttering.

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IS : 2502 - 1963

D 4 BARS
SINGLE TIES
m ra
6 BARS 2 TIES
PER SET
e BARS 2 TIES
PER SET

10 BARS 3 TIES 12 BAlIS 3 TIES 14 8ARS " TIES

PER SET PER SET PER SET

r"'i L"'.l
~ ~

.~.
,...,
I~ .~ It. -~

16 BAlIS " TIES l' 8ARS 5 lIES 20 lARS 5 TIES

9£1t SET PER SET PER SET

TYPICAL SECTIONS OF GENERAL PURPOSE COLUMNS

COlUMN STEEL ALTERNATE METHOD TVPICAI. ARIlANGE-

ARAAHGEOFOR OP TIE ARRANGEMENT MENT OF CORNER
.NOING AND FOR ELQHGATED COLUMNS
DIIIlCT STII£SS COLUMNS
TYPICAL SECTIONS OF SPECIAL PURPOSE COLUMNS
NOTa 1 - I f access to the interior of a column is necessary, a different pattern
of ties may be substituted provided ties are so designed that each vertical bar
is aec:urely braced against movement.
NOTa 2 - The tiell may be staggered provided it is ensured that the corres-
ponding ties form a uniform pattern in the elevation.

FIG. 10 COLUMN TIES

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IS: 2502 - 1963

BAR

TEMPORARY
TIMB.ER WIRED
TO OCCASIONAL
BARS

CDN(;RETE ALREADv
IN POSITION

FIG. tt STIFFENING OF PRO] ECTING VERTICAL W At.L REINFORCEMENT

8. TRANSPORTING REINFORCEMENT
8.1 Reinforcement shall bc transported to the site of work or to the place
of storage by such means and in such a manner that the reinforcement is
neither damaged nor deformed. The unloading of the reinforcement shall
he done at the nearest convenient place where it is to be processed further.
Particularly in cases where unloading is required to be done by hand, it is
importantth~t the vehicle should be brought as close as possible to the
stacking or bending place in order to avoid carryrng over long distances.
As far as pos..,ible, at the time of unloading the bars should be separatcd
by sizes and lengths.

9. STORAGE OF R.EINFORCEMENT
9.1 The 1l.Cwal location of the stacking place of reinforcement depends
upon the site conditions, but it should be such that the reinforcement could
he conveniently rccci"cd and supplied to the operational centres in the site.
On works covcring largc area3, it might be an advantage to stack the

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IS: 2502 - 1963

FIG. 12 SUPPORTING VERTICAL WALL REINFORCEMENT

reinforcement at different places cJos(' to the areas where they arc likely
to be used most.
9.1.1 In order to ensure that the reinforcement bars are kept in good
condition, they should not be left in direct contact with the ground but
they should be stacked on top of an arrangement of timber sleepers or the
like. Suitable racks may also be used for stacking reinforcement in tiers.
Where space is extremely limited, bars may also be stacked vertically
but the vertical stacking has the disadvantage that it is more difficult to get
the bars in and out and in identifying bars of different sizes and lengths.
Whatever method of stacking is adopted, the bars should be stacked in

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IS: 2502 - 196:4

such a way that the various sizes and lengths can be quickly and easily
identified.
9.1.1 Aft~ the reinforcement bars have been bent. they should be
placed in the most convenient locations for transport to working points.
Flexible bend!l like stirrups and bends of small ,diameter ban should be
grouped together and bundled .lor ease of handling. Each bundle of'bars
or group of bars should have labels affixed to it indicating the bar mark,
bending schedule reference number and its position in laying.
9.1.3 In storing bars. attention shall be paid to avoiding distortion and to
preventing deterioration and corrosion.
9.1.4 Whilst a certain amount of hard rust on the reinforcement is con-
sidered desirable in reinforced concrete work, care sh(luld be taken to ensure
that undue rusting or loose scaling do not take place in storage and in such
conditions of weather where the reinforcetnent is likely to get corroded. the
stack of reinforcement shaH be suitably sheltered.

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BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

Headquarters.
Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 110002
Telephones: 3230131,3233375,3239402
Fax: 91 11 3234062, 91 11 3239399, 91 11 3239382
Telegrams: Manaksanstha
(Common to all Offices)
Centr.1 Laboratory : Telephone
Plot No. 20/9, Site IV, Sahibabad Industrial Area, Sahibabad 201010 8-n 00 32
Regional OffIces:
Central: Manak Bhavan, 9 Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, NEW DELHI 11 0002 3237617
*Eastern : 1/14 CIT Scheme VII M, V.I.P. Road, Maniktola, CALCUTIA 700054 3378662
Northern: SCO 335-336, Sector 34-A, CHANDIGARH 160022 603843
Southern: C.I.T. Campus, IV Cross Road, CHENNAI600113 2352315
tWestem: Manakalaya, E9, Behind Marol Telephone Exchange, Andheri (East), 8329295
MUMBAI 400093
Branch Offices::
'Pushpak', Nurmohamed Shaikh Marg, Khanpur, AHMEDABAD 380001 550 13 48
*Peenya Industrial Area, 1st Stage, Bangalore-Tumkur Road, 8394955
BANGALORE 560058
Gangotri Complex, 5th Roor, Bhadbhada Road, T.T. Nagar, BHOPAL 462003 554021
Plot No. 62-63, Unit VI, Ganga Nagar, BHUBANESHWAR 751001 403627
Kalaikathir BUildings, 670 Avinashi Road, COl MBATORE 641037 210141
Plot No. 43, Sector 16 A, Mathura Road, FARIDABAD 121001 8-288801
Savitri Complex, 116 G.T. Road, GHAZIABAD 201001 8-71 1996
53/5 Ward No.29, A.G. Barua Road, 5th By-lane, GUWAHATI 781003 541137
5-8-S6C, L.N. Gupta Marg, Nampally Station Road, HYDERABAD 500001 201083
E-52, Chitaranjan Marg, C- Scheme, JAIPUR 302001 372925
117/418 B, Sarvodaya Nagar, KANPUR 208005 21 6876
Seth Bhawan, 2nd Roor, Behind Leela Cinema, Naval Kishore Road, 238923
LUCKNOW 226001
NIT Building, Second Roor, Gokulpat Market, NAG PUR 440010 5251 71
Pattiputra Industrial Estate, PATNA 800013 262305
Institution of Engineers (India) Building 1332 Shivaji Nagar, PUNE 411005 32 36 35
T.C. No. 14/1421, Uniwrsity P. O. Palayam, lHlRlNANANlHAPURAM 695034 621 17

*Sales Office is at 5 Chowringhee Approach, P.O. Princep Street, 27 1085

CALCUTTA 700072
tSaies Office is at Novelty Chambers, Grant Road, MUMBAI400007 309 65 28
*Sales Office is at 'F' Blocl<, Unity Building, Narashimaraja Square, 222 39 71
BAN GALORE 560002

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