MAPÚA UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING

ME136P-2/E01

ENGINEERING MATERIALS, PROCESSES AND TESTING

WRITTEN REPORT ON

TENSILE TEST OF WELDED JOINTS

Worksheet Exercise 2.3

SUBMITTED BY:

Talan, Jefferson R.

2016142228

SUBMITTED TO:

ENGR. JENNIFER VALDEZ

DATE

April 19, 2021

This experiment tackles the tensile strength of welded sample material that is lathed into

ASW specification and loaded into the universal testing machine to see if any changes in strength

compared to a simply lathe sample material. Here, the machine tests the sample material for its

tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation which can be figured by using extensometer and 2-

inch punch using a caliper. The welded sample material shows an increase in yield strength and

elongation.

OBJECTIVES

1. To understand the effect of welding material on tensile test.

2. To compare solid metal and welded joint on tensile test

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i

ABSTRACT ii

OBJECTIVE ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS iii

THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES 1

DISCUSSION 3

LIST OF APPARATUS / SET-UP 4

CONCLUSION 5

REFERENCES 6

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THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES

Weld tensile test is done on a welded specimen that is used as a filler to fill a gap in between

two large slabs of metal. The welder is given a space that is filled with welding and then cut to be

shape as a specimen depending on the standard that is used. Lathe machine can do this by turning

the rectangular welding block and shape by the operator. The strength of the specimen depends on

several factors like welder’s technique and performance, quality of the weld, and build of the weld

along each section.

Tensile test is usually done on universal testing machine and is an important process to

understand the capability, limits, and properties of a sample material under extreme tension.

Universal testing machine pull both ends of the sample to create tension that is strong enough to

rupture the metal in half.

Figure 1: Rockwell Test Scale

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 This graph shows an example of relation between strain and the stress applied by the UTM.

Young’s Modulus can be observed for the first part of the rise in slope and it happens before the

elastic limit.

By doing this test, we could understand the sample material even more. Ultimate tensile

strength is one of these and this is the maximum stress that the sample material can take before

breaking. This is usually the peak of the graph.

Hooke’s Law can also be tackled on this test as its formula of stress over stain. The bottom part of

the formula is a constant that pertains to the Young’s Modulus as describe earlier. This is why pre-

test and post-test measurements is important to determine the elongation achieved during the

duration of test.

𝜎
=𝐸
𝜖

Modulus of elasticity is also part of the UTM and this is the part where the metal specimen acts as

a plastic as it nears the rupture point. We could see that this is the part where most elongation

occurs.

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DISCUSSION

Figure 2: Weld in gap

This is an example of weld between two metal slabs. However, the one used in the

demonstration uses a thicker slab and its gap is wider to accommodate the shape of the sample

material when placed on the lathe. Here, the welder used the space in between to form the weld by

continuously burning and melting the metal welding rod to fill the gap.

Welder’s experience is important in this process because the quality of the weld depends

on the skill level of the welder and this could also affect the data in tensile strength. The

demonstrator on the video uses two slabs of A36 mild steel and this is the metal on both side where

the filler would be placed. The joint is filled with pure welding material which is the rod. Then,

this sample would be cut to separate it from the two metal slabs. One should end up with a

rectangular shape metal that would then be placed on the lathe machine. Depending on the

standards used, measurements can be different for different sample. The one used in the video is

AWS standards which have a measurement of 0.5 by 5 inches.

The tensile test is the next process to do which would result in three numbers. First is the

output or the maximum tensile stress the sample material can handle before breaking in half. Yield

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strength happens when the sample starts to lengthen due to immense forces pulling the two sides.

Lastly, the change in length which is define by a dent on the metal before starting the test. This

could then be measured by a caliper after the tensile test is done. This tensile test has a bit extra

steps because the worker place an extensometer on the sample metal before starting the test to

measure the elongation of material being tested.

LIST OF APPARATUS / SET-UP

1. Welded sample material (Lathed into standard)

2. UTM

3. Extensometer

4. Caliper

5. Hammer

6. Metal punch

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CONCLUSION

In comparison of welded material to a metal sample that is lathe immediately, the welded

material is usually stronger and can elongate more which means that it can behave more in a plastic

way under the yield strength test. This is achieved because the welder made sure that the patterns

in his welding process is adequate to cover each layer of weld leaving no air gaps in between that

could affect the tensile strength of the sample material.

Overall, the learnings obtain from this process to further understand the tensile test and its

importance on engineering field. Knowing the different types of strength of material can widen

our knowledge on properties of different materials which can guide us in proper material selection

when working on different projects.

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REFERENCE

1. n.a. (n.d.) Weld Tensile Test. https://lmats.com.au/services/mechanical-testing/tensile-

test/weld-tensile-test