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Clay Elements

The document discusses how a small set of elements combine to form molecules, compounds, and mixtures that are used in daily life. It provides background on atoms, molecules, compounds, and mixtures. It then gives procedures for students to model different substances using modeling clay and identify them as elements, compounds, or mixtures. Post-lab questions ask students to define key terms and explain the benefits and limitations of using models.

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Mauricio Rivera
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381 views

Clay Elements

The document discusses how a small set of elements combine to form molecules, compounds, and mixtures that are used in daily life. It provides background on atoms, molecules, compounds, and mixtures. It then gives procedures for students to model different substances using modeling clay and identify them as elements, compounds, or mixtures. Post-lab questions ask students to define key terms and explain the benefits and limitations of using models.

Uploaded by

Mauricio Rivera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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8uName: ____________________________________ Date: ___________ Period:

______
Clay Elements, Molecules, and Compounds
(STEM 3.0)

SC.8.P.8.5 Recognize that there are a finite number of elements and that their atoms combine in
a multitude of ways to produce compounds that make up all of the living and nonliving things
that we encounter. (AA)
SC.8.P.8.9 Distinguish among mixtures (including solutions) and pure substances (Assessed as
SC.8.P.8.5)
Objectives:
 Students will model how elements combine in a multitude of ways to produce
compounds that make up all living and nonliving things.
 Students will differentiate among pure substances, mixtures, and solutions.

Problem Statement/Research Question: How does a small set of elements combine to form
molecules, compounds and mixtures, which are used in your daily lives?

Background:
Atoms of elements combine to form molecules and compounds. Some molecules are elements
not compounds since they are only made up of only one type of element such as hydrogen gas.
Mixtures consist of different types of elements and/or compounds that are physically blended but
not chemically bonded together.
Vocabulary:
Atoms - small particles that make up elements and compounds
Molecules - two or more atoms bonded together: these atoms may be of the same element or
different elements
Compounds - two or more different types of atoms bonded together
Mixtures – when two or more substances are physically blended but not chemically bonded
together
Materials: Paper Towel, Toothpicks, Modeling Clay, Colored Pencils
Procedures:
1. Color the modeling clay key according to the samples of clay provided.

2. For each molecule/compound listed in the table, you will need to:
A. List the names of the atoms involved
B. Identify the number of each atom in the molecule.
C. Make the clay model
D. Color the model in the table and label the name of each atom.
E. Identify model as an element, compound or mixture.
(You may need to take apart some models to make other models. But make sure you have
received the teacher's initials next to the model before you take it apart. For instance, you need to
make CH4 and CO2 with the same carbon molecule.)
Modeling Clay Key
ELEMENT Hydrogen Chlorin Oxygen Sodium Carbo Nitrogen
e n
COLOR
MOLECULAR MODEL
ELEMENT,
ATOM # OF Make the clay compound
SUBSTANCE FORMULA COMPOUND
NAME(S) ATOMS model and color the
OR MIXTURE
diagram

Hydrogen
H2
Gas
Salt (Sodium
Chloride) NaCl

Methane CH4

Carbon
Dioxide CO2

Oxygen Gas
O2

N2, O2, H2O,


Air
CO2

Water H2O

Hydrochloric
Acid HCl

Sodium
Hydroxide
(lye) NaOH

Carbonated H2O
Water CO2
Post-Lab Questions:
1. What particle makes up all substances?
2. Which is larger, an atom or a molecule? Explain.

3. How is a compound different from a molecule?


4. Are all molecules compounds? Explain.
5. One of the properties of a pure substance it that they always exist in fixed proportions.
 How many hydrogen atoms are needed to form five water molecules?
 How many oxygen atoms are needed to form five water molecules?
6. What are the benefits and limitations of using models to study the real world?

Research Question: How does a small set of elements combine to form molecules, compounds, and
mixtures, which are used in your daily lives?
Claim: (Make a statement that answers the research question, based on what you observed in the lab
you performed)

Evidence: (Support your claim by citing data you collected in your lab procedure)
Reasoning: (Describe the science concepts that explain why or how the evidence you presented
supports your claim. Include information from observations and notes from video.)

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