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Router

Routers help transmit packets between interconnected networks by maintaining tables of network destinations and paths. They are intelligent devices that store information about connected networks and can be configured as firewalls using access control lists. Routers translate between different network framing used by local area networks and wide area networks, and serve as the connection between these network types. They can also divide internal networks into subnetworks and establish independent network zones.

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43 views

Router

Routers help transmit packets between interconnected networks by maintaining tables of network destinations and paths. They are intelligent devices that store information about connected networks and can be configured as firewalls using access control lists. Routers translate between different network framing used by local area networks and wide area networks, and serve as the connection between these network types. They can also divide internal networks into subnetworks and establish independent network zones.

Uploaded by

bekalu amenu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Router

Routers help transmit packets to their destinations by charting a path through the
sea of interconnected networking devices using different network topologies.
Routers are intelligent devices, and they store information about the networks
they’re connected to. Most routers can be configured to operate as packet-filtering
firewalls and use access control lists (ACLs). Routers, in conjunction with a channel
service unit/data service unit (CSU/DSU), are also used to translate from LAN
framing to WAN framing. This is needed because LANs and WANs use different
network protocols. Such routers are known as border routers. They serve as the
outside connection of a LAN to a WAN, and they operate at the border of your
network.

Router are also used to divide internal networks into two or more subnetworks.
Routers can also be connected internally to other routers, creating zones that
operate independently. Routers establish communication by maintaining tables
about destinations and local connections. A router contains information about the
systems connected to it and where to send requests if the destination isn’t known.
Routers usually communicate routing and other information using one of three
standard protocols: Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Border Gateway Protocol
(BGP) or Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).

Routers are your first line of defense, and they must be configured to pass only
traffic that is authorized by network administrators. The routes themselves can be
configured as static or dynamic. If they are static, they can only be configured
manually and stay that way until changed. If they are dynamic, they learn of other
routers around them and use information about those routers to build their
routing tables.

Routers are general-purpose devices that interconnect two or more heterogeneous


networks. They are usually dedicated to special-purpose computers, with separate
input and output network interfaces for each connected network. Because routers
and gateways are the backbone of large computer networks like the internet, they
have special features that give them the flexibility and the ability to cope with
varying network addressing schemes and frame sizes through segmentation of big
packets into smaller sizes that fit the new network components. Each router
interface has its own Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) module, its own LAN
address (network card address) and its own Internet Protocol (IP) address. The
router, with the help of a routing table, has knowledge of routes a packet could take
from its source to its destination. The routing table, like in the bridge and switch,
grows dynamically. Upon receipt of a packet, the router removes the packet
headers and trailers and analyzes the IP header by determining the source and
destination addresses and data type, and noting the arrival time. It also updates the
router table with new addresses not already in the table. The IP header and arrival
time information is entered in the routing table. Routers normally work at the
Network layer of the OSI model.

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