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SUMMARY TERM 1 GR 5 Content

The document discusses life and living structures, focusing on plants and animals in different habitats. It describes how plants like water lilies and aloe live in water or dry areas respectively, and have adapted leaves. Animals also live in various habitats, like frogs in water and zebras in grasslands, and have body parts suited to their environment. The document contrasts animals with exoskeletons that moult and grow anew, versus animals with endoskeletons of bone and cartilage that grow internally. It provides examples of invertebrates with exoskeletons and vertebrates with endoskeletons like mammals, birds, fish, rept

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196 views2 pages

SUMMARY TERM 1 GR 5 Content

The document discusses life and living structures, focusing on plants and animals in different habitats. It describes how plants like water lilies and aloe live in water or dry areas respectively, and have adapted leaves. Animals also live in various habitats, like frogs in water and zebras in grasslands, and have body parts suited to their environment. The document contrasts animals with exoskeletons that moult and grow anew, versus animals with endoskeletons of bone and cartilage that grow internally. It provides examples of invertebrates with exoskeletons and vertebrates with endoskeletons like mammals, birds, fish, rept

Uploaded by

Roxanne
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Natural Science and Technology

TOPIC Term 1: Life and living and structures 1 Plants and animals on Earth

Grade 5 Term 1 Summary.

TOPIC Term 1: Life and living and structures


Many different plants and animals
habitat the natural home of a plant or an animal
biodiversity the variety of all the plants and animals on the Earth
indigenous plants and animals that have always lived in a certain area

Plants grow in different habitats

• The water lily lives in water. It has leaves that are large and flat.
• The leaves float on the water. The aloe lives in
dry areas.
• The thick and fleshy leaves store water.
Rooibos plants grow in dry, sandy soil.
• The leaves of the plant are thin and small, so less water loss takes place
from them.

Animals live in different habitats


• Organisms live in specific areas, known as habitats.
• The organisms get food, water and air in their habitats.
• The habitats also supply shelter to the organisms so
that they are protected against their enemies.
• The frog lives in water.
• Its fingers and toes are webbed so that it can swim.
• Fish have fins to help them swim.
• Zebras live in grasslands.
• They have legs for walking and running.
• The white stripes on their bodies temporarily blind
their predators (such as lions) when they run away
from them.
• Turacos live in forests.
• They have wings for flying and legs for hopping along
branches.

1
Animal types
exoskeleton shell or hard covering on the outside of animals
invertebrate an animal that does not have a backbone made of bone
moult to shed outer covering to grow a new, bigger one
endoskeleton skeleton found inside an animal’s body
vertebrate an animal with a bony backbone
cartilage flexible, tough substance that cushions bones at the joints

Animals without bones

• An exoskeleton is made of plates


joined together to make a hard shell.
• The only place where an exoskeleton is
thin and soft is where the body must
bend, for example at the leg joints.
• The advantages of an exoskeleton are
that it supports and protects the soft
internal parts of the animal.
• It also provides waterproofing to prevent the animal from drying out.
• The disadvantage of an exoskeleton is that it cannot grow.
• The animal has to moult.
• The new exoskeleton is soft after moulting, so the animal can be attacked easily.
• Animals with exoskeletons include insects, spiders, ticks, crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp and
some other small animals

Animals with endoskeletons

• There are five groups of animals that have an endoskeleton: mammals, birds, fish, reptiles
and amphibians.
• They all have a backbone made of small bones called vertebrae.
• An endoskeleton is covered by muscles and soft body tissue.
• It does not protect an animal as well as an exoskeleton does, but it
can support larger sizes and more weight.
• An endoskeleton grows with the animal.
• Moulting does not take place.
• These animals are grouped as vertebrates.
• Their skeletons are made of bone and cartilage.
• Their skeletons support their bodies from the inside.
• Cartilage is flexible and tough.
• It is found at the joints.
• Joints are places where bones meet.

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