Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education – NCR

Monlimar Development Academy, Inc.
Senior High School Department – General Academic Strand
#317 M.L.Q. St., Lower Bicutan, Taguig City

TITLE OF YOUR RESEARCH IN AN INVERTED PYRAMID STYLE

(IT MUST ALSO BE BOLD LETTERS AND CAPS LOCK)

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in Inquires, Investigations and Immersion

Senior High School Department – General Academic Strand (GAS)

Submitted to:
MS. MARIAN M. CABALLERO
Research Instructor

Prepared by:
NAMES OF THE MEMBERS OF THE GROUP
(IT MUST BE ALPHABETICAL IN ORDER)
(FIRST NAME, MIDDLE INITIAL, SURNAME)
(LETTERS MUST BE CAPS LOCK AND BOLD LETTERS)
Example: MARIAN M. CABALLERO

2020 – 2021

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 APPROVAL SHEET

This research is entitled “TITLE OF YOUR STUDY for S.Y. 2020 – 2021”, in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject course INQUIRIES,
INVESTIGATIONS AND IMMERSION (RESEARCH PROJECT) under the strand of
GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND (G.A.S). This study is prepared and submitted by
NAME OF THE MEMBERS EXAMPLES: JUAN B. DELA CRUZ, NINA C. SANTOS.
The researchers and this study are done for final defense.

Ms. Marian M. Caballero

Thesis Adviser

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements given from the
department and in compliance in the said subject course.

Mr.Ronel T. Borbon
Chairman

Date: ________________

Mr. Alexander N. Ignacio Mr. Joshua Bong A. Bual

School Principal Head Teacher, SHS

Date: ________________ Date: ________________

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Acknowledgements enable you to thank all those who have helped in carrying out the
research. Careful thought needs to be given concerning those whose help should be
acknowledged and in what order. The general advice is to express your appreciation in
a concise manner and to avoid strong emotive language.
*Note that personal pronouns such as 'I, my, me …' are nearly always used in the
acknowledgements while in the rest of the project such personal pronouns are generally
avoided.
* If you wish to acknowledge the help of family members or friends make sure you
restrict the wording of your thanks to a relatively formal register.
Reference: https://elc.polyu.edu.hk/FYP/html/ack.htm

TAKE NOTE: Please delete the following words given above this is just serve to give an
insights regarding to this part of thesis.
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 DEDICATION

This part is, basically, a source to offer warmest gratefulness of the writer towards any
other person for whom he wish to pay honour.

The dedication is the writer’s personal acknowledgment indicating his or her

appreciation and respect for significant individuals in the writer’s life. The dedication is
personal; thus, any individuals named are frequently unrelated to the topic of the
dissertation. Indeed, it need not be academic in any way.

Typically, the learner dedicates the work to the one or two individuals who instilled in the
learner the value of education and the drive to succeed in educational pursuits.
Learners dedicate dissertations to relatives, immediate family, or significant individuals
who have supported them or played a role in their lives. Some learners dedicate their
dissertations to their higher power.

Reference: https://capella.libanswers.com/doctoralsupport/faq/132979

TAKE NOTE: Please delete the following words given above this is just serve to give an insights
regarding to this part of thesis.
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 ABSTRACT

An abstract is a self-contained summary of a larger work, such as research and

scientific papers or general academic papers. Usually situated at the beginning of such
works, the abstract is meant to “preview” the bigger document. This helps readers and
other researchers find what they’re looking for and understand the magnitude of what’s
discussed. 
Abstracts are typically 100–250 words and comprise one or two paragraphs.
As part of a formal document, informative abstracts adhere to more scientific and data-
based structures. Like the paper itself, abstracts should include all of the IMRaD
elements: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. 
This handy acronym is a great way to remember what parts to include in your abstract.
Note: It is a preview in the book to give your readers an idea on what is your study all
about and what is inside in your thesis.

Reference: grammarly.com/blog/write-an-abstract/

TAKE NOTE: Please delete the following words given above this is just serve to give an insights
regarding to this part of thesis.

Tips: It can answer the following questions:

1. What is the title of your study?
2. What kind of research your study is?
3. Who are your target respondents?
4. What is the purpose of conducting this research?
5. What is the technique you do to gather data from the respondents?
6. What is the final result based on your hypothesis?

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page ………………………………………………………………………… i

Approval Sheet ………………………………………………………………… ii
Acknowledgement ………………………………………………………………… iii
Dedication ………………………………………………………………………… iv
Abstract ………………………………………………………………………… v
Table of Contents ………………………………………………………………… vi
List of Tables ………………………………………………………… vii
List of Figures ………………………………………………………… viii

CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction ……………………………………………………………………. 3
Background of the study ……………………………………………………. 5
Statement of the Problem ……………………………………………………. 7
Hypothesis ……………………………………………………………………. 8
Conceptual Framework ……………………………………………………. 9
Theoretical Framework ……………………………………………………. 10
Scope and Delimitations of the Study ……………………………………. 12
Significance of the Study ……………………………………………………. 13
Definitions of Terms ……………………………………………………. 15

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Foreign Literature ……………………………………………………………. 17
Local Literature ……………………………………………………………. 20
Foreign Studies ……………………………………………………………. 23
Local Studies ……………………………………………………………. 27
Synthesis ……………………………………………………………. 30

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CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design ………………………………………………………… 31

Population and Sample Size ………………………………………… 32

Sampling Technique ………………………………………………… 33
Instrumentation ………………………………………………………… 34
Data Gathering Procedures ………………………………………… 35
Statistical Treatment of Data ………………………………………… 36

CHAPTER IV: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND

INTERPRETATION OF DATA ………………………. 38

CHAPTER V: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Findings ………………………………………………………………. 57
Conclusion ………………………………………………………………. 64
Recommendations ………………………………………………………. 68

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES
Appendix A Curriculum Vitae
Appendix B Survey Questionnaire
Appendix C T-Table

NOTE: After every category (ex. Title Page, press 1 tab the periods are as follow then
another 1 tab before the page no.) The given above is just an example. Make sure that
the page numbers you included in your table of contents are consistent in the content
being presented in your study.
PLEASE FOLLOW THE GIVEN FORMAT SO WE CAN ACHIEVE UNIFORMITY. I
WILL REJECT YOUR WORK IF YOU WILL NOT FOLLOW THE SIMPLE
INSTRUCTIONS. DELETE THIS NOTE ONCE YOU ARE ALREADY STARTING WITH
YOUR CONTENT.
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 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1.0(tab) Name of the Table(tab) 5

Table 1.1 Name of the Table 7

Note: The given above is just an example. Make sure that the page numbers you
included in your table of contents are consistent in the content being presented in your
study. Delete these once you started creating your content.

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.0 Name of the Figure 6

Figure 1.1 Name of the Figure 9

Note: The given above is just an example. Make sure that the page numbers you
included in your table of contents are consistent in the content being presented in your
study. Delete these once you started creating your content.

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 CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

(content of your introduction)

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

(content)

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

(content)

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HYPOTHESIS
(content)

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
(content with visual/diagram)

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
(Content with RESEARCH PARADIGM – IPO MODEL)

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SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
(content)

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

(content)

DEFINITION OF TERMS
(content)

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 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

FOREIGN LITERATURE

(at least 5 literature)

LOCAL LITERATURE

(at least 5 literature)

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FOREIGN STUDIES

(at least 5 studies)

LOCAL STUDIES

(at least 5 studies)

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SYNTHESIS

(The summary of all the literature and studies that the researcher provided
in this chapter. Explain why the researcher included those literature and
studies in the research paper)

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 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHOHDOLOGY

(overview)

RESEARCH DESIGN

(content)

POPULATION AND SAMPLE SIZE

(content with tabular presentation and interpretation. do not forget in your

sample size, you need to show the slovin’s formula, computation and
interpretation)

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

(CONTENT)

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INSTRUMENTATION

(CONTENT)

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES

((content PLEASE NUMERICAL IN FORM)

e.g. the following are the steps action taken and implemented by the
researchers in this study.

1. The researchers gathered the number of students …..

2. After gathering the total number of population …….

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STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

((content PLEASE NUMERICAL IN FORM)

e.g. the following are the formulas applied by the researchers in analyzing
the data being gathered in this study.

1. Slovin’s Formula – meaning

Formula:

Where:

n = sample
N = population
1 = constant
0.05 = margin of error
2
= square root

2. Frequency and Percentage Distribution

3. Mean

4. Weighted Mean

5. Standard Deviation

6. Variance

7. T-Test/ T-value

8. Degree of Freedom

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 CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

(Overview)

1. What is the demographic profile of the students in terms of the following:

1.1. Sex

Male Female
f % f %
50 62 30 38
TOTAL 80
Table __. Title of the table

Percentage of the respondents

according to Sex

MALE
FEMALE
38%

62%

(interpretation)

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1.2 Age

16-18 19 and above

f % f %
50 62 30 38
TOTAL 80

Table __. Title of the table

Percentage of the respondents according to

Age

16-18
38% 19 and above

62%

(interpretation)

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2. What are the factors of absenteeism among the respondents in terms of:
2.1 Personal Factor
Legend:
1 – YES
2 – NO
3 – SOMETIMES
Q.1: Is being disrespected by others causes me to not go to school?
Male Female 16-18 19 and
above
f % f % f % f % f %
1 – YES 35 44 30 38 5 6 25 31 10 13
2 – NO 32 40 12 15 20 25 20 25 12 15
3 - SOMETIMES 13 16 7 9 6 8 10 13 3 4
TOTAL 80
X 1. 73 or 2 = NO

Table ___. Title of the table

X = 1 (35) + 2 (32) + 3 (13)

80

X = 35 + 64 + 39 X = 138 X= 1. 73 or 2 = NO (Adjectivial Rating)

80 80

40 Chart Title
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
YES NO SOMETIMES

Frequency Male Female 16-18 19 and above

(Interpretation please include some basis that you had been put in your RRL)

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ANALYSIS:
2.1 Personal Factor
Legend:
1 – YES
2 – NO
3 – SOMETIMES
Question YES NO SOMETIMES ADJECTIVIAL
no: (1) (2) (3) X RATING
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
GENERAL ADJECTIVIAL
MEAN RATING
Table ___. Name of the table

(interpretation)

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3. Is there a significant difference on the factors of absenteeism among the
respondents in terms of:
2.1 Age
Legend:
1 – YES
2 – NO
3 – SOMETIMES

A. Personal Factor
Q.1: Is being disrespected by others causes me to not go to school?
16-18 19 and above
f % f %
1 – YES
2 – NO
3 – SOMETIMES
TOTAL

X X
Table ___. Name of the table

computation for the weighted computation for the

mean of 16-18 weighted mean of 19 and above

title of this chart Title of this chart

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 1st Qtr 2nd Qtr

3rd Qtr 4th Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr

(interpretation)

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 LEVEL1. Present the MEANS
TABLE 76. SUMMARY OF THE MEANS IN THE CATEGORY OF AGE ABOUT THE
FACTORS OF ABSENTEEISM
QUESTION 16 – 18 19 and above
NO. (x) (x)
1 2.35 2.01
2 3.04 1.43
3 1.64 1.54
4 1.64 2.78
5 1.35 1.32
6 2.45 1.69 Interpretation
7 3.10 1.22
8 2.25 1.57
9 1.89 2.45
10 1.76 2.76
11 1.22 2.24
12 1.36 3.22
13 2.75 3.16
14 2.09 2.34
15 2.01 1.29
GENERAL
MEAN 2.06 2.07
(x)

LEVEL 2. Compute the Variance and Standard Deviation

TABLE 77. SUMMARY OF THE COMPUTATION OF VARIANCE AND STANDARD
DEVIATION FOR THE CATEGORY OF AGE ABOUT THE FACTORS OF
ABSENTEEISM
QUESTION 16 – 18 19 and above
NO.
x x (x–x) ( x – x )2 x x (x–x) ( x – x )2
1 2.35 2.06 0.29 0.08 2.01 2.07 -0.06 0.0036
2 3.04 2.06 0.98 0.96 1.43 2.07 -0.64 0.41
3 1.64 2.06 -0.42 0.18 1.54 2.07 -0.53 0.28
4 1.64 2.06 -0.42 0.18 2.78 2.07 0.71 0.50
5 1.35 2.06 -0.71 0.50 1.32 2.07 -0.75 0.56
6 2.45 2.06 0.39 0.15 1.69 2.07 -0.38 0.14
7 3.10 2.06 1.04 1.08 1.22 2.07 -0.85 0.72
8 2.25 2.06 0.19 0.04 1.57 2.07 -0.5 0.25
9 1.89 2.06 -0.17 0.03 2.45 2.07 0.38 0.14

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 10 1.76 2.06 -0.3 0.09 2.76 2.07 0.69 0.48
11 1.22 2.06 -0.84 0.71 2.24 2.07 0.17 0.03
12 1.36 2.06 -0.7 0.49 3.22 2.07 1.15 1.32
13 2.75 2.06 0.69 0.48 3.16 2.07 1.09 1.19
14 2.09 2.06 0.03 0.09 2.34 2.07 0.27 0.08
15 2.01 2.06 -0.05 0.0025 1.29 2.07 -0.78 0.61
SUMMATION OF SUMMATION OF
( x – x )2 5.06 ( x – x )2 6.65

Interpretation

COMPUTATION OF VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION IN TERMS

OF AGE 16 – 18

*VARIANCE
*STANDARD DEVIATION
2 ∑ ( X− X ) ❑
2
σ =
n−1
2 5.06
σ =
15−1
σ =√ 0 .36
❑
5.06
σ 2= ❑
14 σ =0.6

σ 2=0.36
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 S2 = variance
S = standard deviation

Interpretation

COMPUTATION OF VARIANCE AND STANDARD DEVIATION IN TERMS

OF AGE 19 AND ABOVE

*VARIANCE *STANDARD DEVIATION

σ 2=
∑ ( X− X ) ❑2
n−1
6.65
σ 2=
15−1
σ ❑=√ 0 .48
2 6.65 ❑
σ = σ =0.69
14
2
σ =0.48

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 Interpretation

ANALYSIS:

EXPLANATION

LEVEL 3. PRESENT SUMMARY

TABLE 78. SUMMARY OF THE COMPUTATION OF VARIANCE AND STANDARD
DEVIATION FOR THE COMPUTATION OF T-VALUE IN THE CATEGORY OF AGE
ABOUT THE FACTORS OF ABSENTEEISM
Age Age
16 – 18 19 and above
x s2 s x s2 s
2.06 0.36 0.6 2.07 0.48 0.69
Degree of 28
freedom
Level of 0.05
significance

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 Expected 2.048
Critical value
T-VALUE 0.04
DECISION THE NULL HYPOTHESIS IS ACCEPTED

COMPUTATION OF DEGREE OF FREEDOM AND T-VALUE

df = ( n1 + n2 ) – 2 |x 1−x 2|
t=

√
2 2
s 1 s2
df = ( 15 + 15 ) – 2 +
n1 n2
df = 30 – 2
df = 28

t=¿ ¿
|0.01|
t=
√ 0.024+0.032
|0.01|
t=
√ 0.056
0.01
t=
0.24
t=0 .04

ANALYSIS:

EXPLANATION

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 CHAPTER V
Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations

(overview)
SUMMARY
What can be the possible content of this summary?
1. Purpose of conducting this study
2. State your hypothesis
3. Instrument used
4. Describe the respondents and you choose the respondents
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 5. Instrument used to gather information (PROCESS)
6. Statistical treatment used

FINDINGS (BULLET – NUMBERING)

1. Narrate the results for sop no. 1, 2, and 3 (percentage answered in each
question)
2. Narrate the results on the final computation per category (age, sex etc.) for T-
value

CONCLUSIONS
1. State the final results from the findings in sop 2 and 3
2. State the final results from the findings in the last computation and the final
decision per each category

RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Advices or possible solutions that you can offer out of your study for your
respondents and the people you stated in the significance of your study.

REFERENCES (source must be alphabetical arrange)

 ARTICLES

Caballero, M. (2020). Title of the article. Retrieved on (the day you open
and read that article example: Retrieved on December 11, 2020). URL/link
of the website
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 BOOKS

Caballero, M. (2020). Title of the Book. Place of Publisher. Publishing

Company. Page/s number.

Etc……..

 INTERNET SOURCES

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APPENDICES

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 APPENDIX A
CURRICULUM
VITAE

DELA CRUZ, JUAN A.

#317 M.L.Q. St. Lower Bicutan,
Taguig City
09222222220
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Per

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