ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC ENRICHMENT – UCS 1353

ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC ENRICHMENT – UCS 1353

MINI RESEARCH

Received Date : 31 October 2022

Submission Date : 7 December 2022
Weightage : 30%
Semester : SEP-2022
Lecturer Name : Miss Nurul Farzana Shaidan

Instruction to students:
• This is INDIVIDUAL assignment.
• Complete this cover sheet and attach it to your assignment (first page).

Student declaration:
I declare that:
• This assignment is my own work
• I understand what is meant by plagiarism
• My lecturer has the right to deduct my marks in the case of:
- Late submission
- Any plagiarism found in my assignment.
No. Name Student ID Report Presentation
1 MUHAMMAD SUKMI BIN 2022022090018
MUZAKKI
2 MUHAMMAD ALFINO 2022022090017
FIRDAUS BIN ACHMAD
NURULLAPUNU
3 HERMAN PUITRA BIN AHMAD 2022022090015
ARI
4 MUHAMMAD DANISH BIN 2022020020049
JASON@THANABALAN

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PROJECT

CHAPTER /TOPIC: MINI RESEARCH

SEMESTER SEPTEMBER 2022

INSTRUCTION:

1. Writing MUST contain minimum pages of 15 and maximum of 18.

2. Font: Arial. Size: 12. Spacing: 1.5 spacing. Justified.
3. Mode: Group (Assignment group)
4. Submission can be either in hardcopy or online.
5. All written reports must be submitted through TURNITIN or any other plagiarism
checker application.
6. The plagiarism report must be 30% and below. Print and submit together with the
written report
7. All written reports must not exceed 30% of plagiarism.
8. The report and presentation will be evaluated based on the rubrics.
9. Date of Report Submission & Presentation: 4 December 2022 (Week 14)

** If you have any difficulties in completing the assignment, please come and discuss
with the lecturer. Proper assistance and guidance will be given.

THE ASSIGNMENT (20%)

1. This is a continuation of your infographic poster assignment. Students are required to

conduct a mini research based on the same title that you have chosen for your
assignment.
2. Full report of the mini research (15- 18 pages)

3. Prior to writing the report, students MUST

I. Create a survey with 20 questions (respondents’ demographic (5 Qs), and

survey questions (15 Qs) based on title chosen)

II. Must collect responses from a minimum of 30 MSU/ MSUC/ MLC students.

III. Make sure to take their names, phone numbers and signatures after you do the
survey.

IV. All responses must be recorded in Excel.

V. Calculations, tables, charts must be done correctly.

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3. Content of the mini research:

a) Background of the topic

b) Reasons for choosing the topic and explain why the topic is important.
c) Analysis of the survey results (Explain what you have found out from the survey).
The results of the survey are to be shown in charts/bar graph / line graph etc.
d) Your opinions and suggestions regarding the issues in the findings.

e) Conclusion

THE PRESENTATION (10%)

Student will do a presentation based on the report.

1. PowerPoint slides for presentation

2. The slideshow must be complete.

3. Everyone must do the presentation.

4. Marks will be given individually.

CONSULTATION:

Student will meet the lecturer, online, to discuss the title of the Mini Research

Examples of possible Mini research title to choose from.

1. Does college graduates make more money?

2 Should education be cheaper?
3 How will modern technologies change the way of teaching in the future?
4 How to reduce global warming?
5 How to stop wasting paper and save trees?
6 How pop culture trends influence youth?

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SUBMISSION CHECKLIST

THE REPORT
Please make sure all the items in the checklist below are available before you submit. If one
of the requirements is not completed, the lecturer has the right to not accept your
assignment. Submission is to be made HARDCOPY/ONLINE.

List of pages in the REPORT /

1. Front Cover Including MSU Logo, Submission
date, lecturer’s name, members’ names + photo
2. Assignment Declaration 1 PAGE
3. Table of contents.
4. The report (15-18 pages)
5. Reference (if any)
6. The blank survey questions.
7. Set of 5 completed surveys (as sample)
8. Signatures of 30 respondents as a proof.
9. Rubrics for written report.
10. Rubrics for presentation.

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PROJECT DECLARATION
(Be sure to keep a copy of all work submitted)

To be completed by student – Please Print Clearly

Name Matric Number

1. MUHAMMAD SUKMI BIN MUZAKKI 2022022090018
2. MUHAMMAD ALFINO FIRDAUS BIN ACHMAD 2022022090017
NURULLAPUNU
3. MUHAMMAD ALFINO FIRDAUS BIN ACHMAD 2022022090015
NURULLAPUNU
4. MUHAMMAD DANISH BIN JASON@THANABALAN 2022020020049
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Lecturer’s Name: Tutorial group / Tutor (if applicable):

NURUL FARZANA BINTI SHAIDAN N/A

Course Code and Name: Submission Date:

UCS 1353 ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC ENRICHMENT Date : 7 DECEMBER 2022

Project No. / Title Proposal: Extension & Late Submission:

PROJECT: MINI RESEARCH Disallowed

Project Type: % of Project Mark: Returning Date:

Group 30% N/A

Penalties:
1. 10% of the original mark will be deducted for every one-week period after the submission date.
2. No work will be accepted after two weeks of the deadline.

Declaration: We the undersigned confirm that we have read and agree to abide by these regulations on the completion
of the project, plagiarism and cheating. We confirm that this of work is our own. We consent to appropriate storage
of our work for checking to ensure that there is no plagiarism/academic cheating.

Name (All Members): ………………………………………………………………………………………

[First Name Only] ………………………………………………………………………………………

Signature (All Members): ………………………………………………………………………………………

This section may be used for feedback or other information.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE PAGES

INTRODUCTION 7

REASON FOR CHOOSING TOPIC 11

SURVEY ANALYSIS 13

OPINION AND SUGGESTION REGARDING ISSUE 23

CONCLUSION 26

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INTRODUCTION FOR THE PROJECT

The gradual increase in the planet's surface temperature is known as global warming.
Although this warming trend has been around for a while, the burning of fossil fuels
has greatly accelerated its pace over the past century. The amount of fossil fuels
burned has increased along with the size of the human population. Burning fossil fuels
such as coal, oil, and natural gas results in the "greenhouse effect," which affects the
atmosphere of Earth.

The greenhouse effect is when heat from the Sun's rays enters the atmosphere but is
unable to escape back into space when it is reflected off a surface. Fossil fuel
combustion results in gases, which prevent heat from escaping the atmosphere.
These greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, water
vapour, and chlorofluorocarbons. Global warming, often known as excess heat in the
atmosphere, is the gradual increase in the average global temperature.

Climate change is a problem brought on by global warming. Although these

expressions are occasionally used interchangeably, they are not the same. Changes
in global weather patterns and growing seasons are referred to as climate change. It
also refers to the rise in sea level brought on by melting ice sheets and glaciers and
the expansion of warmer oceans. Climate change brought on by global warming poses
a severe threat to life on earth in the form of catastrophic weather events and extensive
flooding. Scientists are still researching global warming and how it affects the planet.

What causes global warming?

When carbon dioxide (CO2) and other air pollutants build up in the atmosphere, they
absorb sunlight and solar rays that have already reflected off the surface of the earth.
Normally, this radiation would escape into space, but because these pollutants may
linger in the atmosphere for many years or even decades, they trap the heat and make

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the planet hotter. The greenhouse effect is the result of these heat-trapping pollutants,
notably carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, water vapour, and synthetic
fluorinated gases, which are referred to as greenhouse gases.

Though natural cycles and fluctuations have caused the earth’s climate to change
several times over the last 800,000 years, our current era of global warming is directly
attributable to human activity specifically to our burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil,
gasoline, and natural gas, which results in the greenhouse effect. In the United States,
the largest source of greenhouse gases is transportation (29 percent), followed closely
by electricity production (28 percent) and industrial activity (22 percent).

To stop hazardous climate change, emissions must be drastically reduced, and fossil
fuel alternatives must be used globally. The good news is that nations all around the
world have publicly committed to reducing their emissions by setting new criteria and
creating new policies to meet or even surpass those targets as part of the 2015 Paris
Climate Agreement. The bad news is that we're not moving along quickly enough.
According to scientists, we need to reduce global carbon emissions by as much as
40% by 2030 if we want to escape the worst effects of climate change. For that to
happen, the global community must take immediate, concrete steps: to decarbonize
electricity generation by equitably transitioning from fossil fuel–based production to
renewable energy sources like wind and solar; to electrify our cars and trucks; and to
maximize energy efficiency in our buildings, appliances, and industries.

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How is global warming linked to extreme weather?

Scientists agree that the earth’s rising temperatures are fueling longer and hotter heat
waves, more frequent droughts, heavier rainfall, and more powerful hurricanes.

In 2015, for example, scientists concluded that a lengthy drought in California—the

state’s worst water shortage in 1,200 years—had been intensified by 15 to 20 percent
by global warming. They also said the odds of similar droughts happening in the future
had roughly doubled over the past century. And in 2016, the National Academies of
Science, Engineering, and Medicine announced that we can now confidently attribute
some extreme weather events, like heat waves, droughts, and heavy precipitation,
directly to climate change.

Additionally, the oceans' temperatures are rising, which allows tropical storms to
intensify. In other words, global warming has the power to upgrade a category 3
hurricane to a category 4 storm, which is more hazardous. In reality, researchers have
discovered that both the number of storms that reach classifications 4 and 5 as well
as the frequency of North Atlantic hurricanes have grown since the early 1980s. A
record-breaking 30 tropical storms, 6 major hurricanes, and 13 hurricanes were all
recorded during the 2020 Atlantic hurricane season. With increased intensity come
increased damage and death. The United States saw an unprecedented 22 weather
and climate disasters that caused at least a billion dollars’ worth of damage in 2020,
but 2017 was the costliest on record and among the deadliest as well: Taken together,
that year's tropical storms (including Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria) caused
nearly $300 billion in damage and led to more than 3,300 fatalities.

Everywhere, the effects of global warming are being felt. In recent years, extreme heat
waves have been responsible for tens of thousands of fatalities worldwide.
Additionally, Antarctica has lost nearly four trillion metric tonnes of ice since the 1990s,
which is a worrying portent of future occurrences. According to some experts, if we
continue to burn fossil fuels at our current rate, the rate of loss might increase, raising

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sea levels several metres within the next 50 to 150 years and wreaking havoc on
coastal cities around the world.

What are the other effects of global warming?

Every year, scientists discover more information about the effects of global warming,
and every year, we amass more proof of the catastrophic harm it causes to both people
and the environment. Communities suffer, and the number of fatalities rises, as the
heat waves, droughts, and floods brought on by climate change grow more regular
and severe. Scientists predict that if we don't cut back on our emissions, climate
change might kill more than 250,000 people annually and push 100 million people into
poverty by 2030.

Global warming is already taking a toll on the United States. And if we aren’t able to
get a handle on our emissions, here’s just a smattering of what we can look forward
to:

Disappearing glaciers, early snowmelt, and severe droughts will cause more dramatic
water shortages and continue to increase the risk of wildfires in the American West.

Rising sea levels will lead to even more coastal flooding on the Eastern Seaboard,
especially in Florida, and in other areas such as the Gulf of Mexico.

Forests, farms, and cities will face troublesome new pests, heat waves, heavy
downpours, and increased flooding. All of these can damage or destroy agriculture
and fisheries.

Disruption of habitats such as coral reefs and alpine meadows could drive many plant
and animal species to extinction.

Allergies, asthma, and infectious disease outbreaks will become more common due
to increased growth of pollen-producing ragweed, higher levels of air pollution, and the
spread of conditions favorable to pathogens and mosquitoes.

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Despite the fact that everyone is impacted by climate change, not everyone is equally
impacted. Typically, those who are indigenous, persons of colour, or economically
marginalised are severely harmed. Even though these same groups have made the
least effort to contribute to climate change, they are more exposed to its severe effects
due to inequities embedded into our housing, healthcare, and labour systems.

REASON FOR CHOOSING TOPIC

All living things and their surroundings make up our environment. A long-lasting
environment is one that is conducive to health. It is everyone's source of life.
Everyone's life is guided by it, and it decides how they should develop and progress.

The quality of our natural surroundings determines whether or not our lives are good
or poor. The environment in which we live affects our needs for things like food, water,
shelter, and other necessities. Between the environment and the existence of people,
plants, and animals, there must be a balanced natural cycle.

The natural environment is deteriorating significantly as a result of the influence of

human society, which is negatively affecting life on this planet. In the current world,
every human action has a direct impact on the ecosystem. We humans have changed
this world significantly through a variety of acts, which has led to numerous
environmental issues. Another significant element is the growing need for industries
and technologies.

Numerous Environmental Problems

Human activity has a negative impact on the environment in numerous ways. These
include issues with pollution, population growth, waste management, climate change,
global warming, and the greenhouse effect, among others. The main factor
endangering our ecosystem is the presence of dangerous gases in the air.

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Automobile use that is out of control has escalated its impacts, which releases
dangerous gases like carbon monoxide. Electronic appliances like refrigerators and
air conditioners also contaminate the air by releasing dangerous chemicals. The many
effects of these gases are contributing to both air pollution and global warming.

Another important factor is deforestation. Since the human population is expanding

quickly, we must clear forests and trees to provide for their daily needs. We may be
utilising it for fuel or building homes, but the ecology is suffering greatly as a result.

The loss of natural resources including water, fuel, and food are further reasons. On
the other hand, excessive human resource consumption and poor waste management
have led to an enormous amount of solid and hazardous wastes. These wastes pose
additional environmental risks.

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SURVEY ANALYSIS

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For this chart, we have 77.4% respondent from FBMP faculty, 9.7% from FISE, and 12.9%
from SESS

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In this section, we have analysed that there are 58.1% male respondent and 41.9% female
respondent. This chart concludes that there is more male respondent than female.

This chart concludes that every single respondent answered “Yes” and agreed that air
pollution had affected their health.

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For this chart, 87.1% of the respondent answered “yes” which means that they agreed that
the pattern of weather is generally changing while the other 12.9% answered maybe showing
that they do not have confirmation for this question.

This chart shows that every single respondent answered “yes” which shows that every single
of them have heard of climate change.

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This chart shows that 83.9% of the respondent have heard about climate change from
internet while the other 16.1% have heard of climate change from the television.

On a scale 1 to 10, 6.5% of the respondent select 7 as the level of the climate change become
a threat for their personal health and safety. Next, 22.6% choose scale 8 which shows a big
difference as the previous scale. Then, 48.4% choose scale 9 and finally, just like scale 8,
there are 22.6% people choose 10 as their level of threat for this climate change. From here,
we can conclude that majority of respondent choose climate change level of threat on a scale
9.

For this chart, we have respondent answer majority chose international organization and local
government should have the main responsibility for tacking climate change. The respondent
answers 93.5% on both international organization and local government. Only 90.3% of the
respondent answers chose individual should have the main responsibility for tackling climate
change. And here we can conclude that 90.3% choose all three answers as the one who
should have the main responsibility.

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From this chart, we can conclude that all hundred percent respondent have ever taken or
regularly take any action out of concern for climate change.

In this chart, 100% of the respondent agreed that source of rising temperature on earth over
the past decade were caused by human activities.

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From this chart, 41.9% of the respondent answered reducing global warming much more
important than improving the economy, 25.8% answered reducing global is somewhat more
important than improving the economy while 32.3% answered reducing global warming about
as important than improving the economy.

From this chart, 25.8% answered most of the time, 38.7% answered about half the time and
35.5% answered once in a while. All of these answers refer to how often people makes things
better when getting involved in trying to solve environmental problems.

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From this chart, 16.1% answered environment can recover on its own from problem caused
by humans very well, 38.7% answered somewhat well and 32.3% answered not so well.

From this chart, we can conclude that 32.3% answered wind, 54.8% which is the majority
answered solar and 9.7% of the respondent answered natural gas will be the most important
alternative energy sources in the next 10 years.

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From this chart 100% of the respondent answered government should provide financial help
to support alternative energy.

From this chart, 63.3% are extremely willing to change their lifestyle to reduce the damage
they caused to the environment and 33.3% are very willing to.

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From this chart, we can conclude that 70% of the respondent are likely to buy a more
expensive product if its packaging are more environmentally-friendly while 30% more are not
sure.

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OPINION AND SUGGESTION REGARDING ISSUE

Solutions to the Environmental Issues

Our earth has reached unsustainable proportions as a result of the aforementioned

human activities. As a result, we must do our part to minimise the loss. Every person
can make a big contribution to this solution.

For instance, we ought to promise to reject plastics. We might use paper bags or eco-
friendly alternatives like cloth bags in its place.

Every nation's government must enact stringent regulations for businesses that
release toxic waste in order to handle waste properly. The purpose of the awareness
campaigns should be to motivate people to use public transportation as frequently as
feasible.

Additionally, everyone must plant trees. The less private vehicle use, the less
dangerous gas emissions are produced, and the more fuel is conserved.

Is global warming too big a problem for me to help tackle?

No! While significant national-level government action is necessary to win the battle,
we also need the support of citizens who are prepared to speak up, hold policymakers
and business executives accountable, and alter their everyday routines.

Are you interested in joining the effort to stop global warming? By following a few
simple actions, you can lower your own carbon footprint: Make energy conservation a
part of your daily activities and consumer choices. Look for products with the
government's ENERGY STAR® designation when you shop for new appliances like
refrigerators, washers, and dryers; they satisfy a higher bar for energy efficiency than
the minimal federal requirements. Look for a car with the best gas mileage and the
fewest pollutants when you go car shopping. Whenever possible, use public
transportation or carpool to lessen your emissions.

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Additionally, even if the new federal and state requirements are a positive move, much
more has to be done. Tell your officials that you support climate-friendly policies and
measures to prepare for climate change, and that a just transition from filthy fossil fuels
to clean power should be a key priority since it is essential to creating safe and secure
communities.

Additionally, you don't have to struggle alone. Across the nation, movements are
demonstrating how taking action on climate change can foster community, be driven
by those who are most affected by its effects, and result in a future that is fair and just
for all.

1. Spread the word

Encourage your family, friends, and coworkers to cut back on carbon emissions.
Participate in a worldwide campaign like Count Us In, which aims to motivate 1 billion
individuals to take action and encourage political leaders to take more daring climate
action. According to the platform's creators, if 1 billion people took action, global
carbon emissions might be cut by up to 20%. Or you might join the UN's #ActNow
campaign on sustainability and climate change to contribute your voice to this
important global discussion.

2. Keep up the political pressure

Encourage businesses and municipal officials to support initiatives aimed at reducing

emissions and carbon pollution. Political pressure and business action are covered in
#ActNow Speak Up's parts, and Count Us In also offers some helpful advice on how
to go about it. Select a pressing environmental concern, choose a specific change you
want to see, and then try to set up a meeting with your local representative. Your voice
deserves to be heard, despite how daunting it may appear. Politicians must participate
in the solution if mankind is to be successful in addressing the climate issue. We must
all maintain our composure under the pressure.

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3. Transform your transport

Around one-fourth of all greenhouse gas emissions come from transportation, and
numerous countries around the world are putting decarbonization plans into place.
Leave your car at home and walk or bike whenever you can to gain a head start. If the
distances are too considerable, take public transportation, ideally one that is electric.
Offer to carpool with others if you must drive to reduce the number of vehicles on the
road. Purchase an electric vehicle to stay ahead of the curve. You should take fewer
long-distance flights.

4. Rein in your power use

Change to a renewable or carbon-free energy source if you can. On your roof, install
solar panels. Reduce your heating by one or two degrees to be more economical. Turn
off lights and appliances when not in use, or better yet, buy the most energy-efficient
devices available (hint: you'll save money if you do this!). You'll be warmer in the
winter, cooler in the summer, and you'll also save money if you insulate your loft or
roof.

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CONCLUSION

This document illustrates that variations in greenhouse gas concentrations result in

climatic changes via well-understood physical mechanisms. It analyses the evidence
showing that these gases' atmospheric concentrations have increased and are
continuing rising quickly, that climate change is happening, and that the majority of the
recent change is almost definitely driven by greenhouse gas emissions from human
activity. Further climate change is unavoidable; if greenhouse gas emissions continue
unchecked, future changes will significantly outpace those that have already taken
place. There are still a variety of projections for the size and regional expression of the
coming change, but it is believed that there will be an increase in the climatic extremes
that can harm natural ecosystems, human endeavours, and infrastructure.

In response to this information, citizens and governments have a variety of options (or
a combination of those options): they can alter their pattern of energy production and
usage to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and subsequently the severity of climate
changes; they can wait for changes to occur and accept the losses, damage, and
suffering that result; they can adapt to actual and expected changes as much as
possible; or they can look into as-yet-unproven "geoengineering" technologies. Each
of these possibilities has benefits, drawbacks, and prices, and what gets done may be
a combination of them all.

The susceptibility and adaptability of various nations and communities will differ. There
needs to be a significant discussion on which of these options is best for each group
or country, and most importantly, for the entire world's population. The options need
to be debated globally because frequently the most vulnerable groups have little or no
control over current or future emissions. We provide a foundation for that policy
discussion by outlining the facts and uncertainties of the science behind climate
change.

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BLANK SURVEY QUESTIONS

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